• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.189-196
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the relationships among the levels of fasting serum insulin, free fatty acid, lipids and anthropometry in normal-weight female college students. Serum insulin and free fatty acid levels were negatively correlated. However, insulin, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels were not correlated with fat mass or BMI(body mass index). The ability of anthropometric and biochemical indicators to predict fatness could be important for epidemiologic and clinical research. In the subjects, waist cirumference was correlated with BMI, fat mass and percent body fat, and HDLC/CHOL (high density lipoprotein cholesterol/cholesterol)was correlated with body weight, BMI, and fat mass. Our data suggests than waist circumference and HDLC/CHOL are predictors of fatness, whereas WHR apears to be a less important contributor to fatness in female college students.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.225-230
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• 2005

This research was undertaken to compare basic bodice prototypes for Internet shopping customer, and to select a profitable fit vacant space quantity between clothing and body. A total one hundred of eighteen outfits (4 types of pattern ${\times}$ 9 subjects ${\times}$5 body areas) were constructed with basic bodice drafting method of Japan Bunka Women's University according to nine male body types. Fifty-two experts analysis of the different prototypes as five body area and evaluate the most appropriate ease amount and stabilization of the simulation images on the computer. The experiments with automated methods using simulation image are based on AZ program of TORAY, Japan. Data was analyzed using percentiles, frequency and $X^2$. Taken together, the present result of vacant space quantity and stability evaluation through images shows that there is a significant difference in the size variation of the chest circumference, shoulder slope and waist circumference. In case of ease amount, chest area, shoulder slope, waist area and armhole except neckline area were shown more appropriate on the basic bodice pattern without size change. In case of stabilization, the chest area, shoulder slope and armhole except waist area and neckline area was shown the best on the basic bodice pattern without size change. However the waist area was shown on the basic bodice pattern plus 2 cm, neckline was shown more appropriate on the basic bodice pattern plus 1cm.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.603-612
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of aromatherapy massage on abdominal fat and body image in post-menopausal women. Method: A Non-equivalent control group pre-post test Quasi-experimental design of random assignment was applied. All subjects received one hour of whole body massage as treatment by the same researcher every week for 6 weeks. Participants also massaged their own abdomen two times everyday for 5 days each week for 6 weeks, The two groups used different kinds of oil. The experimental group used 3% grapefruit oil, cypress and three other kinds of oil. The control group used grapeseed oil. Data was collected before and after the treatment using Siemens Somatom Sensation 4, a tape measure and MBSRQ. Data was analyzed by ANCOVA using the SPSS/PC+Win 12 Version. Result: Abdominal subcutaneous fat and waist circumference in the experimental group significantly decreased after aromathetapy massage compared to the control group. Body image in the experimental group was significantly better after aromathetapy massage than in the control group. Conclusion: These results suggest that Aromatheapy massage could be utilized as an effective intervention to reduce abdominal subcutaneous fat, waist circumference, and to improve body image in post-menopausal women.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.277-288
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to provide information on how to improve the current sizing system of infant coveralls through analysis of the present system. In order to compile the information about dissatisfaction with the appropriateness of the fit of infant coveralls, a questionnaire was administered to mothers of 241 infants (aged under 36 months) living in Seoul, and analyzed using the SPSS WIN.10.0 program. Also, the manufacturers'basic body sizes were investigated. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The results of the comparison between the manufacturers'basic body sizes and the body measurement values obtained as the physical standard of the nation(1997) show that in terms of length and hip circumference, the manufacturers'body sizes were larger. On the other hand, in the waist circumference, the manufacturers'body sizes were smaller than the national average. 2. Research on the production sizing system of domestic and international brands, showed that the sizing interval of domestic brands were 6 months, whereas the international brands were 3 months f3r infants under 12 months. 3. Concerning fit, the areas causing most dissatisfaction were: the trunk length, sleeve length, inside leg length, and neck depth. The results showed that dissatisfaction with the suitability of the sizing of current infant coveralls according to the body part differed among the groups according to the month of age.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.3
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• pp.13-24
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the changes brought by the upper body form using a three-dimensional human body measurement the gypsum method. The developed plane figure was constructed using paper replica to analyze the dimensional shape of the upper torso and to be able to design clothes suitable for elderly women's physical characteristics. The characteristics are analyzed and compared with existing patterns in order to extract the components for the pattern design. The examination was carried out based on the developed plane figures of upper body surface replicas. Type 1, the bent-forward body form, has a wide gap on the shoulder. In Type 2, the gap of waist line was wide at angulus scapulae point. Type 3 was the thin body form, and the girth of the chest, front interscye breadth and back interscye breadth were more level with one another, compared to the other types. In Type 4, the bent-backward body form, there was a wide gap on front shoulder. Comparison with the developed plane figure and existed pattern, items revealed differences in significance included the front and back interscye width between the measured values of the existed patterns and the developed plane figure. Therefore, the basic components of basic bodice pattern for old women were determined in the up-bust circumference and length of the back.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.327-337
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in anthropometric, hematologic, and lipidologic data between normocholesterolemia and hypercholesterolemia and influencing factors in hypercholesterolemia in middle-aged men in Kwang-ju. 179 middle-aged men were involved. Anthropometric data(body weight, height, body circumferences and skinfold thickness) and hematologic data(blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, albumin and hemoglobin) were measured. Bleed lipid profile(total cholesterol, tr- iglyceride, phospholipid, HDI-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol) were analyzed. To determined using questionnaire. The subjects were classified as hypercholesterolemic based on The Guideline for Korean Hyperlipidemia. body mass index, systolic blood pressure, waist and hip circumference, and triceps, subcostal, abdomen, subscapular and suprailliac skinfold thicknesses of the hypercholesterolemic group were significantly higher than in the normocholesterolemic group. The concentrat- ion of cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipod. HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL -cholesterol of the hypercholesterolemic group were significantly higher than normocholesterolemic group. The concentration of cholesterol has a significantly positive correlation with body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, waist/thigh ratio and skinfold thickness(triceps, subcostal, abdomen, and supraillic skin- fold thickness). The general tendency of socioeconomec status, frequencyu of meat intake, smoking amounts and duration and duration and drinking frequencies and amount were higher in the hypercholesteolemic group but not significant. In conclusion, hypercholesterolemia in middle-aged men was closely correlated with upper body fat obesity and most of them had an accompanied high triglyceride level tendency.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1008-1022
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to propose apparel sizing system for each body shape of early adolescent boys. The subjects of this study were 549 boys in the capital area. Their body shapes were classified and apparel sizing system was proposed for each body shape. For data analysis were performed descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and crosstabulation using SPSS Ver. 12. The control dimensions to propose apparel sizing system were stature and bust circumference for the upper garments. Intervals between sizes were 5cm for stature and irregular for bust circumference. For each type, $5{\sim}7$ sizes were proposed for upper garments. Reference measurements suggested for upper garments were 9 items. This study is meaningful in that it classified early adolescent boys' body shapes and proposed apparel sizing system for each type of body shape under the current circumstances where basic data for body shape classification and apparel sizing system of early adolescent boys were not in place.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.306-317
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• 2009

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the characteristics of body weight perception and physiological index in young adult women. Methods: Subjects were 283 Korea women. Data was from the 2005 Korean National Health and Survey. Three groups-low normal and overweight-were based on Body mass index(BMI). General characteristics, health status perception, weight control behavior and physiological index such as BMI, total cholesterol, high-density cholesterol (HDL), low-density cholesterol (LDL), triglyceride, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and waist circumference were compared. Data were analyzed by t-test, $x^2$-test and ANOVA using SPSS program. Results: Of the normal weight group, 28.7% of subjects perceived themselves as overweight. Of the low weight group, 30.3% regarded their weight as normal weight. Of the overweight subjects, weight control was attempted by exercise (50.1%) and food reduction (77.1%). Significant group-related differences were evident in HDL, LDL, triglyceride, systolic blood pressure and waist circumference among three groups. Conclusions: Perception and attitude regarding body weight can be inaccurate. A weight control program should consider the relation of physiological index and weight based on BMI.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.133-146
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• 2021

It is important to conduct an anthropometric study to develop garment patterns to accommodate the changes found in the body size and type of men in their 30s, to effectively address fit dissatisfaction. Thus, this study aims to explore changes in the lower body sizes and body types of men in their 30s, and provide basic measurements for designing pants patterns. For this purpose, key anthropometric dimensions for the lower body of men in their 30s, which were acquired by the 6th (2010) and 7th (2015) survey conducted by Size Korea, were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 for Windows. Independent sample t-tests were conducted on major lower body sizes to track changes over time. Factor and cluster analyses were used to classify lower body types. From the comparison of the 6th (2010) and 7th (2015) surveys, it was found that the overall lower body size of men in their 30s were increasing in the height-related aspects, circumference, thickness, and width-as well as body weight and BMI. The five factors were derived to determine the typical lower body types of men in their 30s and the body types were classified into three categories through cluster analysis: (1) those with the largest body size, body volume, and obesity, (2) those with smallest body size, lower body volume, and obesity degree, visually the most skinny type, (3) those with BMI and weight that are the smallest, like Type 2, but the main circumference of the lower body is lower. In order to visually look at the statistical analysis, results were presented by producing a avatar based on the main lower body values.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.205-212
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• 2018

Background: Brain volume is associated with dementia and depression in the elderly. An easy way to predict relative brain volume is to measure head circumference. In this study, we investigated the relationship between head circumference and cognition as well as depression in a non-demented elderly community. Methods: Baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted in 2007 and 2010. At baseline, community residents aged 65 years or over (n=382) within a rural area of South Korea were screened for dementia and symptoms of depression and were followed using the same screening battery after 3 years (n=279). Data from anthropometric measurements (head circumference, height, and body weight), demographics, and blood tests were gathered. Neuropsychological tests, including the Korean version of mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE), clinical dementia rating (CDR) including the CDR-sum of boxes, the Korean version of instrumental activities of daily living, and geriatric depression scale (GDS), were performed. None of the 279 subjects followed were demented. Results: Baseline performance on the K-MMSE and GDS was poorer for participants with smaller head circumferences. Follow-up performance on the MMSE was also poorer for participants with smaller head circumferences. Interestingly, participants with smaller head circumference showed worse GDS scores at baseline but on follow-up examination, participants with larger head circumference showed rapid worsening than those with smaller head circumference with marginal significance by ANOVA test. In regression coefficient analysis, GDS decline showed significant difference. Conclusion: Head circumference was not associated with cognitive change but was associated with symptoms of depression in non-demented community residents.