• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.367-376
• /
• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare changes in pediatric Cobb's angle resulting from using the modified scoliosis exercise method to promote proprioception. Methods: There were 32 participants in this study. Cobb's angle was measured automatically using a ZeTTA PACS Viewer through a digital computer program with whole-body x-ray anterior to posterior. Scoliosis was diagnosed by a Cobb's angle of 10° or higher. Modified scoliosis exercises were used as the program for the three-stage method used in the study: the preparation phase (warm-up), actual exercise phase (main exercise), and final clean-up phase (cool-down). In this study, exercises that can promote proprioception, including muscle strengthening, stretching, equilibrium, myofascial release, balance taping, and traction, were applied, and their effects before and after treatment were compared. After implementing the exercise methods once a week-15 times total for about 4 months-the changes in Cobb's angle were measured. Results: After having the pediatric scoliosis patients practice the modified scoliosis exercises for four months, it was found that the Cobb's angle of the spine significantly decreased. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the modified pediatric scoliosis exercise, which is capable of promoting proprioception, is also effective in improving Cobb's angle.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.95-102
• /
• 2023

The inner ear constitutes a complex organ responsible for auditory perception and equilibrium. It comprises diverse cellular entities operating collaboratively to perceive and transmit sensory information to the brain. Inner ear disease is a sophisticated and multifactorial scenario substantially impacting the quality of life of affected individuals. Gaining insights into the developmental process of the inner ear is crucial for diagnosing and treating inner ear diseases, which can lead to hearing loss and impaired balance. Recent research in inner ear development and associated pathophysiology has focused on several pivotal domains, including identifying new genes and signaling pathways involved in inner ear development, using stem cells for inner ear regeneration, and developing novel therapies for inner ear diseases. Recent advances in genetics research have shed new light on the fundamental etiologies of inner ear diseases, with a growing body of evidence suggesting that genetic mutations might exert a pivotal influence on the development and progression of this condition. In this review, we have delved into certain common genetic mutations linked to inner ear disorders. We also discussed ongoing research endeavors and future directions for understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying this condition and potential therapeutic avenues.

• 농업생명과학연구
• /
• 제51권6호
• /
• pp.89-105
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 부모의 혈통정보를 모두 아는 혈통 및 고등등록우로 등록된 한우 암소 25,516두의 선형 및 외모심사형질에 대해 유전모수를 추정하였다. 각 심사형질에 영향을 주는 것으로 판단되는 주요인을 선정하여 다형질 개체모형에 적용하여 EM-REML 알고리즘 분석방법을 통해 각 형질에 대한 유전력과 유전상관과 표현형상관을 추정하였다. 한우 암소의 17개 선형심사형질 및 10개 외모심사형질(종합점수 포함)의 유전력 추정치의 범위는 0.03(유두배열)에서 0.42(체장)까지로 추정되었다. 체고, 체장, 강건성, 체심, 윤곽성, 정강이두께, 피모의 색, 엉덩이기울기, 고장, 좌골폭, 넓적다리의 두께, 유방용적, 유두길이, 유두배열, 발굽기울기, 뒷다리 비절기울기, 뒤에서 본 뒷다리자세, 체적 균형, 자질 품위, 머리 목, 전구, 중구, 엉덩이, 넓적다리, 유기, 지제보양 및 종합점수의 유전력은 각각 0.4, 0.42, 0.27, 0.25, 0.06, 0.14, 0.22, 0.31, 0.19, 0.17, 0.29, 0.04, 0.07, 0.02, 0.11, 0.03, 0.16, 0.27, 0.08, 0.15, 0.14, 0.14, 0.19, 0.16, 0.05, 0.08 및 0.3으로 추정되었다. 한편, 다형질개체모형에 의해 추정된 17개 선형심사형질과 종합점수에 대한 유전상관추정 결과는 다음과 같다. 고장과 좌골폭간에 0.96의 가장 강한 양(+)의 유전적 관계를 나타내었다. 반면 발굽기울기와 뒷다리 비절기울기간에는 -0.57의 가장 큰 음(-)의 유전상관을 보였다. 전체외모 형질인 체고, 체장, 간겅성 및 체심은 각 형질간에, 그리고 기타 형질들과 강한 양(+)의 유전상관관계를 나타내었다. 특히 체고 및 체심과 고장 및 좌골폭간에 높은 양(+)의 상관관계를 나타내었으며, 체고와 엉덩이기울기간에는 0.32의 양(+)의 상관을 나타내었다.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국가금학회 2004년도 제21차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
• /
• pp.80-90
• /
• 2004

본 실험은 사료내 아미노산 균형과 라이신 함량이 성장기 브로일러의 에너지 대사 중 Heat production(HP)과 질소 대사에 어떤 영향을 미치는 규명하기 위해 실시하였다. 실험1은 여러 단계의 조단백 함량과, 제1제한 아미노산으로써 일정 농도의 라이신 함량으로 만들어진 사료로 테스트하였다. 실험2에서는 이와 반대로 일정한 조단백 함량과 각기 다른 수준의 라이신을 함유한 사료들을 사용하였다. Thermoregulatory demand에 따른 영향을 최소화하기 위해 실험3은 이전 실험들(20 $^{\circ}C$)보다 높은 온도인 30 $^{\circ}C$에서 시행되었다. 에너지 및 질소 대사 실험은 컴퓨터로 제어되는 multi-chamber calorimeter system을 사용하여 조사하였으며 사료의 단백질 및 라이신 조성에 따른 닭의 HP를 측정하였다. 또한 이를 통해 나온 결과들은 에너지 대사 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 모델을 통한 예측치와 비교하였다. 다양한 단백질 함량과 일정한 라이신 함량의 사료를 통한 실험에서 단백질 함량이 증가함에 따라 질소 섭취에서는 75 %의 증가가 나타났다. 이것은 질소 배출에 있어서 150 %의 증가를 가져왔으나 이에 따른 HP에 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. 다양한 라이신 함량과 일정한 단백질 함량의 사료를 사용한 실험2에서는 최저 라이신과 최고 라이신 처리구 간에 3배의 증체량의 차이를 보여주었다. HP에 있어서는 라이신 증가에 따라 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 체중 보정치에 있어서는 유의차가 사라졌다. 실험1과 실험2, 두 실험의 시뮬레이션을 통한 HP 계산치에 있어서도 처리구들 간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 30 $^{\circ}C$에서 실시된 실험3에서는 실험2와 동일하게 라이신 함량 증가에 따라 HP가 유의적으로 증가하였으나 그 경향은 이전 실험보다 크게 나타났다. 결과를 종합 할 때, 총 HP의 발생은 사료의 단백질 함량보다는 제한 아미노산 농도와 더욱 관련이 깊으며, 아미노산 불균형에 따른 질소 배출로 인해 발생하는 energy cost가 차지하는 비율은 높지 않은 것으로 사료된다. 또한 질소 축적율에서 볼 때, 사료내 아미노산 균형이 체내 질소 이용효율과 밀접한 관련이 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.86-94
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to examine bone mineral density and factors which effect on bone mineral density such as daily nutrients intake, age, menarch age and physical condition among healthy female college students in Daegu area from April 20, to May 20, 2004. 1. Average age was 20.5$\pm$0.96 years old, average height was 160.9$\pm$4.30㎝, and average weight was 55.9$\pm$7.67㎏. Body mass index was 21.6$\pm$2.91㎏/㎡, body fat was 25.6$\pm$5.79％, menarche age was average 12.5$\pm$1.1 years old and WHR(waist/hip circumference ratio) was 0.8$\pm$0.01㎝/㎝. 2. Average level of bone mineral density(T-score -0.56$\pm$0.91) was in normal range. But, 11 persons(24.4％) are over T-score -1.0, 33 persons(73.4％) were within -1.0 - -2.5 and one person(2.2％) was under -2.5. It is very anxious level for Osteopenia-low bone mass, as research result shows 73.4% of the subject of examine on the level of Osteopenia. 3. Daily calorie intake was 2,550㎉ and each nutrient intake, compared to the seventh recommended dietary allowances for korean, was as follows ; Calorie 112％, protein 123％, calcium 78％, phosphorus 137％, iron 68％, vitamin A 101％, vitamin $B_1$ 141％, vitamin $B_2$ 95％, niacin 107％, vitamin C 128％ and zinc 120％. The ratio of calcium to phosphorus(Ca/P) is 0.66, low compared to RDA, but phosphorus intake is so high compared to RDA that precautions should be taken. The ratio of calcium to protein(Ca/Protein) is 8.55. 4. Menarche age and bone mineral density of calcaneus showed positive correlation and body mass index(BMI) indicated positive correlation. Age, height, weight. WHR and physical activity coefficient all do not indicate any significant correlation with bone mineral density. 5. Intake of Calorie, Ca, Ca/p ratio, carbohydrate and fat intake were positively correlated and, protein was negatively correlated, and Fe, Na, P and cholesterol were negatively correlated with BMD. These results indicate that average bone mineral density of subjects was in normal range, but subjects in the stage of osteopenia-low bone mass are many and bad effects are expected to have on their bone mineral density after menopause. Therefore, in order reach maximal bone mineral density, they should improve the balance between calcium and phosphorus and reduce salt intake. And it is thought that education and profound studies on relevant factors affecting the genesis of bone mineral density should be made.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
• /
• 제9권
• /
• pp.95-110
• /
• 2000

이제마는 사상의학의 생리, 병리를 설명함에 있어서 상한론을 많이 인용하였는데 치법에 있어서는 상한론의 것과 일치하지 않으며 특히 소음인편에서는 상한론의 한법이나 하법에 대해서 많은 비판을 가하고 있다. 이에 동의수세보원 소음인편에 나타난 상한론 인용문과 동무의 의론을 한법과 하법을 위주로 비교하여 본 결과 사상의학과 상한론은 공통적인 사기의 개념과 병증구성상의 표리구조를 가지고 있었으며, 한과 하의 개념에 있어서도 별다른 차이가 없었다. 그러나 치료법에 있어서 사상의학에서는 소음인에 대하여 승양이 안되는 체질상의 부족을 보충하는 승양익기법을 중요시하여 상한론과 차이가 남을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.317-326
• /
• 1998

서울지역 대학생들의 식생활 태도, 건강과 관련된 사항, 식습관 평가, 스트레스정도를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 대학생의 53.5%가 정상체중. 43.3%가 저체중으로 나타났다. 여학생은 저체중이 68.7%로 남학생 20.1% 보다 현저하게 높았다. 2. 대학생의 62%가 '하루 3회' 식사한다고 응답하였고 아침식사를 하는 대학생은 34.1%로 대부분의 대학생이 아침식사를 거르고 있었다. 식사시간은 대체로 불규칙한 것으로 조사되었다. 3. 일주일에 1-2회 이상 운동하는 남학생은 73.2%로 여학생 48.0%보다 높았다. 흡연을 하지 않는 여학생은 89.3%로 남학생 41.5% 보다 현저하게 높았다. 대학생의 84.4%가 자신의 체형에 만족하지 않는 것으로 나타났고 여학생은 현재의 체형보다 날씬해져야 한다는 응답이 80.0%로 남학생의 42.1%보다 높았다. 4. 대학생의 61.5%가 식품의 배합에 별로 관심이 없다고 응답하였고 녹황색채소를 거의 매일 섭취하는 여학생이 41.6%로 남학생의 32.3% 보다 높았고 과일의 섭취도 거의 매일 섭취하는 여학생이 45.3%로 남학생의 20.1%보다 높게 나타났다. 두부나 콩제품은 대학생의 55.6%가 '주 2회 이하' 섭취하는 것으로 조사되었으나 우유나 요구르트는 83.8%의 대학생이 '주 2-3회 이상' 섭취하는 것으로 나타났다. 5. 대학생의 식습관은 보통 이하로 평가되었으며 여학생의 식습관이 남학생보다 바람직하였고 자택에서 통학하는 대학생이 하숙, 자취, 기숙사 또는 친척집에서 통학하는 대학생 보다 식습관이 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 6. 대부분의 대학생(73.8%)이 스트레스를 많이 받는 것으로 나타났고 스트레스를 적게 받고 있는 대학생의 42.9%가 '주 5회 이상' 운동을 하고 스트레스가 매우 높은 대학생의 53.9%는 전혀 운동을 하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 식사시간에 따른 스트레스점수는 '불규칙' 3.11, '가끔 불규칙' 3.04, '일정한 시간' 2.66으로 식사시간이 일정할수록 스트레스 적게 받는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 살펴보면 대학생 특히 여학생에 대한 올바른 식행동과 건강에 대한 교육이 요구되어진다. 또한 운동과 규칙적인 식사는 대학생의 스트레스를 낮추는데 효과적인 것으로 나타났으므로 적절한 운동과 규칙적인 식생활은 정신건강에도 도움을 주는 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 1975

Growth retardation and a variable degree of body disproportion are recognized features of malnutrition, and mild and moderate protein-calorie malnutrition(PCM). Among the various body measurements suggested to assess the prevalence of all grades of PCM as judged by growth retardation and by body disproportion, the 'mid-upper-arm circumference'-abbreviated to 'arm-circumference' has been suggested as a potential useful simple field index for the assessment of PCM showing that the measurement would give composite information simultaneously on three important effects on PCM-deficit in the muscle protein reservoirs, availability of calorie stores in the form of subcutaneous fat, and growth failure. And this is selected because of its easy accessibility, and less involvement with clinical edema. This study is conducted to make a comparison between the percentage of Korean weight for age standards and the percentage of mid-upper-arm circumference for age standards of 175 preschool children aged $3{\sim}72$ months who are selected among the low-income residents in Seoul. In this study, a comparison is made between the results obtained by expressing the observed weight of the child as a percentage of Korean standard, referred to as 'weight-for-age' and the observed arm-circumference expressed as a percentage of the age-specific arm standard of Jelliffe, referred to as 'arm-for-age'. All the measurements were taken following the techniques described by Jelliffe. The left mid upper arm was measured using a glass-fibre tape and the Fairbanks Morse beam balance was used for weighing. 80% level of weight for age Korean standard and 85% level of arm for are Jelliffe standard were used as an upper borderline limit for PCM. Comparing the 80% weight-for-age and the 85% arm-for-age standard as an upper limit for PCM, for children aged $3{\sim}72$ months, results in 84.6% agreement with the sensitivity of 86.4% and its specificity of 83.5%. If arm circumference alone had been measured and judgement made on this basis, then only 5.1% of the children would have been 'wrongly' classified. And there is a moderately close correlation between arm circumference and weight for age as the data in Table 4 shows. The problem therefore lies in the standard for arm circumference in normal children and in determining what is the lower limit of normal. Once this is clearly difined, one can rely more confidently on arm circumference measurements alone for the nutritional assessment of early childhood.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제15권12호
• /
• pp.1754-1759
• /
• 2002

A study was carried out to investigate the nutritive value and utilization of hybrid sorghum and perennial grass species viz. setaria (Setaria anceps) and hybrid napier when intercropped with soybean by growing Jersey crossbred heifers. Fifteen growing crossbred heifers (Jersey${\times}$Red Sindhi) of between 7-10 months age and pre-trial average body weight of 49-50 kg were divided on the basis of weight in to three treatment groups viz. $T_1$-hybrid sorghum+soybean, $T_2$-setaria+soybean and $T_3$-hybrid napier+soybean in a completely randomized block design. Intercropped forages were harvested fresh, chaffed and mixed before they were offered to the heifers. Chemical composition of the herbage, dry matter intake (DMI), body weight gain and nutrient digestibility co-efficients were estimated. The herbage mixtures had crude protein (CP) content in the range of 11.87 to 13.86% and ether extract (EE) contents were 2.91 to 3.11%, respectively. The herbage mixtures were rich in minerals (ash). The gross energy (kcal/g DM) was higher in hybrid napier+soybean, while hybrid sorghum+soybean and setaria+soybean herbage mixtures had lower value for gross energy. The hybrid sorghum+soybean and setaria+soybean herbage mixtures had higher contents of NDF, ADF, cellulose, lignin and silica as compared to that of hybrid napier+soybean herbage mixture. The heifers fed hybrid napier+soybean herbage mixture had significantly (p<0.05) higher $DMI\;g/kg\;W^{0.75}$ ($97.41{\pm}4.34$) as compared to hybrid sorghum+soybean ($88.31{\pm}2.66$) and setaria+soybean ($79.29{\pm}1.06$) herbage mixtures. Nutrients digestibility, DCP percent, DCP intake and nitrogen balance were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the heifers fed on hybrid napier+soybean herbage mixture. There was a significant (p<0.05) difference among different herbage mixtures in TDN. The heifers on setaria+soybean herbage mixture had lower average body weight gain (g/day) than those on hybrid sorghum+soybean and hybrid napier+soybean herbage mixtures. Data obtained in this experiment demonstrated that herbage mixture of hybrid napier+soybean was better than hybrid sorghum+soybean and setaria+soybean herbage mixtures in the nutrition of growing heifers. It had highest nutritive value, better digestibility co-efficients which showed better growth rate and higher feed efficiency. In ranking, hybrid napier+soybean herbage mixture was better followed by hybrid sorghum+soybean and setaria+soybean in nutritive value in the parameters studied. For future wasteland development program in humid-sub tropics of Himachal Pradesh hybrid napier and its intercropping with soybean is recommended for general adoption because of its better adaptability and higher nutritive value.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.275-292
• /
• 2003

In terms of Yin and Yang theory, Dam represents excessive Yang and deficient Yin, and Bangkwang means excessive Yin and deficient Yang. In terms of Ki and Hyung, Dam is vigorous Ki and flabby Hyung, and Bangwang is strong Hyung and weak Ki. In terms of the balance of Ki and Blood, Dam is more Ki and less Blood and Bangkwang is the opposite. In terms of meridians concerned, Dam belongs to Joksoyangdam meridian(足少陽膽經) and Bangkwang belongs to Joktayangbangwang meridian(足太膀胱經), Mr. Jeesan saw that the person having vigorous Ki and flabby Hyung tends to be dynamic and the person having strong Hyung and weak Ki tends to be static and designated both as Dam and Bangkwang, respectively, Meridians are the route of Ki and Blood in the body and since their titles are thought to imply basic oriental medical theories, they are better choices to be comprehensive and systematic than other terms. In the 12 meridians, the 6 foot meridians are more important than the other hand meridians because human beings adapt themselves to the earth. Among the 6 foot meridians, the 3 Yang foot meridians are more representative of the body since they cover more of the body. Joksoyangdam meridian(足少陽膽經) is related to more Ki and less Blood and thus is a relevant term to describe Dam. Likewise Joktaeyangbangkwang meridian(足太膀胱經) is related to more Blood and less Ki and thus can correspond to the term 'Bangkwang'. In addition, the Dam organ and Dam meridians meet the condition of excessive Yang and deficient Yin, vigorous Ki and flabby Hyung, more Ki and less Blood, on the other hand, the BangKwang organ and Bangkwang meridians meet the condition of excessive Yin and deficient Yang, strong Hyung and weak Ki, more Blood and less Ki. Thus the terms of Dam and Bangkwang satisfy the basic concepts Mr. Jeesan established.