• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2013

This study investigated the effects of magnetized water supplementation on blood glucose, DNA damage, antioxidant status, and lipid profiles in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. There were three groups of 4-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats used in the study: control group (normal control group without diabetes); diabetes group (STZ-induced diabetes control); and magnetized water group (magnetized water supplemented after the induction of diabetes using STZ). Before initiating the study, diabetes was confirmed by measuring fasting blood glucose (FBS > 200 dl), and the magnetized water group received magnetized water for 8 weeks instead of general water. After 8 weeks, rats were sacrificed to measure the fasting blood glucose, insulin concentration, glycated hemoglobin level, degree of DNA damage, antioxidant status, and lipid profiles. From the fourth week of magnetized water supplementation, blood glucose was decreased in the magnetized water group compared to the diabetes group, and such effect continued to the 8th week. The glycated hemoglobin content in the blood was increased in the diabetes group compared to the control group, but decreased significantly in the magnetized water group. However, decreased plasma insulin level due to induced diabetes was not increased by magnetized water supplementation. Increased blood and liver DNA damages in diabetes rats did significantly decrease after the administration of magnetized water. In addition, antioxidant enzyme activities and plasma lipid profiles were not different among the three groups. In conclusion, the supplementation of magnetized water not only decreased the blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels but also reduced blood and liver DNA damages in STZ-induced diabetic rats. From the above results, it is suggested that the long-term intake of the magnetized water over 8 weeks may be beneficial in both prevention and treatment of complications in diabetic patients.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2013

Advantage of saliva analysis are the ease of sample collection and that samples can be collected more frequently with much less stress on the patient. The objective of the present study was to comparatively evaluate the concentrations of saliva and fasting serum glucose in both normal and diabetic subjects. The mean salivary glucose level in diabetic patients was $15.66{\pm}17.1$ mg/dl and $1.78{\pm}1.72$ mg/dl (P = 0.0006) in the control group. The mean fasting serum glucose level in diabetic patients was $202.12{\pm}66.91$ mg/dl, while that in the control group was $94.21{\pm}14.97$ mg/dl (P < 0.0001). The 0.95 degree of correlation between salivary and fasting serum glucose could be demonstrated. The concentration of salivary and fasting serum glucose was not significant different betweeen the measurements for male and female. In the oral glucose tolerance test (75g), the glucose concentration in saliva progressively increased during the first 30 minutes of the test and then progressively decreased, reaching at minutes 120 ~ 180 lowest point as like fasting serum glucose concentration. We can conclude that salivary glucose concentration was significantly higher in the diabetic subjects and that there was significant correlation between salivary and fasting serum glucose concentration. Measurement of salivary glucose could be a useful test having good correlation between salivary and fasting serum glucose concentration.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.827-831
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• 2004

본 연구는 쌀겨 및 쌀눈 기름에 들어 있는 ${\gamma}$-oryzano의 혈당 저하효과를 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 실험동물은 인슐린 비의존형 당뇨병 모델인 KK 당뇨마우스를 이용하였고, 실험식이의 0.2% 수준에서 ${\gamma}$ -oryzanol 첨가 유무에 따라 CO군과 GO군을 선정 후 8주 동안 실험식이를 급여하였다. 실험결과 실험식이 섭취량, 체중변화,장기의 무게는 실험군 사이에 차이가 없었으나, GO군에서 실험식이 급여 5주부터 공복혈당의 감소를 보였고, 내당능이 개선되어 혈당면적이 유의하게 낮은 수준을 보였다. 장기간의 혈당상태 지표인 당화혈색소가 실험군 사이에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나 GO군에서 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 인슐린 수준은 ${\gamma}$-oryzanol을 섭취한 GO에서 높은 경향을 보였다. 따라서 ${\gamma}$ -oryzanol은 혈청 인슐린 수준을 높이고 혈당 농도 감소 효과가 있는 것으로 보이나, 실험식이 급여 기간의 변화 및 ${\gamma}$-oryzano의 첨가 수준에 따른 혈당 저하 효과 검토 등이 보완되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2005

Controlling dietary behaviors and health-related lifestyle habits is important to manage non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). If NIDDM is not treated properly, the prevalence of macro-vascular complications (MC) may increase. The goal of NIDDM therapy is to maintain normal concentrations of blood glucose and lipid profiles by having regular meals, controlling alcohol drinking, quitting smoking, and performing physical exercise regularly. This study was performed to investigate the dietary and health-related lifestyle habits and blood parameters of NIDDM patients of both genders and compared these characteristics between the patients with and without MC. Our results show that the subjects with MC compared to without MC and the female patients than the males controlled their diets more regularly, tended to regulate the number of meals better, and smoke less than those without MC. Although plasma lipid profiles were not significantly different between the genders and between the subjects with and without MC, the men had higher blood glucose and plasma tHcy concentrations than the women and plasma tHcy concentration was higher in the female subjects without MC. These results imply that the male patients of NIDDM without MC might have more problems in maintaining their blood glucose. In addition, smoking may be the most important life-style factor influencing some blood parameters like blood glucose, HbAlc, and total cholesterol in the NIDDM patients.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2009

The present study was carried out to examine the sustained release effect of the implantable bovine somatotropin (SRI-BST) formula. In the blood profile test in steers, the bovine somatotropin concentration in serum by radioimmunoassay showed the peak concentration on the first day after the implantation of the SRI-BST formula, and concentration proceeded for 5 days (p < 0.05). The insulin-like growth factor-1 concentration showed the peak concentration on the seventh day after implantation of the SRIF-BST formula, and concentration proceeded for 10 days (p < 0.05). The glucose showed the peak concentration on the first day after implantation of the SRI-BST formula, and concentration continued for 3 days (p < 0.05). The blood urea nitrogen showed the lowest concentration on the third day after implantation of the SRI-BST formula, and concentration continued for 7 days (p < 0.05). These results proved that the SRIF-BST formula was the sustained release effects in steers.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.327-333
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• 2007

The present study was carried out to evaluate the physiological effects of mushroom supplementation on blood glucose levels, lipid profile, and antioxidant enzyme activities in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects were randomized into either a control group or mushroom supplementation group. Mushroom supplementation was provided 3 times a day for 4 weeks. We found that total dietary fiber intake was about 2.5 times higher (30.3 g vs. 12.3 g) in subjects receiving mushroom supplementation than in the control group. Two groups maintained the same food intake and amount of activity, exercise during the supplementation. We observed no difference in age, height, weight, BMI (body mass index), blood pressure between the groups. Nutrient intake did not differ appreciably between the two groups, except for fiber intake, during the supplementation. Fasting blood glucose levels and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels were significantly lower in those ingesting mushroom than in controls. Furthermore, the concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were decreased significantly in the mushroom supplementation group. Small changes were observed in the concentration of total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of those supplemented with mushroom, but these changes were not statistically significant. Activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase with mushroom supplementation were higher than in controls, but and glutathione peroxidase activity was not affected. The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance of mushroom group were lower than control group, but were not significant. We conclude that addition of mushroom influences glycemic control and may be effective in lowering blood lipids and improving antioxidant enzyme activities. Accordingly, such effects may reduce risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, to confirm these effects and to make dietary recommendations for patients with type 2 diabetes, further studies are necessary.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.121-129
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• 1976

우유중에 상당량 존재하는 myo-Inositol의 생성을 알아보기 위하여 3% SE-52를 충진시킨 gas-liquid chromatography에 의해 myo-Inositol의 정량을 행하고 이 myo-Inositol의 유래를 feeding 실험과 $(^{14}C)-glucose$와 (3H)-myo-Inositol을 쥐에 주사한 실험으로 알아 븐 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 쥐우유를 G.L.C. 방법으로 분석하여 우유 100gm.당 61-91mg.의 myo-Inositol (free)을 얻었다. 2. Feeding 실험 결과 우유 myo-Inositol의 85%는 diet에서 흡수되었고 나머지는 mammary gland에서 합성된 것으로 나타났다. 3. $(^{14}C)-glucose$에서 $(^{14}C)-myo-Inositol$ 생성은 lactose의 생성과 비슷하게 한시간이내에 최고에 달하였다. 4. $(^3H)-myo-Inositol$을 lactating rat에 주사하여 실험한 결과 우유 myo-Inositol의 대부분은 혈액 myo-Inositol에서 유래되었다. $(^{14}C)-glucose$를 주사한 후 우유중에 나타난 myo-Inositol의 비방사능(比放射能)은 4시간 후에 혈액 glucose의 8%였다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2020

Portable blood glucose meters (PBGMs) are widely used because of their practicality. However, the accuracy of PBGMs has frequently been questioned. The objectives of this study were to evaluate factors that might interfere with measurements made using PBGMs, and to assess the clinical utility of 6 PBGMs. The glucose concentrations measured using the PBGMs were compared with those obtained using a reference method. The agreement between the measured values was assessed using Spearman correlation analysis, Passing-Bablok regression analysis, Bland-Altman plots, and consensus error grid analysis. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed to identify the parameters affecting glucose measurement. The results indicated that all of the PBGMs tested perform adequately for use in veterinary practice. In most cases, measurements made using PBGM corresponded well with the blood glucose values obtained using the reference method. Error grid analysis revealed that most of the PBGM values fell within zones A and B. However, some measurements of blood glucose concentrations < 80 mg/dL fell into zone C. PCV, and triglyceride and total protein concentration, significantly affected the output of some of the PBGMs. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of the characteristics of the PBGM that they use.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.62-67
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• 2008

The present study was carried out to evaluate the physiological effects of seaweed supplementation on blood glucose levels, lipid profile, and antioxidant enzyme activities in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects were randomized into either a control group or a seaweed supplementation group. Pills with equal parts of dry powdered sea tangle and sea mustard were provided to the seaweed supplementation group three times a day for 4 weeks. Total daily consumption of seaweed was 48 g. We found that total dietary fiber intake was 2.5 times higher in subjects receiving seaweed supplementation than in the control group. Accordingly, fasting blood glucose levels (p<0.01) and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose measurements (p<0.05) were decreased significantly in those ingesting seaweed. Furthermore, the serum concentrations of triglycerides were decreased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased significantly in seaweed supplement group (p<0.05). However, the concentrations of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were not affected by seaweed supplementation. The level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in erythrocytes was significantly lower with seaweed supplementation compared to controls (p<0.05). Catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities with seaweed supplementation were higher than the controls (p<0.05), but superoxide dismutase activity was not affected. We, therefore, conclude that ingestion of seaweed influences glycemic control, lowers blood lipids, and increases antioxidant enzyme activities.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.1230-1237
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• 2018

Objective: The present study was undertaken to determine an optimal balance between the amount of physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF) to metabolizable glucose (MG) on rumen fermentation, blood metabolites and growth performance of 8 to 10-month-old heifers. Methods: A total of 15 healthy Holstein heifers weighing an average of 256 kg (8 month of age) were randomly assigned to three groups of five. Treatment diets consisted of the following three $peNDF_{8.0}/MG$ levels: 1.46 (Treatment A), 1.74 (Treatment B), and 2.08 (Treatment C). Results: The results showed that the ratio of $peNDF_{8.0}/MG$ affected rumen fermentation, blood metabolites and growth performance of heifers. The average daily gain of heifers tended to decrease as the ratio of $peNDF_{8.0}/MG$ increased (p = 0.07). The concentrations of blood urea nitrogen, triglyceride, and cholesterol increased significantly (p<0.05), while the high-density lipoprotein concentration decreased (p<0.05). After feeding 2 h and 4 h, insulin concentration in Treatment A was greater than Treatment C (p<0.05). Propionate concentration had decreasing trend (p = 0.07); acetate to propionate ratio and non-glucogenic to glucogenic volatile fatty acid (NGR) increased significantly (p<0.05). In addition, the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber decreased significantly (p<0.05). Conclusion: The present investigation indicated that dietary $peNDF_{8.0}/MG$ ratio can affect the growth and development, blood metabolites, rumen fermentation and apparent digestibility of heifers, and the optimal dietary $peNDF_{8.0}/MG$ ratio for 8 to 10-month-old heifers in the present study was 1.46.