• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.375-383
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• 2006

The physiological responses following stress are different in individual or personality. We performed this study to clarify gender differences in influences of noise stress on physiological factors. 70 healthy subjects, which was divided man (n=30) and woman (n=40) groups, were exposed to 85 decibels of excavator noise for 15 minutes. Cardiac factors such as heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP, respectively), and heart rate-systolic pressure product (RPP) were determined. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) was used to measure mean blood flow velocity (Vm), pulsatility index (PI), and resistance index (RI) in the middle, anterior and posterior cerebral arteries (MCA, ACA and PCA, respectively) before and during noise exposure. Cortisol level and hematological variables were also measured before (baseline) and immediately after the end of noise exposure. In the both groups HR, SBP, and RPP significantly decreased during noise exposure (P<0.05) but not significantly different between two groups (P>0.05). Vms of three cerebral arteries in man group decreased, whereas Vm of PCA in woman group fell during noise exposure (P<0.05). Vm, PI and RI in MCA and ACA during noise exposure were low in man group compared with woman group (P<0.05). Vm of PCA was low, whereas PI and RI of PCA were high in man group compared with woman group during noise exposure (P<0.05). Total leukocyte and red blood cell (RBC) counts slightly decreased during noise exposure but not significant (P>0.05). Levels in hematological variables decreased but not significant changed following noise exposure. Decreased rate of total leukocyte in man group was higher (P<0.05). Cortisol levels in the both groups decreased immediately after the end of noise exposure, while the decreased rate in man group was greater than that in woman group (p<0.05). These findings indicate that a transient exposure to experimental excavator noise may cause decreased changes in cardiac factors, cerebral hemodynamics and cortisol levels and the changes may be greater in men than in women.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.87-103
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• 2023

Backgrounds and objectives: Cardiotonic Pills^® (CP) are used for vascular diseases such as coronary diseases, atherosclerosis, and cerebral infarction. This study aimed to determine the transient effects of CP on cerebrovascular CO₂ reactivity (CVR) and erythrocyte deformability in normal subjects. Methods: This study had a crossover design and included 10 participants who were randomly allocated to 2 groups. The experimental group was given CP with water, while the control group was given only water. CVR was measured by hyperventilation-induced CVR of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) using transcranial Doppler (TCD). Erythrocyte deformability was measured using a Rheoscan-D microfluidic ektacytometer. All measurements were performed prior to and 1, 2, and 3 hours after CP or water administration. Blood pressure and heart rate were also measured before and after administration. Results: CP significantly improved CVR 3 hours after administration in the experimental group compared to the control group (p = 0.042). The corrected blood flow velocity at partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO₂) = 40mmHg (CV40) was also significantly improved 2 and 3 hours after administration in the CP group compared to the control group (p = 0.036 and p = 0.021, respectively). CP significantly improved erythrocyte deformability 3 hours after administration in the experimental group compared to the control group (p = 0.027). Mean heart rate and mean blood pressure showed no change. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that CP increases CVR and erythrocyte deformability. These results suggested that CP improves cerebral microcirculation which provide evidence for the future use of CP for prevention of ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative diseases.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.314-322
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• 2014

배경: 심장의 이완기능 이상은 비대성심근증 환자에서 흔히 발견되는 문제이다. 본 연구는 비대성심근증 환자의 심장 이완기능을 평가하는 데 있어, 승모판과 폐정맥의 유속을 이용한 MRI의 역할을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법과 결과: 승모판과 폐정맥의 유속을 이용한 위상차 MRI와 심초음파검사가 59명 (남:여 = 44:15, 평균 연령 = 51세)의 비대성심근증 환자에서 시행되었다. 49명의 환자가 심초음파검사에서 다양한 정도의 심장 이완기능 이상을 보였다; grade 1 (20명), grade 2 (27명), and grade 3 (2명). MRI로 계산한 승모판 유속인자들 (E, A, E/A ratios)은 심초음파검사로 구한 동일 인자들과 양의 상관관계를 보였다 (Pearson's r values = 0.47, 0.60, 0.75 for E, A, E/A, respectively, all P < 0.001). MRI로 폐정맥 유속정보를 이용하는 경우, pseudo-normalized pattern (8명)이 정상 충만 양상(filling pattern) (17명)과 구분될 수 있었고, 이들을 이용하여 이완기능 정도를 평가를 하는 경우, 심장 MRI가 심초음파검사와 중등도의 일치도를 보였다 (kappa value = 0.45, P < 0.001). 결론: 비대성심근증 환자에서 위상차 MRI를 이용한 심장 이완기능 평가는 임상적으로 적용 가능한 방법이며, 폐정맥 유속 분석을 추가하는 경우, 정상과 pseudo-normal을 구분하는데 유용하다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.77-93
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• 2017

Objectives : Clear and detailed analysis on Pulse-taking on both Carotid and Wrist Pulses is an absolute prerequisite if it is to be applied in real practice or its practical value proven. Methods : The original notes found in Suwen and Lingshu, their translations, and conventional studies regarding Suwen LiuJieCangXiangLun's Pulse-taking are compared and analyzed to find cases within medical texts where this method was used and to get an idea of the direction taken by the conventional study. Results : The ilsung, esung, samsung, and sasung of Carotid (or wrist pulses) refers that the pulse is one-, two-, three-, four-fold in differences. Refrainment should be practiced while comparing carotid and wrist pulses. Rather, they need to be compared with their normal states. Used by Luo Tianyi in Ming Dunasty, this method of pulse-taking was used for (radial artery) when diagnosing and treating the degree of seriousness of food injury. The measurement of maximum blood flow velocity using TCD done recently proved the validity of this pulse-taking, and it's been used for alleviating hypertension or tinnitus through acupuncture, or abating intractable diseases (around carotid). Conclusions : The obscurity of the measuring method of this pulse-taking can be resolved, and the problem which occurs while comparing carotid and wrist pulses can be solved. Even though there are differences in opinion regarding the positions when comparing the two pulses, their practical values are acknowledged since their usages in diagnosis, treatments, experiments, and researches have yielded positive results to a degree. They may not be used that often, but they are nonetheless under utilization.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.347-354
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• 2006

Objective : We evaluate the role of multislice computerized tomographic angiography[MCTA] in the diagnosis of intracranial vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage[SAH] in patients suspected of having vasospasm on clinical ground. Methods : Between October 2003 and June 2005, patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms of the anterior circulation clipped within 3 days of the onset were included. We performed follow-up MCTAs in patients who were suspected to have vasospasm on transcranial doppler sonography[TCD] findings and clinical grounds. Based on the clinical presentation of symptomatic vasospasm, we investigated the correlation between clinical, TCD, and MCTA signs of vasospasm and evaluated the role of MCTA in vasospasm. Results : One hundred one patients met the inclusion criteria and symptomatic vasospasm developed in 25 patients [24.8%]. We performed follow-up MCTAs in 28 patients. MCTA revealed spasm in the vessels of 26 patients. The sensitivity of MCTA was 100%. Among the 26 patients with MCTA evidence of vasospasm, 3 patients had TCD signs of vasospasm after symptomatic vasospasm presentation. Another 3 patients with symptomatic vasospasm had no TCD signs of vasospasm in daily serial recordings. Six other patients without symptomatic vasospasm showed MCTA evidence of vasospasm [false positive result] but these patients had also positive TCD signs of vasospasm. Volume rendering[VR] images tended to show significantly more exaggerated vasospasm than maximum intensity projection[MIP] images. The mean cerebral blood flow velocity of both proximal segment of the middle cerebral artery [M1] was significantly correlated with each reduced M1 diameter on MCTA [P<005]. Conclusion : MCTA could be a useful tool for evaluation and planning management of critically ill patients suspected of having vasospasm; however, more randomized controlled trials are necessary to assess these points definitively.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2003

개의 정상안혈관저항지수와 그 재현성을 측정하고자 컬러도플러 초음파를 이용하여 본 실험을 수행하였다. 내측 긴 후모양체 동맥, 모양체 동맥, 안동맥의 혈관저항지수의 정상범주를 측정하기 위하여 58두의 개에서 컬러도플러 초음파를 실시하였다. 정상견에서 내측 긴 후모양체동맥, 모양체동맥, 안동맥의 저항지수(%)를 측정한 결과, 그 수치는 각각 0.67$\pm$0.07, 0.70$\pm$0.06, 그리고 0.08$\pm$0.04이었으며, 모든 혈관의 저항지수는 좌우안구간에 차이가 없었으며, 성별이나 두개골 형태가 미치는 영향도 없는 것으로 판명되었다. 안혈관 저항지수의 반복측정에 따른 오차를 평가하기 위해서 4회 반복 측정한 결과, 안동맥저항지수의 반복측정변이계수가 4.1%로 가장 낮았으며 긴 후모양체동맥과 모양체동맥의 저항지수의 반복측정변이계수는 각각 12.9%와 7.8%로 모든 동맥에서 높은 재현성을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 보아, 컬러도플러 초음파가 개의 안구 및 안와의 혈순환에 대한 객관적인 측정자료를 제시하는데 매우 유용한 지표인 것으로 판단된다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2017

Background The effect of liposuction on the perforators of the lower abdominal wall has been investigated in several studies. There are controversial results in the literature that have primarily demonstrated the number and patency of the perforators. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of liposuction on the perfusion of perforator-based abdominal flaps using a combined laser-Doppler spectrophotometer (O2C, Oxygen to See, LEA Medizintechnik). Methods Nine female patients undergoing classical abdominoplasty were included in the study. Perforators and the perfusion zones of the deep inferior epigastric artery flap were marked on the patient's abdominal wall. Flap perfusion was quantitatively assessed by measuring blood flow, velocity, capillary oxygen saturation, and relative amount of hemoglobin for each zone preoperatively, after tumescent solution infiltration, following elevation of the flap on a single perforator, and after deep and superficial liposuction, respectively. Results The measurements taken after elevation of the flap were not significantly different than measurements taken after the liposuction procedures. Conclusions The liposuction procedure does not significantly alter the perfusion of perforator-based abdominal flaps in the early period. The abdominal tissue discarded in a classic abdominoplasty operation can be raised as a perforator flap and has been demonstrated to be a unique model for clinical research.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2007

Purpose : The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of cold application on knee joint in rats induced by osteoarthritis. Methods : Osteoarthritis was induced in female Sprague-Dowley rats by injecting into articular cavity of knee joint with 4% Kaolin, 2% carrageenan. Rats were divided randomly into the control and MES applicated group. The Experimental group was applicated MES in rat knee joint for 30 minutes. Results : Recovery of articular cartilage surface and thickness of articular cartilage increased after MES application. And chondrocytes were distributed widely throughout the cartilage matrix. The physical effects of Microcurrent Electrical Stimulation. Decrease in blood flow. Delay of neurotransmitter velocity Decrease in metabolism activity and inhibit the progress of the infection. Decrease in pain and muscle rigidity, inhibition of circulation Conclusion : This study shows that MES application affects articular cartilage recovery in osteoarthritis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.239-244
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• 2009

Objective : Cerebral vasospasm leading to cerebral ischemic infarction is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the patients who suffer with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Despite adequate treatment, some patients deteriorate and they develop symptomatic vasospasm. The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and clinical outcome of intraarterial nimodipine infusion on symptomatic vasospasm that is refractory to hemodynamic therapy. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the procedure reports, the clinical charts and the transcranial doppler, computed tomography and digital subtraction angiography results for the patients who underwent endovascular treatment for symptomatic cerebral vasospasm due to aneurysmal SAH. During the 36 months between Jan. 2005 and Dec. 2007, 19 patients were identified who had undergone a total of 53 procedures. We assessed the difference in the arterial vessel diameter, the blood flow velocity and the clinical outcome before and after these procedures. Results : Vascular dilatation was observed in 42 of 53 procedures. The velocities of the affected vessels before and after procedures were available in 33 of 53 procedures. Twenty-nine procedures exhibited a mean decrease of 84.1 cm/s. We observed clinical improvement and an improved level of consciousness with an improved GCS score after 23 procedures. Conclusion : Based on our results, the use of intraarterial nimodipine is effective and safe in selected cases of vasospasm following aneurysmal SAH. Prospective, randomized studies are needed to confirm these results.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제38권12호
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• pp.971-974
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• 2014

심실보조장치는 심장질환자에게 심장이식까지의 가교로서 사용된다. 공압식 박동형 심실보조장치를 체내에 이식했을 때, 심실보조장치를 통과하는 혈류가 느려질 경우 혈전이 발생할 수 있기 때문에 박출량을 측정하는 것이 중요하다. 심실보조장치의 박출량을 측정하기 위해 각종 센서를 함께 이식할 경우, 감염의 위험성이 커지기 때문에 본 연구에서는 체외에서 측정할 수 있는 공압관 내 압력을 통해 심실보조장치의 상태를 추정하고자 한다. 체외실험을 통해 공압식 박동형 심실보조장치의 공압관 내 차동압력과 심실보조장치 박출량의 상관관계를 계산하였다. Pearson correlation coefficient r=0.623 으로 두 값의 상관관계가 높으며, 박출량 추정값과 측정값에서 오차가 있었지만 공기 분자의 이동에 따른 식을 개발하여 박출량 추정의 정확성을 높일 수 있을 것으로 보인다.