• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 1995

Stellate ganglion block (SGB) is applicated frequently to increase the blood flow and to reduce the pain in head, neck and upper extremity. The effects of SGB are able to be estimated by clinical signs and symptoms of Horner's syndrome, skin warmth, anhydrosis, etc. The effects are also estimated by sympathetic function and the blood flow. Blood flow velocities and pulsatility indices of common carotid,d axillary, brachial and radial artery were measured by Doppler flowmeter after SGB with 1% lidocaine at C6 level. Blood velocities of all arteries were increased and pulsatility indices of all arteries were decreased. This results suggest that SGB increase the blood flow of head and upper extremity and Doppler flowmeter is a good indicator of the effects of SGB.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2003년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.206-211
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• 2003

This paper reports the numerical results for blood flow of the sac squeezed by moving actuator in the TPLS(Twin Pulse Life Support System). Blood flow in the sac is assumed to be 3-dimensional unsteady newtonian fluid. where the blood flow interacts with the sac, which is activated by the moving actuator. The flow field is simulated numerically by using the FEM code, ADINA. It is well known that hemolysis is closely related to shear stress acted on blood flow. According to this fact, we simulate four models with different speed for moving actuator and examine the distribution of shear stress for each model. Numerical results show that maximum shear stress is strongly dependent on the actuator speed.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.1083-1089
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• 2018

대뇌혈류를 증가 시키는 수술은 뇌경색의 치료방법중 하나이다. 이러한 침습적인 방법을 보완하기 위해 사람의 혈압을 이용해, 사지에 압박을 가하여 대뇌 혈류를 증가 시키는 비 침습적인 장치도 등장하였다. 그러나 속도와 정확성이 떨어지는 문제점이 제기되었다. 본 논문에서는, 정확한 측정과 측정하는 데에 걸리는 시간을 기존의 장치보다 개선하기 위해, Blood Oxygen Level Sensor를 이용하여, 양팔에 압력을 주면서 각 팔의 Perfusion Index를 측정하여, Perfusion Index가 일정 값 이하로 떨어지는 순간의 75% 압력을 팔에 가하고, 다리에는 팔에서 구해진 압력 값을 이용해 계산하여 얻은 압력을 가한다. 기존의 혈압 측정식 대뇌혈류증가 장치와 같이, 혈류량을 20%이상 증가 시킬 수 있고, 또한 측정 시간도 단축한 결과를 얻어 뇌경색 환자에게 선택적으로 사용할 수 있다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.21-39
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• 2010

Objectives & Method : We investigated toxicity, poisoning symptoms, poisoning treatment and prevention against poisoning of herbal medicines used to activate blood flow and remove blood stasis(活血祛瘀藥) in order to use herbal medicines accurately. Result : Cnidii Rhizoma(川芎), Olibanum(乳香), Myrrha(沒藥), Corydalis Tuber(玄胡索), Zedoariae Rhizoma(莪朮), Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix(丹參), Polygoni Cuspidati Radix(虎杖根), Leonuri Herba(益母草), Persicae Semen(桃仁), Carthami Flos(紅花), Manitis Squama(穿山甲), Eupolyphaga(蟅蟲), Hirudo(水蛭), Vaccariae Semen(王不留行), Sappan Lignum(蘇木), Lacca Sinica Exsiccata(乾漆), Draconis Resina(血竭) and Leonuri Semen(茺蔚子) may give rise to some side effects or toxic symptoms in herbal medicines used to activate blood flow and remove blood stasis(活血祛瘀藥). The representative methods of poisoning treatment in western medicines are washing out the stomach, promotion of vomiting, causing diarrhea, supplies of grape sugar and symptomatic treatment, etc. The representative methods of poisoning treatment in oriental medicine take advantage of herbs. And Oriental medical doctor should meet symptoms as patients call for attention. In order to prevent against poisoning of herbal medicines used to activate blood flow and remove blood stasis (活血祛瘀藥), the patients should keep usage, dosage and notes and oriental medical doctors should do processing drugs. Conclusion : We should pay attention to clinical using of Cnidii Rhizoma(川芎), Olibanum(乳香), Myrrha(沒藥), Corydalis Tuber(玄胡索), Zedoariae Rhizoma(莪朮), Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix(丹參), Polygoni Cuspidati Radix(虎杖根), Leonuri Herba(益母草), Persicae Semen(桃仁), Carthami Flos(紅花), Manitis Squama(穿山甲), Eupolyphaga(蟅蟲), Hirudo(水蛭), Vaccariae Semen(王不留行), Sappan Lignum(蘇木), Lacca Sinica Exsiccata(乾漆), Draconis Resina(血竭) and Leonuri Semen(茺蔚子) in herbal medicines used to activate blood flow and remove blood stasis(活血祛瘀藥).

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.1752-1760
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• 2017

뇌경색의 대표적인 치료법과 예방법중 하나는 대뇌혈류를 증가시키는 방법이다. 대뇌 부위로 가는 혈류량을 우회적으로 증가시켜 최종대뇌 손상부위를 최소화 하는 것을 목표로 한다. 이와 같은 대뇌 혈류를 증가시키는 방법은 약물에 의한 치료방법과, 수술에 의한 방법 등 칩습적으로 행해져왔다. 하지만 이러한 침습적인 방법은 환자에게 수술의 부담을 주며 합병증 등의 위험에 노출되어 있는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 침습적인 치료방법의 단점을 보완하고자 비침습적 대뇌 혈류 증가 장치를 제안한다. 기존의 대뇌 혈류 증가 장치의 단점을 보완하기 위해 가압식 측정법을 적용하여 환자의 사지 혈압을 정확하게 측정하고 사지압박을 실시하여 대뇌부위로 가는 혈류량을 우회적으로 증가시켜 혈류증강 치료를 실시한다. 이는 기존의 침습적 대뇌혈류증강 치료와 비교하여 합병증의 우려가 없고 환자에게 부담을 주지 않으며 대뇌혈류량을 의미 있게 증가시키기 때문에 환자에게 선택적으로 사용될 수 있다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.435-439
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• 2005

To determine the appropriate concentration of papaverine hydrochloride(PPV) for therapeutic intraarterial infusion against cerebral vasospasm and to measure the mean blood flow velocity of the middle cerebral artery in rabbits. Vasospasm was induced in the experimental groups (3 days after infusion; group 1, n=3, 7 days after infusion; group 2, n=3) and a control group (n=l) by placing a blood clot in the subarachnoid space around the top of the internal carotid siphon. PPV (5 mg/kg) was infused into the internal carotid artery. The vascular diameters of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were measured on angiograms before and after infusion. The mean blood flow velocity in the MCA was measured on transcranial doppler sonograms before and 24 hours after infusion. After fixation, the MCA was dissected out, stained, and examined microscopically. After PPV infusion in both groups, vascular dilatation of about $20\%$ was seen. The mean increase in blood flow velocity in the group $1(30\%)$ was smaller than in the group $2(70\%)$. The mean blood flow velocity in the MCA decreased by about $30\%$ in both groups, but increased again after 24 hours nearly to the level before PPV infusion. PPV infusion may be more effective in early stages of vasospasm when vascular walls have fewer histologic changes.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.37-42
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to determine whether percutaneous interferential current stimulation on thoracic sympathetic ganglia with amplitude modulated frequency (AMF) $90\~100$ bps and subthreshold of muscle contraction for 10 minutes on peripheral blood flow velocity in healthy subjects. Thirty-seven healthy volunteers were assigned randomly into an experimental group (n=25) and a control group (n=12). the experimental group received interferential current stimulation with subthreshold of the muscle contraction of current at AMF $90\~100$ bps on $1st\~5th$ thoracic sympathetic ganglial region for 10 minutes. The control group received same handling and electode placement, but no current was applied. Using a Doppler blood flow meter, the radial arterial blood flow velocities and the pulse raters were determined for two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures on time and group. There were no significant difference between the two groups with respect to the changes in arterial blood flow velocity and pulse rate over the four measurement times. Interferential current stimulation did not change in mean blood flow velocity and pulse rate. We conclude that interferential current stimulation on the thoracic sympathetic ganglia, as used in this study, did not dilate peripheral artery. This results suggests that interferential current stimulation dose not alter the activtiy of sympathetic nerve.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.75-80
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• 1987

With the conventional CW Doppler velocity meter, bl-directional velocities cannot be separated. The new CW Doppler system uses quadrature detection and phase rotation to produce simultaneous independent audio and velocity signals for forward and reverse blood flow direction, is fabricated. Specially, this system shows that phase rotation method for flow direction separation provides easy and satisfactory feature. From in vivo blood flow measurement, we can easily differentiate typical artery flow from vein flow, and measure both velocity characteristics qualitatively.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2004년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.203-206
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• 2004

In this study, a numerical analysis has been performed for a three-dimensional pulsatile blood flow associated with the elastic blood vessel and curved bileaflet for multiple cycles in terms of fluid-structure interaction. Here, blood has been assumed as a Newtonian, incompressible fluid. Pressure profiles have been used as boundary conditions at the ventricle and the aorta. From this analysis, the motion of the leaflet has been observed with fluttering phenomenon and rebound, and the flow fields of blood have been obtained with recirculation and regurgitation. The results can contribute to the development of design methodology for the curved bileaflet mechanical heart valve.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.153-166
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• 1999

SAENGMAEGSAN(SMS) has been used in oriental medicine for many years as a therapeutic agent for cerebral disease. The effect of SMS on the vascular system is not known. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of SMS on blood pressure, regio-nal cerebral blood flow(rCBF). 1. Blood pressure did not change by SMS in rats. 2. rCBF was increased by SMS in a dose-dependent manner. 3. Pretreatment with propranolol. methylene blue and indomethacin significantly inhibited SMS induced increase in rCBF. These results suggest that SMS causes a diverse response of blood pressure, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and pial arterial diameter. The increase in rCBF is also mediated by prostaglandins. cyclic GMP and adrenergic ${\beta}$receptor.