• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.7-22
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• 1997

On the Tunneling, This paper described Concerning Nonel Caps and also Compared to Electric detonation Caps. If nonel caps used to Tunneling, advanced efficiency of Tunneling will be increased about 25% than Electric caps used.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.6-18
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• 1992

This Test Blasting aims to dig pier foundation in the water, therefore the Caps & Powder needs 5-20% more Than the amount of ground blasting works. It results in the Dimension of water blasting standardization This project is Contracted with th office of HAM River Development of Kyunggi province.

• 기술사
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.3-15
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• 1982

The study on prevention measures for vibration and excavation of tunnel for the #3, #4, Seoul Subway. In the Seoul subway tunnel blasting, the drilling pattern and prevention method to seismic vibration are as follows as well as for adaptions of NATM, the supportings of roof and wall holes are arranged with control blasting. 1. The blasting is executed basically using the low velocity explosive such as slurry, Nitrate ammonium explosive, and F-I and F-II explosive for control blasting substituting of existing dynamite. 2. The cut holes are arranged with burn cut pattern and also must be arranged with M/S electrical delay caps substituting of ordinary do]ay caps. 3. Jack leg drills are used in Five Job sites and a jumbo drill in one job site. 4. In performance of safety work and in maintenance of building safety. The drilling length for blasting will not exceed 1.20 meter for round so that the vibration value shall carry below 0.3cm/sec. The harmonizing of better powder, better drilling machine and better technique is only the way of improving tunnelling efficiency and less vibration will help the dereasing of accidence.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제18권
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• pp.385-397
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• 1998

The firing system for the detonators called ordinary blasting caps have almost completely been substituted by safer and more trust worthy systems that can be classified in two groups ; Electric systems, and Non-electric systems. The characteristics of the different initiation devices for both group will be discussed, along with other useful elements for the correct execution of blastings. These detonators are commercialized in several countries under different names such as HiNEL, Nonel, Anodet, Detaline etc. A great advantage is that they do not initiate blasting agents such as slurries and ANFO, allowing bottom priming to be carried out.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.4-12
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• 1996

본 논문은 10월 29일 서울교육문화원 강당에서 한화가 주최한 바 있는 제1회 한화 기술 심포지움에 초청강사로서 발표한 내용을 요약한 것이다.

• 기술사
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.32-49
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• 1984

The East gate station area is 205M long and 24m deep which is located 13 meter in front of cultural treasure east gate. The area to be excavated by blasting is composed of granite rocks from 10M depth to 25M. Surface earth extends to up 10M depth. This job site has in involves heavy traffic congestion such as over 10,000 cars passing in rush hour where clossing No 1 lint of subway running 3 minitues head way. This east gate station construction is to be executed for the provent of the setting down of underground level and blasting vibration effects to cultural treasure east gate. Therefore, the caltural treasure committee approved this execution subject to the following condition. 1. Subway gelogical foundation and measured natural frequency 2. Execution of water tight wall 3. Sellection and test of damping material for wall and under rail 4. Measurement of monitoring system during the execution 5. Measurement of histogram system The above two projects was carried out by Dr. Kwang team in KAIST and prof, Han in Hanyang University under accadamic study contract. In the blasting work, for the pourpose of reduced vibration and low explosion velocity such as CCR, Kovex slurry. The 2nd, used electrical caps shall be delay cap and M/S caps in multi delay. The 3rd, drilling pattern is bench cut in open cut and applied control blasting in tunnelling and also shall drill anti-vibration holes as line drilling.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2016

전기뇌관을 사용하는 발파장소에서는 비전기뇌관을 사용하는 개소에 비해 더 많은 주의를 기울여야 한다. 왜냐하면 전기뇌관은 큰 미주전류가 발파회로 속으로 흘러 들어가면 조발이나 불발을 일으킬 수 있기 때문이다. 만일 암석의 전기전도도가 높거나 전기비저항이 낮으면 이런 위험은 더 증가한다. 왜냐하면 이런 암석은 미주전류가 발파회로 속으로 흘러 들어갈 수 있는 통로를 더 많이 제공할 것이기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 국내의 한 발파장소에서 채취한 몇 개의 암석시편들을 대상으로 전기비저항 시험을 실시함으로써 대상현장에서의 전기뇌관의 사용가능성 여부를 평가하였다. 시험 결과, 황화금속 광물의 함량이 높은 암석시편에서는 전기비저항 값이 $39{\sim}47{\Omega}{\cdot}m$로 나타났으며, 이는 여타의 보통암석에서의 $15000{\sim}21000{\Omega}{\cdot}m$에 비하면 매우 낮은 수치이다. 특히, 전기비저항이 $39{\Omega}{\cdot}m$인 암석의 경우, 뇌관의 발화전류를 0.4 A로 가정했을 때 암석 1 m를 통해 미주전류가 흐른다면 외부전압이 2 V만 인가되어도 뇌관이 기폭될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 발파현장에 황화금속을 다량 함유하고 있는 암석이 많이 분포하고 있다는 점을 고려할 때, 이 시험결과는 대상현장에서는 전기식 발파를 지양해야 함을 의미한다.

• 기술사
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.12-18
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• 1988

On the foundation work of Po-Ryong power plant #3 & #4. It was 30meters away from the running states of #1 & #2 plant site. In order to protect the #1 & #2 power plant facilities & factory structure. Allowable vibration was required below 0.07 gal. Therefore, it had to set up the anti-vibration trench to reduce the vibration reference and secondary. I applied the low gravity and low velocity explosives with M/S delay caps by cautious blasting pattern.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.3-16
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• 1990

The cautious blasting works had been used with emulsion explosion electric M/S delay caps. Drill depth was from 3m to 6m with Crawler Drill $\varphi{70mm}$ on the calcalious sand stone(sort-moderate-semi hard Rock). The total numbers of feet blast were 88. Scale distance were induces 15.52-60.32. It was applied to propagation Law in blasting vibration as follows. Propagtion Law in Blasting Vibration $V=K(\frac{D}{W^b})^n$ where V : Peak partical velocity(cm/sec) D : Distance between explosion and recording sites (m) W : Maximum Charge per delay-period of eighit milliseconds or more(Kg) K : Ground transmission constant, empirically determind on th Rocks, Explosive and drilling pattern ets. b : Charge exponents n : Reduced exponents Where the quantity $D/W^b$ is known as the Scale distance. Above equation is worked by the U.S Bureau of Mines to determine peak particle velocity. The propagation Law can be catagrorized in three graups. Cabic root Scaling charge per delay Square root Scaling of charge per delay Site-specific Scaling of charge per delay Charge and reduction exponents carried out by multiple regressional analysis. It's divided into under loom and over loom distance because the frequency is verified by the distance from blast site. Empirical equation of cautious blasting vibration is as follows. Over 30m----under l00m----- $V=41(D/3\sqrt{W})^{-1.41}$ -----A Over l00m-----$V= 121(D/3\sqrt{W})^{-1.66}$-----B K value on the above equation has to be more specified for furthur understang about the effect of explosives, Rock strength. And Drilling pattern on the vibration levels, it is necessary to carry out more tests.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.3-12
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• 1991

The cautious blasting works had been used with emulsion explosion electric M /S delay caps. Drill depth was from 3m to 6m with Crawler Drill 70mm on the calcalious sand stone (soft-moderate-semi hard Rock) . The total numbers of feet blast were 88. Scale distance were induces 15.52-60.32. It was applied to Propagation Law in blasting vibration as follows .Propagtion Law in Blasting Vibration V=k(D/W/sup b/)/sup n/ where V : Peak partical velocity(cm/sec) D : Distance between explosion and recording sites(m) W ; Maximum Charge per delay -period of eight milliseconds or more(Kg) K : Ground transmission constant, empirically determind on the Rocks, Explosive and drilling pattern ets. b : Charge exponents n : Reduced exponents Where the quantity D/W/sup b/ is known as the Scale distance. Above equation is worked by the U.S Bureau of Mines to determine peak particle velocity. The propagation Law can be catagrorized in three groups. Cabic root Scaling charge per delay Square root Scaling of charge per delay Site-specific Scaling of charge delay Charge and reduction exponents carried out by multiple regressional analysis. It's divided into under loom and over loom distance because the frequency is varified by the distance from blast site. Empirical equation of cautious blasting vibration is as follows. Over 30m--under 100m----V=41(D/ W)/sup -1.41/-----A Over l00m---------V=121(D/ W)/sup -1.56/-----B K value on the above equation has to be more specified for furthur understand about the effect of explosives. Rock strength, And Drilling pattern on the vibration levels, it is necessary to carry out more tests.