• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.137-151
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• 2005

It is estimated that sesame spread to Korea about B.C.1000 years and people cultivated sesame and ate sesame-oil age of three-nations. In the Koryo dynasty, sesame was cultivated as the major crop and there were specialists for making sesame oil. The sesame oil was enough for the both upper and lower classes. In the Chosun dynasty, it was introduced widely the method of sesame and deul-sesame (Perilla japonica) cultivation, the way of keeping sesame oil, and how to make sesame oil. Also, there were several ways of making sesame oil; press oil from raw sesame, or from roasting, boiling, and steaming sesame and etc. Even though sesame-oil and sesames were consumed in large quantities to cook Chan (찬 side dishes) and Byung-gwa (병과 Korean traditional dessert), most of common people could not use freely because it was expensive. You-mil-gwa (유밀과) took always a major dishes in the ceremony or party of the royal classes to the ordinary classes in the Chosun dynasty. Sesames and Sesame-oil made a major role in adding flavor to Chan-mul and Coookies in the Korean traditional cuisine. Especially, sesame-oil was consumed a lot to cook You-mil-gwa, You-kwa (유과), You-jeon-byung (유전병 fried rice cake) and Yak-bab (약밥). Roasted sesame and black sesame were used to cook Da-sik (다식), Gang-jung, and rice cake. Sesame oil and sesame was the major part of vegetable dishes such as Na-mul and it was used to add flavor to steamed, roasted and, pan-fried dishes and to roast, fry, and stew food. Heuk-im-ja-jook(black sesame porridge) and Im-ja-su-soup(임자수탕).

• 동아시아식생활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 동아시아식생활학회 2004년도 참깨과학 국제학술대회 발표 논문집
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• pp.145-174
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• 2004

It is estimated that sesame spread to Korea about BC 1000 years and people cultivated sesame and ate sesame-oil e age of three-nations. In the Koryo dynasty, sesame was cultivated as the major crop and there were specialists for making sesame oil. The sesame oil was enough for the both upper and lower classes. In the Chosun dynasty, it was introduced widely the method of sesame and deul-sesame (Perilla japonica) cultivation, the way of keeping sesame oil, and how to make sesame oil. Also, there were several ways of making sesame oil; press oil from raw sesame, or from roasting, boiling, and steaming sesame and etc. Even though sesame-oil and sesames were consumed in large quantities to cook Chan(饌, side dishes) and Byung-gwa(餠菓, Korean traditional dessert), most of common people could not use freely because it was expensive. You-mil-gwa(油蜜菓) took always a major dishes in the ceremony or party of the royal classes to the ordinary classes in the Chosun dynasty. Sesames and Sesame-oil made a major role in adding flavor to Chan-mul and Coookies in the Korean traditional cuisine. Especially, sesame-oil was consumed a lot to cook You-mil-gwa, You-kwa(油菓), You-jeon-byung(油煎餠 fried rice cake) and Yak-bab(藥飯). Roasted sesame and black sesame were used to cook Da-sik(茶食), Gang-jung, and rice cake. Sesame oil and sesame was the major part of vegetable dishes such as Na-mul and it was used to add flavor to steamed, roasted and, pan-fried dishes and to roast, fry, and stew food. Heuk-im-ja-jook(black sesame porridge) and Im-ja-su-soup (荏子水湯).

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.89-93
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of fascioliasis in yaks, Bos grunniens, from 3 counties of Gansu Province in China. A total of 1,584 serum samples, including 974 samples from white yaks from Tianzhu, 464 from black yaks from Maqu, and 146 from black yaks from Luqu County, were collected and analyzed using ELISA to detect IgG antibodies against Fasciola hepatica. The overall F. hepatica seroprevalence was 28.7% (454/1,584), with 29.2% in white yaks (284/974) and 27.9% in black yaks (170/610). The seroprevalence of F. hepatica in yaks from Tianzhu, Luqu, and Maqu was 29.2%, 22.6%, and 29.5%, respectively. Female yaks (30.9%) had higher F. hepatica seroprevalence than male yaks (23.4%). Also, F. hepatica seroprevalence varied by different age group from 24.1% to 33.8%. Further, the seroprevalence ranged from 21.8% to 39.1% over different seasons. Interestingly, the season and age of yaks were associated with F. hepatica infection in yaks in the investigated areas. These findings provided a basis for further studies on this disease in yaks from 3 counties of Gansu Province in northwestern China, which may ultimately support the development of effective control strategies of fascioliasis in these areas.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.237-249
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 기억 손상을 유발하는 scopolamine을 투여한 마우스의 산화적 스트레스에 대하여 12주간 공급시킨 대두 청국장 분말, 약콩 청국장 분말 및 흑미, 흑임자, 다시마를 첨가한 약콩 청국장 분말 식이의 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. 그 결과, scopolamine을 투여한 마우스의 뇌 중량은 감소되었으나 세 종류의 청국장 분말의 섭취로 유의하게 호전시킬 수 있었다. Scopolamine의 투여로 인한 산화적 스트레스로 인해 혈청에서 증가된 NO와 MDA 함량은 세 종류의 청국장 분말의 섭취로 감소되었으며, 이러한 결과는 대두, 약콩 및 블랙푸드가 함유된 약콩 청국장 식이는 항산화 작용을 할 것으로 기대된다. 항산화 효소로 혈청에서의 SOD와 GST 활성은 모든 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 뇌 조직의 SOD 활성은 정상군에 비해 scopolamine을 투여한 모든 실험군에서 p<0.05 수준에서 유의적으로 낮은 활성을 보였으나, GST 활성은 증가되었다. 증가된 GST 활성은 대두, 약콩 및 블랙푸드가 함유된 약콩 청국장 식이 섭취로 조절되었으나, 정상군의 활성 수준에는 미치지 못하였다. Scopolamine의 투여로 낮아진 혈청의 retinol 함량은 약콩 및 블랙푸드가 함유된 약콩 청국장이, 그리고 뇌 조직에서는 대두 및 약콩 청국장 섭취로 높일 수 있었다. 또한 scopolamine의 투여로 낮아진 혈청의 ${\alpha}-tocopherol$과 ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ acetate 함량은 블랙푸드가 함유된 약콩 청국장 섭취로 증가를 보임에 따라 블랙푸드가 함유된 청국장이 체내 비타민 E 상태에 대한 보호효과가 기대된다. 뇌 조직의 TAC는 정상군에 비해 scopolamine으로 투여군에서 현저히 낮았으나, 약콩 및 블랙푸드가 함유된 약콩 청국장 섭취로 정상수준으로 TAC를 증가시킬 수 있었다. 따라서 scopolamine의 투여로 증가된 산화적 스트레스에 대하여 대두, 약콩 및 블랙푸드가 함유된 약콩 청국장 분말이 항산화 효과를 보였다. 그러므로 향후 산화적 스트레스에 의한 알츠하이머형 치매의 예방과 관리를 위하여 청국장 이외에 블랙푸드 섭취에 대한 중요성을 강조할 수 있는 근거 자료로 충분한 가치고 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.237-244
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• 1992

1943년 이전의 문헌을 통하여 우리나라 쇠고기 ${\ulcorner}$포(脯)${\lrcorner}$의 종류와 조리법, 조리법의 변천에 대하여 고찰하였다. 쇠고기포는 조리법의 빈도 면에서 42회(12.2%)로 1위이고, 연대적으로도 가장 오래된 조리법이다. 옛 문헌에 기록된 쇠고기포의 종류는 산포(散脯), 편포(片脯), 약포(藥脯), 장포(醬脯) 등이 있었다. 조리법과 모양에 따라 세분하면 9종류로 산포, 편포에는 다식모양, 네모진 모양, 대추모양의 작은 모양의 편포와 참기(塹機)모양, 반원주(半圓株)모양의 큰 덩어리 모양의 편포가 있고 약포에는 다져서 만든 약포와 얇게 저며서 만든 약포, 장포 등이 있다. 기록된 빈도면에서는 편포가 가장 많고 다음이 약포이며 산포, 장포의 순이다. 16세기 후반 처음에는 "고기 말리고 오래 두는 법"으로 기록되었으나 18C말부터는 포(脯)로 표현되어 일관성있게 19세기까지 포(脯)로 기록되어 있다. 17-18세기의 기록된 조리법이 거의 19세기까지 큰 변화 없이 같은 내용으로 이어지고는 있으나 더러는 만드는 과정에서 시간과 정성이 많이 드는 옛 것은 사라지고, 현대로 오면서 간편화되고 있다. 쇠고기포에 사용한 주재료는 모두 힘줄과 기름기를 없이한 쇠고기이고 부재료로 꿩을 19C중엽까지 4 문헌에서만 이용하였다. 양념은 19종이며 그 중 많이 이용된 것은 소금, 참기름, 후추, 간장의 순이고, 보통 육류에 사용하는 갖은 양념(간장, 후추, 참기름, 설탕, 깨소금, 파, 마늘)중에서 가장 적게 쓰인 것은 마늘이다. 고명은 3종이며 주로 잣가루를 이용하였고, 찍어 먹는 양념장은 진장과 초장이었다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2020

Ultraviolet (UV)-induced damage plays a major role in ocular diseases, such as cataracts and retinal degeneration. UV irradiation can generate free radicals including reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are known to cause lipid peroxidation of cellular membranes. It has also been shown that UV can damage DNA directly and induce apoptosis. Rhynchosia volubilis Loureiro (the small black bean or yak-kong, RV) and Beta bulgaris (beet, BB) are used as health supplements. In this study, we explored the protective effects of RV and BB against UVA-induced damage in human pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells and in mice. RV and BB mixture and their effective constituents (cyanidin, delphidin, petunidin glycosides) improved cell viability and suppressed intracelluar ROS generation. Phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), Erk1/2 was analyzed by immunoblotting. RV and BB mixture inhibited UVA-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, JNK, Erk1/2 in APRE-19 cells. RV and BB treatment also showed protective effects on ocular damage in UVA-irradiated mice by increasing the levels of endogenous antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione. RV and BB have the potential to be used in a range of ocular diseases and conditions, based on in vitro and in vivo study.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.351-356
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• 2023

본 연구는 영화 <자산어보>(2021)가 19세기 성리학적 질서가 흔들리며 서서히 몰락해가는 조선을 어떤 방식으로 재현하고 있는지를 분석을 통해 살펴보기 위해 기획되었다. 분석에 앞서 역사극의 내레이션 특성을 고려하여 역사극의 분석틀을 제시하였다. 우리는 역사극의 분석틀을 활용하여 <자산어보>가 유배 서사의 플롯 구조를 기반으로 정약전, 장창대가 시대의 한계와 가능성 사이에서 주체적 개인으로 자신의 삶을 살아가는 모습을 재현하고 있음을 확인하였다. 흑백과 컬러 이미지의 대비, 보이스 오버 내레이션의 적극적 활용, 한시 자막과 음악 등으로 만들어낸 중심기억과 잉여기억을 통해 영화는 주체적 개인으로 살아가기 위해 필요한 것이 무엇인지에 관한 보편적인 질문을 우리에게 던지고 있다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제9권
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• pp.432-552
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• 1996

The influence of the four noted physicians of Geum-Won era(金元代) on the completion of the medicine in the Chosun dynasty(朝鮮朝) can be summarized as follows. 1. The four noted physicians of Geum-Won era were Yoo-Wan-So(劉完素), Jang-Jong-Jung(張從正), Lee-Go(李杲), Ju-Jin-Heung(朱震亨). 2. Yoo-Wan-So(劉完索) made his theory on the basic of Nae-Kyung("內經") and Sane-Han-Lon("傷寒論"), his idea of medicine was characterized in his books, for exemple, application of O-Oon-Yuk-Ki(五運六氣), Ju-Wha theory(主火論) and hang-hae-seng-je theory(亢害承制論). from his theory and method of study, many deviations of oriental medicine occurred. He made an effort for study of Nae-Kyung, which had been depressed for many years, on the contrary of the way old study that Nae-Kyung had been only explained or revised, he applied the theory of Nae-Kyung to clinical care. The theory of Yuk-Gi-Byung-Gi(六氣病機) and On-Yeul-Byung(溫熱病) had much influenced on his students and posterities, not to mention Jang-Ja-Wha and Ju-Jin-Heung, who were among the four noted physicians therefore he became the father of Yuk-Gi(六氣) and On-Yeul(溫熱) schools. 3. Jang-Jong-Jung(張從正) emulated Yoo-Wan-So as a model, and followed his Yuk-Gi-Chi-Byung(六氣致病) theory, but he insisted on the use of the chiaphoretic, the emetic and the paregoric to get rid of the causes, specially he insisted on the use of the paregoric, so they called him Gong-Ha-Pa(攻下派). He insisted on the theory that if we would strenthen ourselves we should use food, id get rid of cause, should use the paregoric, emetic and diaphoretic. Jang-Jong-Jung'S Gang-Sim-Wha(降心火) theory, which he improved Yoo-Wan-So's Han-Ryang(寒凉) theory influenced to originate Ju-Jin-Heung'S Ja-Eum-Gang-Wha(滋陰降火) theory. 4. Lee-Go(李杲) insisted on the theory that Bi-Wi(脾胃) played a loading role in the physiological function and pathological change, and that the internal disease was originated by the need of Gi(氣) came from the disorder of digestive organs, and that the causes of internal disease were the irregular meal, the overwork, and mental shock. Lee-Go made an effort for study about the struggle of Jung-Sa(正邪) and in the theory of the prescription he asserted the method of Seung-Yang-Bo-Gi(升陽補氣), but he also used the method of Go-Han-Gang-Wha(苦寒降火). 5. The authors of Eui-Hak-Jung-Jun("醫學正傳"), Eui-Hak-Ib-Moon("醫學入門"), and Man-Byung-Whoi-Choon("萬病回春") analyzed the medical theory of the four noted physicians and added their own experiences. They helped organizing existing complicated theories of the four noted physicians imported in our country, and affected the formation of medical science in the Choson dynasty largely. Eui-Hak-Jung-Jun("醫學正傳") was written by Woo-Dan(虞槫), in this book, he quoted the theories of Yoo-Wan-So, Jang-Jong-Jung, Lee-Go, Ju-Jin-Heung, especially, Ju-Jin-Heung was respected by him, it affected the writing of Eui-Lim-Choal-Yo("醫林撮要"). Eui-Hak-ib-Moon("醫學入門"), written by Lee-Chun(李杲), followed the medical science of Lee-Go and ju-jin-heung from the four noted physicians of Geum-Won era. Its characteristics of Taoism, idea of caring of health, and organization affected Dong-Eui-Bo-Kham("東醫寶鑑"). Gong-Jung-Hyun(龔延賢) wrote Man-Byung-Whoi-Choon("萬病回春") using the best part of the theories of Yoo-Wan-So, Jang-Jong-Jung, Lee-Go, Ju-Jin-Heung, this book affected Dong-Eui-Soo-Se-Bo-Won("東醫壽世保元") partly. 6. our medical science was developed from the experience of the treatment of disease obtained from human life, these medical knowledge was arranged and organized in Hyang-Yak-Jib-Sung-Bang("鄕藥集成方"), medical books imported from China was organized in Eui-Bang-Yoo-Chwi("醫方類聚"), which formed the base of medical development in the Chosun dynasty. 7. Eui-Lim-Choal-Yo("醫林撮要") was written by Jung-Kyung-Sun(鄭敬先) and revised by Yang-Yui-Soo(楊禮壽). It was written on the base of Woo-Dan's Eui-Jung-Jun, which compiled the medical science of the four noted physicians of Geum-Won era. It contained confusing theories of the four noted physicians of Geum-Won era and organized medical books of Myung era, therefore it completed the basic form of Byun-Geung-Non-Chi (辨證論治) influenced the writing of Dong-Eui-Bo-Kham("東醫寶鑑"). 8. Dong-Eui-Bo-Kham("東醫寶鑑") was written on the base of basic theory of Eum-Yang-O-Haeng(陰陽五行) and the theory of respondence of heaven and man(天人相應說) in Nae-Kyung. It contained several theories and knowledge, such as the theory of Essence(精), vitalforce(氣), and spirit(神) of Taoism, medical science of geum-won era, our original medical knowledge and experience. It had established the basic organization of our medical science and completed the Byun-Geung-Non-Chi (辨證論治). Dong-Eui-Bo-Kham developed medical science from simple medical treatment to protective medical science by caring of health. And it also discussed human cultivation and Huh-Joon's(許浚) own view of human life through the book. Dong-Eui-Bo-Kham adopted most part of Lee-Go(李杲) and Ju-Jin-Heung's(朱震亨) theory and new theory of "The kidney is the basis of apriority. The spleen is the basis of posterior", so it emphasized the role of spleen and kidney(脾腎) for Jang-Boo-Byung-Gi(臟腑病機). It contained Ju-Jin-Heung's theory of the cause and treatment of disease by colour or fatness of man(black or white, fat or thin). It also contained Ju-Jin-Heung's theory of "phlegm break out fever, fever break out palsy"(痰生熱 熱生風) and the theory of Sang-Wha(相火論). Dong-Eui-Bo-Kham contained Lee-Go's theory of Wha-Yu-Won-Bool-Yang-Lib (火與元氣不兩立論) quoted the theory of Bi-Wi(脾胃論) and the theory of Nae-Oi-Sang-Byun(內外傷辨). For the use of medicine, it followed the theory by Lee-Go. lt used Yoo-Wan-So'S theory of Oh-Gi-Kwa-Keug-Gae-Wi-Yul-Byung(五志過極皆爲熱病) for the treatment of hurt-spirit(傷神) because fever was considered as the cause of disease. It also used Jang-Jons-Jung's theory of Saeng-Keug-Je-Seung(生克制勝) for the treatment of mental disease. 9. Lee-je-ma's Dong-Eui-Soo-Se-Bo-Won("東醫壽世保元") adopted medical theories of Song-Won-Myung era and analyzed these theories using the physical constitutional theory of Sa-Sang-In(四象人). It added Dong-Mu's main idea to complete the theory and clinics of Sa-Sang-Eui-Hak(四象醫學). Lee-Je-Ma didn't quote the four noted physicians of Geum-Won era to discuss that the physical constitutional theory of disease and medicine from Tae-Eum-In(太陰人), So-Yang-In(少陽人), So-Eum-In(少陰人), and Tae-Yang-In(太陽人) was invented from their theories.