• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.298-301
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• 2004

Pregnancy diagnosis by ultrasonography was performed for both pregnant and non-pregnant Asiatic black bears which were being under hibernation. Pregnancy was diagnosed for a pregnant bear by detecting images of heart-beat and vertebrae on ultrasonograph. Serum progesterone levels were measured for both pregnant and non-pregnant bears. The level of serum progesterone was 5.79 ng/ml for a pregnant bear and 0.76 ng/ml for a non-pregnant bear, respectively, thereby it was considered that measurement of serum progesterone level can be also useful for pregnancy diagnosis for Asiatic black bear.

• 환경생물
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.196-203
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• 2019

과거 한국에는 반달가슴곰이 많은 개체수가 서식하였다. 하지만 일제강점기와 한국전쟁을 거치면서 반달가슴곰의 개체수가 급격하게 감소하였으며, 산업화, 서식지 파괴, 밀렵으로 인해 절멸 상태에 이르렀다. 2000년대 초반 지리산국립공원에서 극소수의 개체가 활동하는 것이 확인되었고, 이에 환경부에서는 절멸 위험에 처해 있는 생물종에 대한 복원과 생태계 건강성 회복을 위해 지리산 반달가슴곰 복원프로젝트를 추진하였다. 외부로부터 한반도에 서식하는 반달가슴곰과 동일한 아종을 도입 방사한지 14년이 흐른 2017년에 지리산에서 약 80 km 떨어진 수도산에서 반달가슴곰이 발견되었다. 유전자 분석결과 과거 지리산에서 방사했었던 3년생 반달가슴곰으로 분석되었으며 이는 지리산에서 반달가슴곰 복원사업을 추진한 이후 가장 멀리서 이동한 사례이다. 이후 지리산에서 2회 재방사를 하여 다시 수도산으로 이동하려는 움직임을 보였으며, 일반적으로 지리산에서 활동하는 반달가슴곰에 비해 많은 이동거리와 행동권을 나타냈다. 수도산에서 3번째 방사 이후 안정적인 이동 패턴과 서식영역을 띠고 있는 것으로 보이며, 이러한 사례 연구를 통해 지리산 반달가슴곰 집단의 서식지 확산과 이에 따른 광역적 관리 방안 마련에 필요한 자료를 제공하고자 하였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.1134-1136
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• 2003

In this research, GIS based evaluation methods were applied to habitats of Japanese black bear (Ursus thibetanus japonicus Schlegel) in northern Honshu. The study area was divided into 828 small watershed units , and five GIS indexes, Vegetation Type（V.T.）, Extent of Forest Cover (E.F.C.) Slope Incline (S.I), Average Altitude (A.A.) and Road Density(R.D.), were used to evaluate each watershed unit in terms of suitability as black bear habitat. In addition, Interspersion and Juxtaposition spatial indices were calculated for each watershed unit. The results clearly identified the regions with the most suitable habitats, indicating that this methodology is suitable for application to various environmental planning efforts, such as regional development master plans, project-specific environmental impact assessments, species management plans and biodiversity conservation plans.

• 한국환경생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생태학회 2008년도 정기총회 및 학술논문발표회
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• pp.52-54
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.154-158
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• 2023

The Asiatic black bear, Ursus thibetanus, is among the most threatened or endangered species in Asia. For its conservation and management, sex identification of U. thibetanus using non-invasive samples (e.g., hair and/or feces) is potentially valuable. In this study, a non-invasive molecular method for sex identification of U. thibetanus samples collected from various countries was first utilized, and it was based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the amelogenin gene via PCRs. Thirty-three bear DNA samples, extracted not only from blood (n=9) but also from hair (n=18) and feces (n=6), were used. We performed sex-specific PCR amplifications of the amelogenin gene using a primer set, SE47 and SE48. The primer set could successfully amplify a single X-specific band for females and both X- and Y-specific bands for males from all blood (100%) and hair (100%) samples. In addition, the primer set could distinguish the sex of bears in four out of a total of six fecal samples (approximately 67%). This study's findings suggest that this molecular method can be applied to sex identification of Asiatic black bears from various Asian regions using non-invasive samples, such as hair and feces.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2012

The objective of this study is to investigate the characteristics of the location and prospects of the bear shelves built by Asiatic black bears in the Jirisan National Park. Previous researchers have been analyzed bear shelves in terms of places for resting and eating, but we are going to analyze based on the prospect-and-refuge theory. Characteristics of the sites of bear shelves are measured through field survey and topographic analysis by using digital elevation model (DEM). The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is used to evaluate the optimum location of bear shelves in terms of crown density. Man-made objects are identified by viewshed analysis based on geographical information system (GIS). Findings of this paper can be summarized as follows. First, most bear trees are located deep inside of the mountainous national park, slopes of 30~40 degrees, altitude of 400~1,200m, and relatively low vegetation density with NDVI value of 0.4~0.6 compared to the average NDVI of the park. Second, the average height of bear shelves is 12.44m, or 74% of the average height of bear trees. They are located at suitable places to observe nearby trails and other park facilities. Third, man-made objects within the 100m radius of bear trees include lodge, bear training center, beekeeping camp, and hiking trails. Thus we may temporarily conclude that one of the main criteria of the bear tree selection in the park has been to identify optimum places for the monitoring of human activities in their habitat.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.201-203
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• 2016

Intestinal rupture caused by small bowel volvulus was diagnosed in a captive 13-year-old male American black bear. The animal presented with decreased appetite, depression, lethargy, and mild abdominal distention for 3 days. The animal was treated with antibiotics, hypermetabolites, and digestive medicine daily; however, it died on the third day of treatment. The clinical symptoms included hemorrhagic ascites, gaseous extension of the small intestine, and intestinal rupture caused by small bowel volvulus. Hemorrhagic signs were observed in the lungs and heart. This is the first case to describe small bowel volvulus in mammals of the family Ursidae.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.199-202
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• 1998

The moon bear lived in Sulak Mt. and Gili Mt. in 1949. It was reported that one bear was captured in sulak Mt. in December 19571 and the last one was killed by poacher in Sulak Mt. in May 22. 1983. Currentlyi the number of bear are decreased sharply so that Korean government designated them as their 329th natural monument in November 4. 1982. In September 2. 1997. the administration of cultural monument applied for the blood sample of bear to detection for poaching. We collected blood sample to 5 bears which are Moon bear, Malayan sun beard American black bears Ezo brown beard European brown bear. Before blood collectingl we injected to bear with Ketamine hydrochloride and Xylazine hydrochloride (10:2) to anaesthetize.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.363-365
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• 2015

반달가슴곰 (Ursus thibetanus)은 국제적 멸종위기종으로, 국립공원관리공단에서 종복원 프로그램을 진행 중이다. 하지만 자연방사가 어려운 개체들은 제한된 사육 시설로 인해 곰 개체수 관리가 필요하여 수컷에서 고환절제술을 시행하였다. Tiletamine-zolazepam 2 mg/kg과 medetomidine $40{\mu}g/kg$ 합제를 이용하여 곰을 포획하고, 기관 삽관을 통해 isoflurane으로 전신마취를 유지하였다. 고환절제술은 전음낭 절개를 통해 closed method로 시행되었으며, LigaSure를 사용하여 정삭을 소락 절단였다. 절개면 피하조직은 흡수성 봉합사로 연속봉합 하였으며, 피부는 조직접착제로 봉합하였다. 별다른 부작용 없이 전신마취에서 회복되었으며, 총 마취 시간은 58분(곰 A)과 53분(곰 B)이었다. 수술시간은 26분(곰 A)과 24분(곰 B)이었으며, 술 후 부종이나 합병증은 관찰되지 않았다. 본 연구는 반달가슴곰에서 LigaSure를 이용한 최초의 고환절제술 증례이다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.149-151
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• 2014

9살, 170 kg, 암컷 반달가슴곰이 불임 수술을 위해 내원하였다. 수술 전 신체 검사에서 특이 사항은 없었으며 복강경을 이용한 난관 절제술이 실시 되었다. 제대 아래에 만들어진 첫 번째 port에 장착 된 $25^{\circ}$ 복강경을 통해 복강을 확인 하였다. 정중 옆에 만들어진 두 번째 및 세 번째 port에 장착 된 비외상성 겸자와 혈관 소락용 기구를 이용하여 난관 과 난관간막을 소락하였다. 소락 된 부분에서 출혈이 확인 되지 않았으며 4주 후 신체 검사에서 어떤 이상도 발견 되지 않았다. 본 증례는 반달가슴곰에서 불임을 위한 복강경 이용 난관 절제술이 실시 된 첫 번째 증례이다.