• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.281-285
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• 2015

아라키돈산(AA)은 포유동물에 식품을 통해 섭취되는 필수지방산으로써 동물조직에서 추출되어 이용되어 왔다. 경제적으로 AA를 생산하기 위하여 토양으로부터 AA를 다량으로 생산하는 모르티에렐라 종으로 확인된 M-12균주를 선발하였다. 균체로부터 지방질과 AA를 효율적으로 추출하기 위하여 전처리 공정, 공정 순서, 추출 용매, 추출 방식, 입자 크기 등을 달리하여 추출 효율을 분석하였다. M-12를 GY배지로 $25^{\circ}C$에서 7일 배양하여 동결건조한 시료를 사용하였을 때 지질방 중 47% 이상의 AA를 함유하고 있었다. 지방질 추출 효율은 균체의 젖은 상태와 건조 상태로 나눈 전처리 공정에 따라 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 클로로폼과 메탄올(2:1) 용액을 추출 용매로 사용하였을 때 가장 높은 추출율을 보였으며 헥세인이나 아이소헥세인도 우수한 추출 효율을 나타내었다. 균체를 분쇄하기 위하여 blending, ultrasonication, Ultra-turrex homogenization 등 기계적 분쇄방법을 사용하였으나 추출 효율은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 균체 입자가 고울수록 유지의 추출 효율은 높게 나타났고 추출 시간보다는 추출 시 입자 크기가 추출 효율에 더 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 추출된 유지를 분획하여 지방산 조성을 분석한 결과 neutral lipids 내에 AA의 함량이 65.3-68.9%로 가장 높게 나타났다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

The demand for energy in Thailand has been continually increasing as the economic and social country grows. Approximately 60% of Thailand's primary energy is imported, mostly petroleum products. In 2008 Thailand's total energy consumption was 80,971 ktoe and the net price of energy imported was up to 1,161 billion Baht which is equivalent to 12.8% of GDP at the current price. The energy consumption or energy demand has been growing at an annual compounded growth rate of 6.42% and the peak electric power demand and electricity consumption was recorded at 22,568 MW and 148,264 GWh and grew at a rate of 7.0% and 7.5% per annum during the period from 1989 to 2008. The gross agriculture production in 2008 was recorded at 135.4 Mt which represents agriculture residue for energy at 65.73 Mt, which is equivalent to energy potential of about 561.64 PJ or 13,292 ktoe an increase in average of 5.59% and 5.44% per year respectively. The agricultural residues can converted to 15,600 GWh/year or 1,780 MW of power capacity. So, if government sector plan to install small biomass gasification for electricity generation 200 kW for Community. The residue agricultural is available for 8,900 plants nationwide. The small biomass power generation for electricity generation not only to reduce the energy imports, it also makes the job and income for people in rural areas as well. This paper's aim is to report the energy situation in Thailand and has studied 5 main agricultural products with high residue energy potential namely sugarcane, paddy, oil palm, cassava, and maize appropriate for small electricity production. These agricultural products can be found planted in many rural areas throughout Thailand. Finally, discuss the situation, methods and policies which the government uses to promote small private power producers supplying electricity into the grid.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.453-460
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• 2018

원유 가격의 상승과 지구온난화로 인하여 재생 가능한 바이오매스를 이용하여 산업적으로 중요한 화합물을 생산하는 연구가 주목받고 있다. 특히, 3세대 바이오매스인 해조류는 비식량 자원, 높은 생산 수율, 온실가스 저감 등 장점을 가지고 있기에 연구 되어야 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 고체분석 방법을 이용하여 4종의 해조류 중에 미역이 가장 많은 당류를 함유하는 것을 확인하였다. 미역의 효과적인 전처리를 위해 반응표면분석법을 이용하였으며 이를 통해 고체의 부하 및 촉매의 농도 증가가 총 당의 추출률과 관계 있음을 확인하였다. 4종의 락토바실러스 균주에서 미역의 전처리물을 이용하여 젖산 생산 수행하였으며 L. alimentarius와 L. brevis가 해조류 이용한 젖산생산에 적합한 균주임을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.622-628
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 최근 목질계바이오매스를 원료로 한 수송용(transportation) 바이오연료의 국제적 상용화 기술의 흐름과 산업체 동향에 대하여 조사하였다. IEA, Bioenergy Task 39에서 집계한 수송용 바이오연료 관련 산업체에서 목질계 원료를 사용하는 산업체는 93개 업체였고, 그중에서 Commercial type의 산업체를 기준으로 생화학적 전환기술을 채택한 업체는 전체의 84%로 나타나 생화학적 전환공정이 목질계 바이오연료 분야의 주류 기술인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 생화학적 전환공정을 채택한 Commercial type 산업체의 주요 생산품은 바이오에탄올로서 연간 약 115만 5천 톤, 바이오오일은 약 12만 톤으로 전 세계의 수송용 연료에 혼입목표량을 대체하기에 매우 부족한 상황인 것으로 밝혀져 수송용 바이오연료 시장은 기술과 규모 면에서 기술개발과 상용화 노력이 더욱 요구됨이 시사되었다. 또한 pilot type의 산업체에서 생화학공정 및 열화학공정기술을 활용한 실험적 생산이 다수 진행되고 있어, 향후 목질계 원료에 의한 액체바이오연료 기술이 다양하게 실용화될 가능성이 큰 것으로 시사되었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.587-594
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• 2010

Hydrogen is an alternative fuel for the future energy which can reduce pollutants and greenhouse gases. Synthesis gas has played an important role of synthesizing the valuable chemical compounds, for example methanol, DME and GTL chemicals. Renewable biomass feedstocks can be potentially used for fuel and chemicals. Current thermal processing techniques such as fast pyrolysis, slow pyrolysis, and gasification tend to generate products with a large slate of compounds. Lignocellulose feedstocks such as forest residues are promising for the production of bio-oil and synthesis gas. Pyrolysis and gasification was investigated using thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and bubbling fluidized bed gasification reactor to utilize forest woody biomass. Most of the materials decomposed between $320^{\circ}C$ and $380^{\circ}C$ at heating rates of $5{\sim}20^{\circ}C$/min in thermogravimetric analysis. Bubbling fluidized bed reactor was used to study gasification characteristics, and the effects of reaction temperature, residence time and feedstocks on gas yields and selectivities were investigated. With increasing temperature from $750^{\circ}C$ to $850^{\circ}C$, the yield of char decreased, whereas the yield of gas increased. The gaseous products consisted of mostly CO, $CO_2$, $H_2$ and a small fraction of $C_1-C_4$ hydrocarbons.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.4024-4031
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• 2014

나노섬유의 경우 넓은 비표면적과 높은 공기투과도 등으로 인해 여러 분야에 폭넓게 활용될 것으로 기대되고 있다. 또한 석유화학 기반 고분자의 경우 가채연수 제한문제와 이산화탄소 배출에 의한 온실가스 유발문제로 인해 바이오매스 유래 고분자로의 패러다임의 전환이 절실히 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 목질계 셀를로오즈로부터 유래된 플랫폼 화합물 중 퓨란계 유도체인 2,5-furandicaboxylic acid와 ethylene glycol을 이용하여 이를 중합한 바이오매스 유래 PEF(polyethylene furoate)를 제조 및 이를 활용하여 전기방사법을 통해 나노섬유를 제조하고자 하였으며, 또한 전기방사 과정에서 사용된 용매와 고분자 용액의 농도, 전기장의 세기 등의 변수들이 섬유형상에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 고찰하고자 하였다. 결론적으로, PEF 15 wt%의 농도로 HFIP를 용매로 제조한 고분자 용액을 이용하여 약 200~700 nm의 나노섬유의 제조가 가능하였으며, 섬유의 직경은 인가된 전기장의 세기가 증가할수록 증가하였다.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2012년도 제44회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.235-237
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• 2012

Geodae-Uksae 1 is a variety of Miscanthus sacchariflorus recently discovered in Korea. It is being mass-cultivated for use as energy crop due to its superior productivity, as high as 30 ton/ha/yr for the dry mass. This study investigates the method of producing biochar and bio-oil from the crop using slow pyrolysis. Especially, the study focused on assessing the biochar properties for its application to soil to improve soil quality and sequestrate carbon. Using an electrically heated packed bed reactor, the products of slow pyrolysis from Geodae-Uksae 1 were produced over a temperature range of $300-700^{\circ}C$ with a heating rate of $10^{\circ}C/min$. The biochar, condensable vapor (bio-oil) and residual gases were characterized for the physical and chemical properties. It was concluded that the ideal temperature for pyrolysis to produce biochar is $500^{\circ}C$.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.577-583
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• 2017

A series of microwave waste tire pyrolysis experiments were conducted using a lab-scale batch reactor to delineate the effects of microwave ouput power on the pyrolysis behavior of waste tire. As results of experiments, it was found that as the microwave output power was increased from 1.22 kW/kg to 2.26 kW/kg, the reaction temperature and oil yield increased significantly and the required time and microwave power consumption decreased remarkably, respectively. With increased power consumption, the content of the fixed carbon of pyrolysis residue increased.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.340-345
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• 2005

A field experiment was conducted to assess the growth characteristics, seed and oil yield of two cultivars of soybean (G max (L.) Merr.) cv. PK-416 ($V_1$) and cv. PK-1024 ($V_2$) in relation to sulphur and nitrogen nutrition. Six combinations ($T_1-T_6$) of two levels of sulphur (0 and 40 kg $ha^{-1}$) and two levels of nitrogen (23.5 and 43.5 kg $ha^{-1}$) were applied to the two soybean cultivars as nutrients. Results indicated significant effect of sulphur and nitrogen, when applied together, on the growth characteristics, yield components, and seed and oil yield. Maximum response was observed with treatment $T_6$ (having 40 kg S and 43.5 kg N $ha^{-1}$). Seed and Oil yields were increased 90 and $102\%$ in $V_1$> and 104 and $123\%$ in $V_2$, respectively as compared to the control i.e. $T_1$ (having 0 kg S and 23.5 kg N $ha^{-1}$). Positive responses of S and N interaction on leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate and biomass production were also observed. The results obtained in these experiments clearly suggest that balanced and judicious application of nitrogen and sulphur can improve both seed and oil yield of soybean cultivars by enhancing their growth.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.1278-1284
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• 2016

Rhizopus chinensis cells immobilized on loofah (Luffa cylindrica) sponges were used to produce biodiesel via the transesterification of soybean oil. In whole-cell immobilization, loofah sponge is considered to be a superior alternative to conventional biomass carriers because of its biodegradable and renewable properties. During cell cultivation, Rhizopus chinensis mycelia can spontaneously and firmly adhere to the surface of loofah sponge particles. The optimal conditions for processing 9.65 g soybean oil at 40℃ and 180 rpm using a 3:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio were found to be 8% cell addition and 3-10% water content (depending on the oil's weight). Under optimal conditions, an over 90% methyl ester yield was achieved after the first reaction batch. The operational stability of immobilized Rhizopus chinensis cells was assayed utilizing a 1:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio, thus resulting in a 16.5-fold increase in half-life when compared with immobilized cells of the widely studied Rhizopus oryzae. These results suggest that transesterification of vegetable oil using Rhizopus chinensis whole cells immobilized onto loofah sponge is an effective approach for biodiesel production.