• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.760-767
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• 2016

Food waste (FW) has been recognized as a critical problem in Korea and many research was conducted to efficiently utilize or treat FW. Main purpose of this research was to evaluate a feasibility for producing fermented organic fertilizer with vegetable waste (VW). Three different organic materials (saw dust, coco peat, and waste mushroom media) were mixed with VW at the rate of 30, 40, 50% respectively. Total days of composting experiment were 35 days and each sub samples were collected at every 5 days from starting of composting. Result showed that inner temperature of composting was increased to $60{\pm}4^{\circ}C$ within 5~10 days depending on varied organic materials and mixing ratio. Among different treatment, the highest increase of inner temperature was observed when 30% of saw dust was mixed with VW. After finishing composting experiment, maturity of each compost was evaluated with solvita and germination test. Maturity index (MI) of each treatment was ranged between 5~7 indicating that manufactured fertilizer was curing or finished stage. Calculated germination index (GI) was at the range of 57.83~101.16 depending on organic materials and mixing ratio. Both MI and GI showed that manufactured fertilizer was met for fertilizer criteria while control (VW only) was not adequate for composting. Overall, VW can be utilized for making organic fertilizer mixing with saw dust, coco peat and more research should be conducted to make high quality of organic fertilizer with vegetable waste.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.II
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• pp.430-437
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• 2000

Fertilizer impaction mechanism was simulated using a commercial program RecurDyn$^{(R)}$ a dynamic program that could handle contact problems. Even if there had been numerous papers on modeling of fertilizer applicator, the performance predictions were not satisfactory due to simplification in modeling. The most significant simplification was assumption of fertilizer particles as a solid particle. The assumption would eliminate rotation of fertilizer particles during the impaction mechanism. However, impaction of rotating body would be different from that of a solid particle. This paper introduced how the impaction was modeled using RecurDyn$^{(R)}$. In order to simulate, restitution coefficient and contact time was measured. A stiffness coefficient and a damping coefficient of a fertilizer was theoretically estimated using the measured data. Validity of the simulation result was not proved yet, but judged to be promising.ged to be promising.ing.

• 청정기술
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2016

Field cultivation of corn and microbial cell viability tests using Pseudomonas putida K-5 were performed to assess the toxic effect of kelp seaweed biochar (KBC) and fir wood biochar (FBC) produced by pyrolysis. After 63 days growth, FBC increased corn growth by 4.9% without fertilizer and by 7.6% with fertilizer, while KBC decreased it by 20.2% without fertilizer and by 27.9% with fertilizer. Physico-chemical characterization of the biochars such as ICP, CHON, and proximate analyses showed that KBC contained large amount of metals and ashes which could be responsible for its inhibition to corn growth. Upon exposure of K-5 cells for 1 h to biochar extracts, the cell viability in KBC extracts was 48.2% and quite lower than that (78.6%) in FBC. Washed KBC biochar with water at 1:10 w/v % increased the cell viability to 54.0%. The results indicated that seaweed biochar may be careful to be used for plant growing additives due to its high concentrations of metals and ashes. This toxic effect could be reduced by proper washing method with water.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제42권Spc호
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• pp.1-3
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• 2009

은나노입자는 살균 효과 때문에 농업현장에서 사용되고 있다. 그러나 은나노입자가 토질에 미치는 영향에 대해서는 아직 많은 정보가 없다. 그러므로 비료가 처리 되었을 때 특히 토양에 은나노입자를 처리한 효과에 대한 검증이 반드시 필요하다. 가리계 비료를 모의 실험하기 위해서 토양에 염화가리를 은나노입자와 함께 처리하였다. 은과 염소의 농도는 처리 후 78 내지 84% 그리고 kg 당 3.4 mg 정도 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 그리고 은나노입자와 염화가리를 혼합하였을 때 미생물의 숫자가 증가하였다. 이러한 결과로부터 비료시용은 토양에서 은나노입자의 살생물 효과에 영향을 미친다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.129-132
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• 2001

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2004

축분 유기질 성분을 고형화된 막대 형태고 조형하여 작물 뿌리 주위에 관입하게 되면 작업과정의 단순화와 비효의 유실을 줄이고 비효 지속 기간을 연장 시키어 작물의 근계 발육에 매우 효과적일 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 연구는 화학 비료, 분말 형태의 유기질 비료와 막대형 유기질 비료의 비효를 비교하고 작육의 생장 형태를 분석하여 축분의 막대화에 따른 유기질 비료의 효과지속성을 측정하는데 목적을 두고 실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 분말형태의 축분 사용보다는 고형화된 막대형태의 유기질 축분이 비효의 유출을 줄이고 작물 지상부와 근계발달을 촉진시켜 유기질 비료 특유의 완효성 비효의 지속에 효과가 있다는 것이 증명되었다. 특히 멀칭 후에는 분말 형태의 축분 시비가 불가능하나, 이를 막대 형태로 고형화하여 작물 근계 주위에 관입하게 되면 작업과정의 단순화해지며, 수확 후에도 토양 비옥도를 지속적으로 유지 시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.727-734
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• 2009

This study was carried out to evaluate the high rate biological reactor such as lab scale reactor before the application in site, and to get the basic data for possibility using liquid fertilizer with the effluent from biological reactor when the centrifugal machine was applied. The total volume of this reactor in 6 L, in composted of anoxic reactor (2 L), aerobic reactor (2 L), and nitification reactor (2 L). BOD removal efficiency rates when centrifugal machine was applied after effluent from biological reactor are over than 95%. This biological reactor was required post process to satisfy the effluent standards, and was need centrifugal machine to control the washout of microbes in the reactor. T-N removal efficiency rate in HRT 24 hr with centrifugation is 80.0%, and it is desirable to operate less than $1.3kgN/m^3{\cdot}d$ for 70% of T-N removal efficiency rate. T-P removal efficiency rate in HRT 24 hr is 68.2%, and become higher 71.3% after centrifugation. Considering in the 28.6% T-N removal efficiency rate, the nitrogen contents of the effluent from reactor is 0.34% to satisfy the liquid fertilizer.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.588-597
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• 2017

Food waste has been recognized as a critical problem in Korea and many research was conducted to efficiently reutilize or treat food waste. Main purpose of this research was to evaluate a feasibility for producing fermented organic fertilizer with mixture of earthworm cast (EC). Four different treatments were mixed with food waste and EC at the rate of 0, 10, 20, and 30%, respectively. Total days of composting experiment were 84 days and each sub samples were collected at every 7 days from starting of composting. Results showed that inner temperature in composting was increased to $70{\pm}4^{\circ}C$ within 5~10 days depending on mixing ratio of EC. Among different treatment, the highest increase of inner temperature was observed in treatment mixed with food waste and EC 30%. After finishing composting experiment, maturity was evaluated with solvita and germination test. Maturity index (MI) of each treatment was ranged between 5~7 indicating that manufactured fertilizer was curing or finished stage. Calculated germination index (GI) was at the range of 104~116 depending on mixing ratio of EC. Both MI and GI showed that manufactured fertilizer was suitable for fertilizer criteria while control (FW only) was not adequate for composting. Overall, earthworm cast can be utilized for improving compost maturity by mixing with food waste and more research should be conducted to make high quality of food waste compost with earthworm cast in agricultural fields.

• BMB Reports
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.56-64
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• 2023

Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient required for plant growth and crop production. However, N in soil is usually insufficient for plant growth. Thus, chemical N fertilizer has been extensively used to increase crop production. Due to negative effects of N rich fertilizer on the environment, improving N usage has been a major issue in the field of plant science to achieve sustainable production of crops. For that reason, many efforts have been made to elucidate how plants regulate N uptake and utilization according to their surrounding habitat over the last 30 years. Here, we provide recent advances focusing on regulation of N uptake, allocation of N by N transporting system, and signaling pathway controlling N responses in plants.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2017

BACKGROUND: Tillage systems and fertilization play an important role in crop growth and soil improvement. This study was conducted to determine the effects of tillage and fertilization on the microbial biomass C and dehydrogenase activity of soils in a field under cultivation of soybean. METHODS AND RESULTS: An experimental plot, located in the temperate climate zone, was composed of two main sectors that were no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT), and they were subdivided into four plots, respectively, in accordance with types of fertilizers (non fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, hairy vetch, and liquid pig manure). Microbial biomass C and dehydrogenase activity were evaluated from May to July in 2016. The microbial biomass C and dehydrogenase activity of NT soils were significantly higher than those of CT in all fertilizer treatments, and they were further increased in hairy vetch treatment than the other fertilizer treatments in both NT and CT. The dehydrogenase activity was closely related to microbial biomass C. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that application of green manure combined with no-tillage can provide viable management practices for enhancing microbial properties of soil.