• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-24
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• 2004

Since dioxins became a serious concern in Korea, a significant number of investigations have been conducted to address diverse issues related to dioxins. However, the results have not been organized for ready access and use. The principal purposes of the work were to ⅰ) provide an archive of dioxin researches in Korea and ⅱ) give an overview of dioxin contamination. The focus of this work was placed on the contamination levels and characteristics concerning the waste incinerators emissions, environmental media, and biological samples(fishes/shellfishes, foods, and human body). Principal component analysis was conducted to identify common and/or unique features and the important variables associated with the congener patterns. From a comprehensive search of academic journals, research and monitoring project reports, dissertations, and periodicals of other forms, a total of 115 counts were found that met the purposes of this study. The contamination levels of various samples were summarized and compared to those reported in foreign literatures. The congener patterns varied largely with environmental media and distinguished particularly by OCDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF, and OCDF for the samples within the same media. The proximity to emission sources differentiated the congener patterns in air and soil samples by the fraction of OCDD.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.302-307
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• 2012

This study was carried out to elucidate residual characteristics of environment friendly agricultural material rotenone in chilli pepper and calculate processing factors by drying. The test material was sprayed twice onto chilli peppers at an interval of seven days and then the chilli peppers were harvested at 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after final spray. Limits of quantitation (LOQs) of rotenone in fresh and dried chilli peppers were 0.03 and 0.07 mg/kg, respectively. Recoveries of the test material in fresh and dried chilli peppers ranged from 89.52 to 97.86% and from 85.76 to 91.61%, respectively. As a results of residual material analysis, amounts of rotenone in fresh and dried chilli peppers ranged from 0.03 to 0.39 mg/kg and from 0.07 to 0.75 mg/kg, respectively, representing that the residual amounts of rotenone decreased time-coursely. Processing factors of rotenone in fresh chilli pepper by drying were found to be from 2.03 to 3.13, indicating that the residual concentration of rotenone in dried chilli pepper increased from two to three times by drying. However, the reduction factor of rotenone in fresh chilli pepper by drying ranged from 0.38 to 0.59, representing that some of rotenone in fresh chilli pepper disappeared during the drying process.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.441-452
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• 2011

This study was carried out to survey the residual characteristics of endocrine disruptor (ED)-suspected pesticides in greenhouse soils and assess their leachabilites to groundwater. Greenhouse soils were collected from 40 sites of greenhouse in 2008 in Korea. Sixteen ED-suspected pesticides which had been using in Korea, such as alachlor, benomyl, carbaryl, cypermethrin, 2,4-D, dicofol, endosulfan, fenvalerate, malathion, mancozeb, metribuzin, metiram, methomyl, parathion, trifluralin, and vinclozolin, in the soils, were analyzed by chromatographic methods using GLC-ECD and HPLC-DAD/FLD. Limits of detection (LODs) of the test pesticides ranged from 0.0004 to 0.005 mg/kg. Recoveries of the target pesticides from soil ranged from 72.69 to 115.28%. Four pesticides including cypermethrin were detected in the range of from 0.001 to 2.019 mg/kg, representing that their detection rate from greenhouse soils was 37.5%. The highest detection rate was observed from endosulfan which was detected from 16 site soils of the total samples, indicating that endosulfan is persistent in soil because of its very low mobility and high adsorption characteristics in soil. Based on the groundwater ubiquity scores (GUSs) of the pesticides detected from greenhouse soils, most of them have little possibilities of groundwater contamination except the fungicide vinclozolin with some leaching potential because of high water solubility and very low soil adsorption property.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.321-335
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• 2021

In 2020, a total of 12 bacterial strains were isolated from soil after a comprehensive investigation of indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea. It was determined that each strain belonged to independent and predefined bacterial species, with high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>98.7%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species. This study identified four families in the phylum Actinobacteria, two families in the phylum Proteobacteria, one family in the phylum Bacteroidetes one family in the phylum Firmicutes; and four species in the family Nocardiaceae, two species in the family Nocardioidaceae, one species in the family Cellulomonadaceae, one species in the family Hymenobacter, one species in the family Methylobacteriaceae, one species in the family Microbacteriaceae, one species in the family Bacillaceae and one species in the family Sphingomonadaceae. There is no official report of these 12 species in Korea, so they are described as unreported bacterial species in Korea in this study. Gram reaction, basic biochemical characteristics, colony, and cell morphology are included in the species description section.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.347-355
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• 2022

A fungal isolate belonging to the phylum Ascomycota was isolated and identified as Talaromyces veerkampii in 2017 during a survey of fungal diversity in field soils in Korea. This fungal isolate was identified and described based on macro- and micromorphological and molecular characterization. The identification was also based on partial 18S-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-28S rDNA and calmodulin (CaM)-encoding gene sequencing data. Talaromyces veerkampii has not been previously reported in Korea. Thus, we report here a newly discovered species from soil in Korea along with its morphological and molecular characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.276-281
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: Plastics that are used in our daily lives largely end up in the environment. In agricultural environments, plastic wastes and microplastics can be found due to the uses and improper management of plastic products (e.g., vinyl greenhouses and mulching vinyl). Microplastics can also interact with contaminants in the agricultural environment. Therefore, this study was set to investigate the sorption characteristics of tetracycline, one of widely used antibiotics, on microplastics. METHODS AND RESULTS: The sorption tests were carried out with the tetracycline solutions (0-30 mg L^-1) and microplastic films prepared from low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The residual tetracycline concentrations were analyzed and fitted to the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The tetracycline sorption patterns on LDPE and PVC films were described better with the Freundlich isotherm model than the Langmuir isotherm model. The isotherm model parameters suggested that the maximum sorption amount of tetracyline was greater for PVC, while the sorption affinity was greater for LDPE. CONCLUSION(S): Different types of microplastics can have different sorption characteristics of tetracycline. Therefore, there is a need for continuous research on the interaction of various types and shapes of microplastics and contaminants in the environment.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.489-496
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• 2014

Polygonatum is a genus placed in the family Liliaceae, distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere and 16 of the species are grown naturally in Korea. In oriental medicine, the rhizomes of Polygonatum have been used as two different medicines, Okjuk (Polygonati odorati Rhizoma) and Hwangjeong (Polygonati Rhizoma). However, it is difficult to identify the morphological and chemical differences between the medicinal groups and thus easy to confuse the one with the other. Therefore, a clear classification standard needs to be established so as to be able to discriminate between them. In the study, the morphological characteristics of the plants, Polygonatum spp., were examined. Then, the differences in SNPs among the DNA sequences of 7 of the Polygonatum spp. and 1 of the Disporum spp. were analyzed by DNA barcoding with rpoC1, rpoB2, matK, and psbA-trnH of the cpDNA region. In the results, three regions, rpoC1, rpoB2, and matK were useful for discriminating the species, P. stenophyllum and P. sibiricum. Furthermore, it was possible to discriminate the individual germplasm within the species by using the combination of the results obtained from rpoB2, rpoC1, and matK.

• Mycobiology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.195-201
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• 2012

During the investigation of Korean indigenous fungi from Seoul, three genera-Fuscoporia, Porostereum, and Trametopsis, and four species-Fuscoporia senex, Phlebia acerina, Porostereum spadiceum, and Trametopsis cervina were found. Their morphological characteristics were examined and their identification was confirmed by molecular analysis based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA region sequences. These fungi are new to Korea and registered here with descriptions.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.87-92
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• 2016

With the population growth and industrialization, the characteristics of discharged waste water and sewage have become more diverse. The removal of phosphorus (P) in the wastewater is essential for the prevention of eutrophication in the river and stream. This study was performed in order to estimate the field application of the Bacillus sp. 3434 BRRJ. Bacillus sp. 3434 BRRJ was cultured in the raw wastewater and synthetic medium at the 5 L reactor. The best optimum conditions for P removal by Bacillus sp. 3434BRRJ in the synthetic medium at the 5 L reactor were as follows: temperature, $30^{\circ}C$; P concentration, 20 mg/L; carbon sources, glucose + acetate (1:1); oxygen concentration, alternatively anaerobic and aerobic conditions. P removal efficiency under the optimum condition was 89.4%. In case of wastewater, P removal efficiency was 95.5% under controlled at $30^{\circ}C$. Through this study we confirmed that P removal by Bacillus sp. 3434BRRJ in case of wastewater was as effective as the synthetic medium. It is considered that Bacillus sp. 3434 BRRJ can be applied to the treatment of wastewater in order to biologically remove P from the wastewater on a large scale.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2016

This study was carried out to survey residual characteristics of pesticide in fresh ginsengs collected from 45 markets at 15 regions in Korea using multiresidue analysis with a GC-MS/MS and an LC-MS/MS. After residue analysis was performed, the pesticides detected from ginsengs were quantitated using their analytical methods validated by recovery tests with a GC-ECD/NPD. As a results of analysis of pesticide residue, cypermethrin, fenitrothion, fludioxonil, thifluzamide, and tolclofos-methyl were detected from 16 samples among 45 samples in total, indicating detection rate was 35.6%. Tolclofos-methyl was found to be highest in detection frequency in ginseng. Fenitrothion that has not established maximum residue limit and pre-harvest interval for ginseng was detected. The amounts of all pesticides detected were less than their MRLs. Ratios of estimated daily intakes to acceptable daily intakes of the detected pesticides in ginseng were found to be from 0.03 to 16.67%.