• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2016

The first study on chemical constituents and biological activities of Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels (Rutaceae) growing in Vietnam has been done. Phytochemical investigation of n-hexane extract led to the isolation of five compounds: dihydroindicolactone (1), 8-geranyloxy psoralen (2), imperatorin (3), heraclenol (4) and indicolactone (5), in which this is the first report on the presence of dihydroindicolactone (1). Their structures were elucidated based on LC/MS/NMR hyphenated techniques as well as comparison with those of literature data. The n-hexane extract and its subfractions, ethanol 95% extract and several isolated compounds were evaluated for antifungal activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.823-831
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• 2015

Evaluation of biological activity and analysis of functional constituents from water and ethanol extracts of four different parts of mulberry (Morus alba L.) tree were carried out to develop functional ingredients and foods using extracts of mulberry tree. The water and ethanol extracts of four different parts of mulberry tree were prepared and their biological activities and functional constituents determined by in vitro assays and HPLC, respectively. In general, ethanol extracts showed stronger biological activities and higher functional constituents than water extracts. Ethanol extracts of mulberry fruit, root bark, and twig showed stronger antioxidant ($IC_{50}=128.4{\mu}g/mL$), ${\alpha}$-glucosidase ($IC_{50}=12.0{\mu}g/mL$), and lipoxygenase ($IC_{50}=36.3{\mu}g/mL$) and tyrosinase ($IC_{50}=410.3{\mu}g/mL$) inhibitory activities, respectively, than those of other parts. Mulberry fruit and leaf showed the highest contents of anthocyanin (cyanidin 3-glucoside: 213.20 mg/100 g) and chlorogenic acid (514.97 mg/100 g), and especially ethanol extract of mulberry leaf contained higher quercetin 3-O-(6-O-malonyl)glucoside (143.25 mg/100 g) and kaempferol 3-O-(6-O-malonyl)glucoside (30.25 mg/100 g) contents without water extract of mulberry leaf. Meanwhile, mulberry twig contained both oxyresveratrol glycoside (48.90 mg/100 g) and its aglycone (21.88 mg/100 g), whereas mulberry root bark contained mostly oxyresveratrol glycoside (724.05 mg/100 g). Additionally, mulberry root bark and leaf contained much higher ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (223.90 mg/100 g) and 1-deoxynojirimycin (86.07 mg/100 g) contents, respectively, than other parts of mulberry tree. These results suggest that high quality processed foods and functional foods using mixtures of mulberry fruits, leaves, twigs, and root barks should be developed for prevention and inhibition of several pathological disorders.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.196-206
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• 1996

In order to characterize the chemical change, of the constituents and pharmacological transformation of Glycyrrhizae Radix(GR) which may occur during its processing, processed GR has been investigated in comparison with unprocessed GR. It was found that glycyrrhizin(GL) and other several constituents contained in GR were remarkably changed by processing, and the decrease of contents of GL was identified by making use of thin layer chromatography-chromatoscanner. And also, it was found that glycyrrhetic acid (GA) was identified from processed GR. We recognized that commonly processed GR showed less hemolytic effect than unprocessed GR and processed GR at $190{\circ}c$. It was also found that commonly processed GR showed more effective analgesic effect and prolonged the duration of hypnosis induced by pentobarbital-Na in mice as compared with corresponding unprocessed GR and processed GR at $190{\circ}c$. And then, commonly processed GR significantly suppressed the increases of s-GOT, s-GPT and s-LDH activities in injured mice induced by $CCl_4$.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.90-109
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• 1999

Many plant species are used in Malaysia in folk medicine for the treatment of cancer. This paper presents some of these species with details on other ethnopharmacological uses, the known bioactivities and some chemical constituents of each of the species given. It is normal practice in traditional medicine that one species of plant is used to treat various ailments. Thus the plant species listed are all used to treat cancer but have various other ethnophrmacological uses as well, some with few other uses and rest with many other uses. Information on bioactivities of each species resulting from tests on human and experimental animals are also given. Proven bioactivities give strength to ethnopharmacological claims on the efficacies of plant resources in the treatment of cancer and various other ailments but will but will not necessarily lead to the production of new pharmaceutical drugs. Many of the known chemical constituents of each species are given. This shows the richness and variety of chemicals containes in each of the species listed, The chemicals listed may or may not prove to be important in the pharmaceutical sciences but is an indication of what each species contatin in thrms of plant chemicals, It is a well known fact that many of the pharmaceutical prescriptions in present day use are of plant origin and semi-synthetic or fully synthetic chemicals produced using knowledge gained from studies of phytochemicals. Thus the paper presented will give useful information and also shows the richness of plant species that have high potentials for the development of anti-cancer resources from plants in Malaysia.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.69-73
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• 2004

Continuation of a phytochemical study of Cichorium intybus L. (Astraceae) growing in Egypt, resulted in the isolation and identification of a new sesquiterpene lactone 3,4-dihydrolactucin, in addition to the eight known compounds; kaempferol, isoscutellarin, cichoriin, umbelliferone, lupeol, lupeol acetate, ${\beta}-sitosterol$, and ${\beta}-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside$. Chemical structures of the isolated compounds were assigned based on different physical, chemical, and spectroscopic techniques including IR, UV, MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR spectra. Furthermore, the antimicrobial, and spasmogenic activities of some fractions and isolates were also assessed.

• CELLMED
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.28.1-28.7
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• 2013

Careya arborea Roxb. (Lecythidaceae) is a significant medicinal plant known as kumbhi in Ayurveda. Though, most of the plant parts are used in traditional systems of medicine, bark and leaves constitute the important medicinal parts. The present review gives an account of the updated information on its phytochemical and pharmacological properties. The review reveals that numerous phytochemical constituents have been isolated from the plant possessing hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticoagulant, analgesic, antidiarrhoeal and various other important activities. Leaves are used in filaria, colic, loose motions and ulcers. Bark is used as an antipyretic, abortifacient, antipruritic and in smallpox, urinary discharges and rheumatic pain. Since last few decades, extensive exploration has been done to establish the biological activities and pharmacology of the extracts and plentiful chemical constituents including flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids and many other have been isolated.

• BMB Reports
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.475-483
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• 1998

Many antibiotics contain partially deoxygenated sugar components that are usually essential for biological activity, affinity, structural stability, and solubility of antibiotics. Gene probes of the biosynthetic genes related with the deoxysugar were obtained from PCR. Primers were designed from the conserved peptide sequences of the known dTDP-D-glucose 4,6-dehydratases, which are the key step enzymes in the biosynthesis of deoxysugar. The primers were applied to amplify parts of dehydratase genes to 27 actinomycetes that produce the metabolites containing deoxysugar as structural constituents. About 180 and 340 bp DNA fragments from all of the actinomycetes were produced by PCR and analyzed by Southern blot and DNA sequencing. The PCR products were used as gene probes to clone the biosynthetic gene clusters for the antibiotic mithramycin, rubradirin, spectinomycin, and elaiophyrin. This method should allow for detecting of the biosynthetic gene clusters of a vast array of secondary metabolites isolated from actinomycetes because of the widespread existence of deoxysugar constituents in secondary metabolites.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.197.1-197.1
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• 2003

To investigate biological active constituents from natural products, we have studied the roots of Angelica koreana Max. (Umbelliferae). Fifteen compounds were isolated from the MeOH extract by column chromatography on a silica gel. The compounds were identified as isoimperatorin, oxypeucedanin, oxypeucedanin hydrate, osthol, nodakenin, 2-hydroxy-4-methylacetophenone, cimifugin, falcarindiol, heraclenin, pabulenol, umbelliferone, demethylsuberosin, hamaudol, sec-O-glucosylhamaudol, and prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, respectivelv, by spectroscopic means. Among these, the latter eight compounds were isolated for the first time form this plant.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.55-58
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• 2005

Sophorolipid was produced by Candida bombicola ATCC 22214 from soybean dark oil, a byproduct of soybean oil processing. With a fed-batch culture of C. bombicola for 7 days, 90 g/l of sophorolipid was obtained. The CMC (critical micelle concentration) and minimum surface tension of the sophorolipid in aqueous solution were found to be 150 mg/l and 48 mN/m, respectively. The dispersion capability of sophorolipid was higher than that of the chemical surfactants such as SDS and Brij30. The molar solubility ratio (MSR) of 4-methylnaphthalene was 0.2. Linoleic and oleic acids were the main constituents of the fatty acid composition of the sophorolipid. The sophorolipid showed antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acne and Bacillus subtilis.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 2008

Sesamol, one of constituents isolated from sesame seed (Sesamum indicum L.) has been known to have natural antioxidant property. Nicotinic acid and clofibric acid have been used for treatment of hyperlipidemia. Sesamol derivatives prepared by conjugation with nicotinic acid (SJ-301) and clofibric acid (SJ-302) were expected to have various biological activity caused by synergistic effect of sesamol. Thus, this study were carried out to investigate the synthesis of sesamol derivatives from seasamol and antihyperlipidemia drugs and their biological activities. As a result, SJ-301 showed a stronger antihyperlipidemia activity in vivo and inhibitory effect on $TNF-{\alpha}$ release in vitro compared to the original agents such as sesamol, nicotinic acid and clofibric acid.