• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.327-332
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• 2008

To determine structure and activities of microbial communities in a food wastewater treatment system, biofilm of RABC (rotating activated Bacillus contactor) and samples of aeration tanks were analyzed. Heterotrophic bacterial concentrations were similar between biofilm and stage 1 aeration tank and decreased 2-log at stage 3 aeration tank as dissolved oxygen decreased, however portions of Bacillus groups were increased at stage 3 aeration tank. It was revealed by quantitative and qualitative analysis of metabolic fingerprinting patterns of Biolog GN2 plate that RABC represented much higher activities and a different microbial community structure compared to aeration tanks. Metabolic fingerprinting showed the carbon sources that isolated Bacillus groups could or could not use, were used similarly meaning that not only Bacillus groups but also other microbial groups would contribute to the treatment of wastewater.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.1331-1335
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• 2000

The WL6 strain isolated from Kimchi could not be made scientific name because it was identified as three species, i.e., Leuconostoc mesenternides ssp cremoris, Leu. mesenteroides ssp. dextranicum or Lactobacillus bifermentans when it was tested by API kit or Biolog system methods. The unidentifiable WL6 strain was finally reclassified as Lactobacillus bifermentans by genetic identification using two PCR-based specific sequence primer sets which were originated from homologous pepN and 16S rRNA genes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.43.2-44
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• 2002

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.6 s.67
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• pp.891-894
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• 2004

The effect of pipe materials on biofilm communities were investigated by CLPP (community level physiology profile) using Biolog GN plates. Heterotrophic bacterial concentrations were $10^4\;-\;10^6\;CFU/cm^2$ and there was no differences between galvanized iron and carbon steel. Average optical density of Biolog plate was similar between two pipe materials. However, CLPP was different according to the type of pipe materials and exposed times to tap water, and CLPP was independent of bacterial concentration. This represents the differences of bacterial communities with pipes and water contact times.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.767-779
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• 2015

soil microbial activities and diversities in a newly reclaimed soil. Soil chemical properties, population of microbe, microbial biomass, and properties of microbial community were investigated under 4 different treatment (animal manure compost+green manure, chemical fertilizer, and without fertilizer). The experiment was conducted for 3 years from 2012 to 2014. The most of chemical properties in the animal manure compost+green manure treatment were increased continually compare to chemical fertilizer and without fertilizer. The population of bacteria and fungi were higher in the animal manure compost+green manure treatment, however, there was no difference on actinomyces. Soil microbial biomass C content was higher in the animal manure compost+green manure treatment than in chemical fertilizer and without fertilizer. Biolog examination showed that catabolic diversities of bacterial communities were higher in the treatment of animal manure compost+green manure. It was showed that principle component analysis of the Biolog data differentiated the organic matter amended soils from NPK and control. These results indicated that application of animal manure compost+green manure had a beneficial effect on soil microbial properties.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.158-167
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• 2016

A pathogen that causes a new disease on green pumpkin in the nursery and the field was characterized and identified. Symptoms of the disease on green pumpkin were water soaking lesions and spots with strong yellow halo on leaf, brown lesion on flower, and yellow spot on fruit. The bacterial isolates from the leaf spot were pathogenic on the 8 curcubitaceae crop plants, green pumpkin, figleaf gourd, wax gourd, young pumpkin, zucchini, cucumber, melon, and oriental melon, whereas they did not cause the disease on sweet pumpkin and watermelon. They were Gram-negative, rod shape with polar flagella, fluorescent on King's B agar and LOPAT group 1a by LOPAT test. Their Biolog substrate utilization patterns were similar to Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae's in Biolog database. Phylogenetic trees with 16S rRNA gene sequences and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) with nucleotide sequences of 4 housekeeping genes, gapA, gltA, gyrB, rpoD and those of P. syringae complex strains in the Plant Associated and Environmental Microbes Database (PAMDB) showed that the green pumpkin isolates formed in the same clade with P. syringae pv. syringae strains. The clade in MLST tree was in the genomospecies 1 group. The phenotypic and genotypic characteristics suggested that the isolates from green pumpkin lesion were P. syringae pv. syringae.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.118-125
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• 2008

Diverse organic amendments available in local areas have been used to improve soil quality in red pepper field and so the need for investigating the soil chemical and biological properties changed by the organic amendments application is increasing. Soil microbial diversities were measured by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) and Biolog $EcoPlate^{TM}$. Compost was most effective for improving soil chemical properties including pH, EC, total nitrogen, P, K, and Ca, and bark increased soil organic matter significantly (P=0.05). Compost increased the fatty acids indicating actinomycetes and vascular arbuscular fungi, and ratio of cy19:0/18:1w7c and monounsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids in soils in PLFA analysis. Bark increased soil fungal indicators in PLFA analysis (P=0.05). Principal component analysis of Biolog EcoPlate data and PLFA differentiated the compost- and bark-amended soils from other organic matteramended soils especially the soil incorporated with compost. More researches are needed to use bark for improving soil microbial properties because the soil chemical and microbiological properties caused by compost and bark are significantly different.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.115-118
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• 2006

In February of 2000-2001, the gray mold disease occurred on nephrolepis (Nephrolepis sp.) grown in a flower nursery farm in Suwen, Korea. Typical symptoms were water-soaked brown or blackish lesions on terminal leaf blades. Severely infected leaves were entirely blighted with grayish fungal mycelia formed on the surface. Conidia of the fungus in mass were hyaline or gray, 1-celled, mostly ellipsoid or ovoid and $13.5{\sim}16.9{\times}6.8{\sim}9.2{\mu}m$ in size. Conidiophores were formed on PDA with $8.7{\sim}11.1{\mu}m$ in width. The sclerotia were readily formed within 2 or 3 days on PDA. In addition, the Biolog database gave the causal fungus a high similarity to Botrytis cinerea (78%) with a match probability of 100%. Pathogenicity of the causal organism was proved according to Koch's postulate. The causal organism was identified as Eotrytis cinerea based on its mycological characteristics and utilization of carbon sources with Biolog system as supporting data. This is the first report of gray mold of nephrolepis caused by Botrytis cinerea in Korea.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2010

The binding affinity constants ($p(Od)_{50}$) and molecular docking scores (OS) between porcine odorant binding proteins pOBP (1HQP) and pPBP (1GM6) as receptor and a series of tetrahydrofuran-2-yl (A & B) analogues as substrate, and their interactions were discussed quantitatively using three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (30-QSAR) models. The statistical qualities of the optimized CoMF A models for pOBP were better than those of the CoMSIA models. The binding affinity constants and OS between substrate and receptor molecules were dependent upon steric and hydrophobic interaction. The DS constants of the substrates into the binding site of OBP (1HQP) were bigger than those of PBP (1GM6). The resulting contour maps produced by the optimized CoMFA model were used to identify the structural features relevant to the binding affinity in binding site of pOBP.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.68-74
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• 1997

One hundred and eighty two lactic acid bacteria, isolated mainly from kimchi, including reference strains were examined for their ability to utilize 95 carbon sources. The test strains were assigned to 5 major, 1 minor and 12 single-membered clusters based on the $S_{SM}$, UPGMA algorithm (at similarity of $80{\%}$). These aggregate clusters were equivalent to the genus Leuconostoc (aggregate cluster M and N), the genus Lactobacillus (aggregate cluster Q and R), and the genera Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc (aggregate cluster O and P) according to the database of the Biolog system. This study demonstrates that rapid identification and classification of isolates originating from kimchi can be achieved on the basis of such carbon source utilization tests.