• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.96-96
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• 2020

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.59-68
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• 1989

This study was performed employing the two stage aerated submerged biofilter of media pore size 1.5cm and 2cm, and infiuent substrate concentrations were 30.25mg COD/l, 50.1mg COD/l respectively. The purpose was to determine the treatment efficiency at the low concentration infiuent, reaction order and substrate flux with application of variable-order model that was presented by Rittmann and McCarty. . The results are as follows. 1. Treatment efficiency of 1st reactor was about BOD 82% and COD 76%, when effluent concentration was BOD 3.9 ~ 6.8, COD 7.1 ~ 12.5 mg/l, and this effluent concentration didn't satisfy the water quality grade I, II of river and lake. But as treated effluent of 1st reactor with 2nd reactor, we could achieve appropriate water quality, since instillation of 2nd reactor was needed. 2. Difference of media pore size between 1.5cm and 2cm didn't effect significantly to treatment efficiency and since this of 2nd reactor was about BOD 60%, COD 50%, an consideration of economic point of view should be carried out in field application. 3. Reaction order and substrate flux was varied 0.9851~0.9956 and 0.0028~0.0405 mg/$cm^{2} \cdot day$, and the substrate flux was increased as infiuent substrate concentration increased.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 2006

Soil biofiltration is an environmentally-sound technology for elimination of VOCs, odorous and NOx compounds from a low concentration, high volume waste gas streams because of its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. This study was performed to evaluate effect of removal of gaseous NOx using a soil and a yellow soil. Over $60\%\;and\;48\%$ of NOx from a soil and a yellow soil was removed at the inlet NO concentrations of $423\~451$ppb, respectively. The bio-filter using a soil media was capable of purifying NOx with a different natural processes. Although some of the processes are quite complex, they can broadly be summarized as adsorption into soil pore water, and biochemical transformations by soil bacteria. When the filteration bio-reactor was applied to a soil and a yellow soil, effective NOx removal was obtained for several times and months. These results show that a soil biofilter can be of use as an alternative advanced NOx treatment system.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.384-387
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• 2003

We measured the inlet concentration of odorous gases from the food-waste composting facility for 90 days. In consequence of this survey, we ascertained that the gaseous concentration was detected $10{\sim}100ppm$ in operating time, but $0{\sim}10ppm$ in a shutdown of the facility. The initial removal efficiency of this biofilter was roughly represented 80%, however, 90% before and after twenty days. We have thought that this biofilter accomplished the treatment of those odorous gases effectively, because the pressure-drop was not exceeded a value of $20mmH_2O$ after 90 days.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.247-251
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• 2005

This research was performed for developing of biological treatment process of odor gas such as MEK, $H_{2}S$, and toluene, which is generated from the food waste recycling process. To establish the operational conditions of odor gas removal by small-scale biofiltration equipment, it was continuously operated by using toluene as a treating odor object. When the odor treating microorganisms were adhered to fibril form biofilter, high removal efficiency over 93% was obtained by biofilm formation. At 400 ppm of inlet odor gas concentration and 10 sec of retention time, the removal efficiency was 76% and 93% in 1st stage reactor and 2nd stage reactor, respectively. However, the removal efficiency remained over 97% at the operational conditions above 15 sec of retention time.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.511-515
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• 2001

In this paper, we development and operated a two-stage continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR)/trickling biofilter(TBF)system for the long-term continuous treatment of trichloroethylene (TCE) using Burkholderia cepacia G4. In this reactor system. CDTR with cell recycle from TBF was coupled to the TBF for the reactivation of the cells deactivated during TCE degradation. The critical elimination capacity was determined to be 25.3 mg TCE/L day and the reactor has been stably operated for more than 1 months, which clearly represented that CSTR/TBF system can be used for long-term treatment of TCE.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.85-94
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• 2006

The effects of turning frequency of in-vessel composting on ammonia emissions during composting of separated solids from swine slurry/sawdust mixtures and performance of biofiltration using the chicken manure compost were investigated. Separated solids from swine manure amended with sawdust was composted in a 226 L laboratory-scale in-vessel reactors under various turning frequency and continuous airflow (0.6 L/min.kg.dm) for three weeks. Three laboratory-scale manure compost biofilters were built to treat effluent gas from the composting of separated solid from swine manure amened with sawdust process. These experiments were continued over a period of three weeks. The composting of separated solid swine manure amended with sawdust and manure compost biofiltration system were evaluated to determine the turning frequency type that would be adequate for the rate of decomposition and compost odour reduction. The compost odour cleaning was measured based on ammonia gas concentration before and after passing through the manure compost biofilter. The average ammonia odor reduction in the manure compost biofilter was 96.9 % at R1 (no turning), 99.4 % at R2(once a day turning) and 89.0 % at R3(twice a day turning), respectively. The efficiency of ammonia reduction was mainly influenced by the turning frequency.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.44-58
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• 1998

This study was carried out to bleach the Oakwood kraft pulp without the elemental chlorine using the xylanase or wastewater(We : wastewater enzymes) effluented from the submerged biofilter reactor containing the fungi, Phanerorhaete sordida YK-624. So in this research, the proper treatment conditions (pH, temperature, dosage and time) were investigated respectively. And after the various kinds of multistage bleaching of pulps, the properties of pulps were tested. From the experimental results, we can conclude as follows. In the treatments of Oakwood kraft pulps with xylanase, the proper pH, temperature, enzyme dosage and time were 8.0, $35^{\circ}C$ , 400 EXU/kg and 1 hr. respectively. And in the case of treatment with a wastewater(We) effluented from the submerged biofilter reactor, the proper pH, temperature and time were 5.5, $37^{\circ}C$ and 2 hr. respectively. On the other hand, Oakwood kraft pulps were bleached by the method of a multistage bleaching using xylanase or We instead of elemental chlorine Consequently the strengthes and brightnesses of pulps bleached by the method mentioned above were lower than those of pulp bleached by the conventional method using the elemental chlorine. But it is possible to improve the brightnesses through the increase of chlorine dioxide dosage or use of hydrogen peroxide in the final bleaching stage.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.456-462
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• 2005

The objective of this study was to develop a removal process by which $H_2S$ could be biologically removed from the odoriferous gases generated in the waste food recycling process. In order to develop this process we were first required to select a proper biofilter support protocol. When the selected biofilter equipment was then tested suing a synthetic odoriferous gas containing 600 ppm of $H_2S$, we noted a maximal removal rate of 658 $g-H_2S/m^3{\cdot}hr$, using polypropylene fibrils as supporting materials. Under identical experimental conditions, we obtained a value of 411.2 $g-H_2S/m^3{\cdot}hr$, using polyurethane as a support material. We also conducted a trial in which volcanic stone was utilized as a support material, and in this trial, we logged a maximal 105.1 $g-H_2S/m^3{\cdot}hr$ removal rate. As the result of our experiments, we concluded that polypropylene fibrils constituted the ideal material for the removal of $H_2S$ gas via biological treatment.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.363-369
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• 2011

Total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) removal efficiencies of a sand filter (SF), polystyrene microbead filter (PF), and Kaldnes bead filter (KF) media were evaluated under ammonia loading rates of 5, 25, and 50 g $m^{-3}day^{-1}$. The volume of each filter media tested was 7 L, and the water flow rate for all filter media was 24 L/min. The specific surface areas of the SF, PF, and KF were 7,836, 3,287, and 500 $m^2/m^3$, respectively. Sand was fluidized and the other two media were trickle filtered. The volumetric TAN removal rate increased with increasing ammonia loading rate for all filter media. Mean volumetric TAN removal rates under the ammonia loading rates of 5, 25, and 50 g $m^{-3}day^{-1}$ in SF (39.3, 168.6, and 322.7 g $m^{-3}day^{-1}$, respectively) were higher than those in PF (35.0, 157.4, and 310.5 g $m^{-3}day^{-1}$, respectively) and KF (32.1, 142.5, and 288.1 g $m^{-3}day^{-1}$, respectively). These results were related to differences in the specific surface areas of the filter media. PF was the most economic media for efficiently removing TAN.