• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.201-209
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible causal factors of obesity in women with child-bearing experiences in effects to provide optimal information for the prevention and/or treatment of obesity. Sventy one women with child-bearing experiences were divided into five groups based on the degree of obesity by BROCA method ; normal weight, overweight, and obesity which was further divided into three groups of light, moderate, and sever obesity. Various anthropomnetric measurements, overall eating habits, and dietery intakes were asessed for each groups. Out of eighteen anthropometric factors asociated with obesity, thirteen measurements were represented to be valid for the diagnosis of obesity. Body fat % which was analyzed by Bioelectrical Impedance fatnee Analyzer were 24.765, 28.05%, and 29.85 for normal, overweight, and obesity group respectively. WHR(waister to hip ratio) or BMI(body mass index) widely used index was also resulted to be valid as a predictor of obesity. Waist circumference which represents abdominal fat mass showed a good correlatin with body fat%. The analysis of dietary intakes suggested that the overintakes of total calorie may not be the only causal factor of obesity, rather the amount of daily protein, fat and carbohydrate intakes or the physical activity level would be more closely related with the prevalence of obesity. Further investigation considering more variety of food composition of diet and the activity level involving larger number of subjects would be needed.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.899-907
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• 1996

This study was conducted to examine how Korean women mange energy metabolism during lactation. Eighteen women recruited were healthy, had normal pregnancies and were required to breast-feed their babies exclusively for at least 12wks. During the study period, all subjects were visited and interviewed five times : 3d, 9d, 4wk, 8wk, and 12wk lactation. Body composition variables were analyzed by a bioelectrical impedance method, energy intakes were assessed by using the inventory-weighing method, energy expenditure were determined by recording daily activities, and milk energy output was investigated from the amount of milk production and the gross energy content of milk. The subjects consumed less energy than current recommended allowance all over the study period, but compatible with fairly adequate lactational performance. They responded the additional energy stress of lactation by enhancing metabolic efficiency, increasing energy intakes, reduction physical activities and mobilizing body reserves. Another finding in this study was that the reduction in body fat-free mass may be the one way that women meet the energy demands of lactation like the reduction in body fat mass. The results from this study suggest that current recommended additional energy need during lactation, 2.09MJ/d(500kcal/d), is too high for healthy Korean women. Our data also indicate that the changes of body composition and energy balance at earlier postpartum are extremely different from those at later periods.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2009

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oriental treatment on pediatric overweight and obesity. Methods From the December 2006 to the May 2008, 19 children were treated of obesity control in J Korean Hospital, electrolipolysis, auricular acupuncture was done 2 times per week for 4 weeks with the consulting of diet and exercise. Nine children were treated for 9 weeks. We checked the change of weight at treatment time and the body composition measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA) per 2 weeks. Results After 4 weeks treatment, the weight loss was 2.67${\pm}$1.75kg. And after 9 weeks treatment, the weight loss of 9 children was 5.91${\pm}$2.73kg. Total fat mass measured by BIA significantly decreased 2.38${\pm}$1.19kg after 4 weeks. BMI and the weight loss of children were significantly correlated. After 4 weeks treatment the BMI significantly decreased 1.43${\pm}$0.89kg/m$^2$. After 8 weeks treatment the BMI of 9 children significantly decreased 3.31${\pm}$1.47kg/m$^2$. Conclusions The pediatric obesity could be effective treated by herdal medicine and electroacupuncture.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2009

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of oriental medical therapy on obesity and the progress of weight loss through an oriental obesity program. Methods The subjects were treated from January 2008 to February 2009 in J Korean Medical Hospital. Herbal medical Hospital. Herbal medicine, electrolipolysis, auricular acupuncture were performed during the treatment period. We checked the change of weight every treatment time and measured the body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA) every 2 weeks. Results The progress of weight loss was steady in the first 4 weeks except for the sixth weight check. After 4 weeks treatment, the weight loss was 3.52${\pm}$1.98Kg and 4.83${\pm}$2.68%. Total fat mass measured by BIA significantly decreased 2.58${\pm}$1.30Kg after 4 weeks. Age and the weight loss were significantly negative correlated. Conclusions Oriental obesity treatment could be effective on obesity, but further studies would be needed for the foundation of a clinical guideline reflecting various factors.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.189-202
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• 2011

Objectives : The objective of the review was to research related to Bangpungtongseong-san(Bofutsusho-san) in oriental medicine in South Korea. Methods : Oriental medicine advanced searching integrated system(OASIS), 4 Korean medical databases and 5 Korean medical journals were searched by using search terms as Bangpungtongseong-san or Bofutsusho-san. In order to see detail review, we classified all the searched studies into types, methods, purposes, outcome measures and main conclusions. Results : We found out total thirty one studies. There were seventeen experimental studies, four clinical studies, seven case reports and three literature reviews. The main thesis were related to metabolic syndrome, including obesity, hyperlipidemia and hypertension, etc. The studies about the safety and toxicity concluded Bangpungtongseong-san did not seem to affect toxicity. In the outcome measure, body mass index, serum biochemical analysis, cell study, abdominal computed tomography(CT) and bioelectrical impedance analysis were used. Conclusions : To improve more objective and continuous research in oriental medicine, further rigorous clinical trials using herbal medicines should be performed.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.183-194
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• 2001

Purpose : This Study was conducted to find out whether Gwakhyangjunggi-san gamibang has effects on obesity. Method : Before and after medication, we measured height, weight, Bioelectrical Impedance and calculate BMI, and obesity index from 9 obese children who participated in '2001 the 2nd Hur-jun children contest' sponsored by Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center and compared them. Results and Conclusions : 1) After medication, there was reduction of weight, but it has no statistical significance. 2) After medication, there was statistical significant reduction of BMI, obesity index. 3) After medication, there was statistical significant reduction of total fat weight and the percentage of body fat, and significant increase of muscle mass. As above statement, Gwakhyangjunggi-san gamibang has effects on obesity with significant and it is considered that additional and complement study is needed.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to predict measuring site suited for abdominal skin fold thickness (ASFT) by measuring the distribution of abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness (AScFT) and ascertain the correlations among obesity indicators. Methods: The size of analysis materials was 124 secondary data measured by ultrasonic device, bioelectrical impedance analyzer and caliper. Data were analyzed using t-test, and Pearson's correlation. Results: The average of AScFT was 10.63± 6.79mm with its range 1.39-36.16 mm, and AScFT of female and of central parts were thicker than those of male and outer parts in the abdomen. The average of ASFT was 29.26±12.59 mm. Site 5 on Figure 1 was most similar to the average of AScFT in both sexes. Body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR) were 23.65±3.98 and 0.88±0.05 respectively. The body weight, BMI, WHR, visceral fat, ASFT vs AScFT revealed in significant correlation (r= .29, r= .55, r= .39, r= .33. r= .29). Conclusion: BMI and WHR seem more useful than other obesity indicators, when obesity control is necessary for Type 2 diabetes patients. Site 5 on Figure 1 is most suitable site to measure ASFT.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was carried out to evaluate the difference of body mass index(BMI) distribution and the difference of effect of weight reduction program among Sasang constitution. Methods : Sasang constitution was differentiated by QSCC II of 875 cases. Body composition was analysed by bioelectrical impedance analysis(Inbody 3.0, Biospace, Seoul, Korea) in before and after treatment to evaluate the effect among Sasang constitution. The weight reduction program including very low calorie diet, electrical acupuncture and herbal medicine was treated to all cases equally during 1 month. Results and Conclusions : The group of Taeum was more obese and less reducted in body fat mass and % body fat in tools of percent rates of the changes than other type of Sasang constitution. In conclusion, the group of Taeum is more easy to become obese and more difficult to treat obesity

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.24-34
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• 2022

Purpose : This descriptive survey aims to identify the prevalence of factors associated with sarcopenia among hemodialysis patients. Methods : The study subjects were 137 patients with chronic kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis in three artificial kidney centers in B and Y cities. Data were collected from August 1 to September 30, 2020, using the SARC-F (Strength, Assistant walking, Rising from a chair, Climbing stairs, Falls) questionnaire, Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF), Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA), and a grip dynamometer. The collected data were analyzed using t-tests, crossover analysis, and logistic regression using the IBM SPSS 23 program. Results : The prevalence of sarcopenia among hemodialysis patients, determined using the SARC-F questionnaire, was 16.1%. The associated factors of sarcopenia among hemodialysis patients were found to be gender (OR=6.44, p =.002), age (OR=1.07, p =.015), nutritional status (OR=10.37, p =.027), and albumin level (OR=0.10, p =.014). These findings are supported by an explanatory power of 46.3% (p =.597). Conclusion : The identified risk factors for sarcopenia in hemodialysis patients were; sex, age, nutritional status, and albumin level. The findings of this study can serve as clinical evidence for the development of an intervention program for preventing and managing sarcopenia in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.485-495
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to report a case of a patient with pattern identification of liver fire flaming upward and metabolic syndrome improved by Korean medicine. The patient felt completely lost. She was treated for headache, insomnia, and metabolic syndrome with Korean medicine and psychotherapy. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pattern Identification Tool for Insomnia (PIT-Insomnia), Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory-2 (MMPI-2), and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) were used for assessment. During treatment for six months, the patient stopped taking headache pills. Her blood pressure was stabilized. Her body weight, body fat, body mass index (BMI), and visceral fat decreased significantly. The sum of ISI, PSQI, PIT-insomnia also decreased significantly. Her Ego strength increased in the MMPI-2 supplementary scale. We assume that Korean medicine treatment through acupuncture, herbal medicine, and psychotherapy is effective in treating pattern identification of liver fire flaming upward and metabolic syndrome.