• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.484-492
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• 2015

As our government is actively introducing the RPS (Renewable Portfolio Standards) as a national renewable energy obligation policy, power producers are using the various renewable energy to meet the RPS supply quota since 2012. Recently, it is appling to use power bio-fuel oil in bio-fuel oil demonstration project with power companies. In general, power bio-fuel oils are composed of mixture products of vegetable oil, animal fat, fatty acid ester and waste oil. It is already developing for a power plant as a renewable energy abroad. In Korea, it is studying a 100% combustion and blended combustion of heavy fuel oil and bio-fuel oil. In this study, we investigated fuel characteristics of mixed power bio-fuel oil and its emission performance. Especially, it was reduced emissions of bio-oil in industrial boilers due to bio-fuel properties as compare with fuel oil.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2014

Since the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) would be started in 2012, the use of renewable energy should be 11% of total energy use including bio-fuel in 2030. The economic efficiency for renewable energy in B power plant was considered with the bio-diesel, wind power and solar power. The Net Present Value (NPV) and Benefit/Cost Ratio(BC) were used for the economic efficiency with the cost and benefit analysis. In case of bio-diesel, the cost resulted from the fuel conversion and the benefit would be created with trade and environmental improvement. With regard to wind power and solar power, the construction cost would be required and benefit factors would be same as the bio-diesel. The wind power was the best of economic efficiency of renewable energy as the results of NPV and BC ratio. Whereas, the market of wind power was very popular and the techniques of wind power has been developing rapidly.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.11-16
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• 2002

This paper describes the power performance and emission characteristics of the high speed direct injection diesel engine (2.9 litter displacements) driven by soybean oil asknown a bio diesel fuel. The results were compared to diesel fuel with blending bio diesel fuels. The soybean bio diesel fuel was added in the diesel fuel in concentration varying from 25% to 75% volume rates. We measured the emissions according to ECE 13 mode and full load, fixedengine speed. When the 25% bio diesel fuel was used, NOx emission at the ECE 13 mode test slightly decreased compared with diesel base engine. Over engine speed of 2000 rpm, the level of unburned hydrocarbon(HC) and carbon monoxide(CO) were the same to the diesel engine. Smoke emission decreased asthe blending bio diesel fuel rate increased.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.44-52
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• 2024

In this study, we predicted PTO power requirements based on torque predicted by the discrete element method and the multi-body dynamics coupling method. Six different scenarios were simulated to predict PTO power requirements in different soil conditions. The first scenario was a tillage operation on cohesionless soil, and the field was modeled using the Hertz-Mindlin contact model. In the second through sixth scenarios, tillage operations were performed on viscous soils, and the field was represented by the Hertz-Mindlin + JKR model for cohesion. To check the influence of surface energy, a parameter to reproduce cohesion, on the power requirement, a simple regression analysis was performed. The significance and appropriateness of the regression model were checked and found to be acceptable. The study findings are expected to be used in design optimization studies of agricultural machinery by predicting power requirements using the discrete element method and the multi-body dynamics coupling method and analyzing the effect of soil cohesion on the power requirement.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.252-260
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: The number of biomass power plants is increasing around the world and the amount of wastes from power plants is expected to increase. But the bottom ash (BA) is not recycled and has been dumped in landfill. This study was conducted to find out functional groups of BA and adsorption rate of heavy metals on BA. METHODS AND RESULTS: The BA was dried in oven at 105℃ for 24 hours, and characterized by analyzing the chemistry, functional group, and surface area. The adsorption rates of heavy metals on BA were evaluated by different concentration, time, and pH. As a result, the adsorption amount of the heavy metals was high in the order of Zn> Cu> Cd> Ni and the removal rates of Zn, Cu, Cd, and Ni by BA was 49.75, 30.20, 32.46, and 36.10%, respectively. Also, the maximum adsorption capacity of BA was different by the heavy metal in the environmental conditions, and it was suggested that the isotherms for Zn, Ni, Cd, and Cu were adequate to Langmuir model. CONCLUSION(S): It is suggested that it would be effective to remove heavy metals in aqueous solution by using BA from biomass power plants in South Korea.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.11-17
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• 2013

Esterified bio-diesel oil is normally used as blend oil of 3% that and 97% diesel fuel in Korea. Since specifics of it is similar to that of diesel fuel, availability of non-esterified bio-diesel oil that has a lower expenses of manufacturing is worthy of attention. However, bio-diesel oil has a demerit which it emits typically more NOx emission than diesel fuel. In this study, characteristic tests using blending oil with 95% gas oil and 5% bio-diesel oil were achieved at lower common rail pressure in order to improve this demerit. It was noticed that non-esterified bio-diesel oil has more similar characteristics to diesel fuel than esterified bio-diesel oil and it emits more NO emission by fuel NO mechanism.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.310-317
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: The salt in soil interrupts crop growth. Therefore, water resources are used to remove any salt found in the soil. However, water resources have been reduced by global warming; thus, a new study is required into reducing the salt in soil. Recently, the bottom ash (BA) of a biomass power plant was found to be similar to biochar. Hence, it can be used to remove heavy metals and wastewater through the adsorption characteristics of BA. The objective of this study was to evaluate the improvement effects on crop growth in saline soil containing the BA from biomass power plants. METHODS AND RESULTS: The effect on crop growth in the saline soil supplemented with BA was studied with the crop-planted pots, which were packed by reclaimed greenhouse soils collected from Byolyang, Suncheon. The BA application level was 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 kg/10a (referred as BA25, BA50, BA100, BA200, and BA400, respectively). The BA increased the fresh weights of the leaf and root, while nitrogen uptake increased by approximately 24-102% and 54-77%, respectively for the lead and root. The phosphorous uptake increased by 38%, although only in the leaf of the lettuce. In the case of soil, BA increased water content, pH, EC, CEC, and NH₄⁺ and the SAR of the soil decreased by 5-15%. The bottom ash increased the contents of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, and fixed the amount of Na⁺. CONCLUSION(S): It was confirmed the bottom ash of a biomass power plant, based on wood pellets, improved crop growth, and increased the nutrient uptake of crops in saline soil. In addition, bottom ash, which has a wide range of porosity and high values of pH and EC, improved properties of the saline soil. However, the BA has a large amount of B, As, and heavy metals. Finally, it may require a study on the safety and contamination of heavy metals contained in the bottom ash, which would be applied in soil for a long time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2015

This paper presents the results of field demonstration for fuel switching to bio-fuel oil in 4 commercial heavy oil fired power plants. The 100% fuel switching field demonstration was successfully carried out in two tangential-firing boilers at a capacity of 75 and 100 MWe respectively without major equipment retrofit, and also 25% bio-fuel oil blending for two opposite firing boilers at a capacity of 350 and 400 MWe respectively. Despite the low density and heating value, the bio fuel was successfully replaced heavy fuel oil at the full load by only adjusting operational parameters. Incase of bio fuel oil combustion, heat absorption of radiative heat transfer section was reduced while convection section has opposite trend. In pollutants emission, a major reductionin SOx as well as 10-20% reduction in NOx were achieved by the fuels witching. On the other hand, boiler efficiency was slightly underestimated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.28-36
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• 2014

Bio fuel oil combustion experiments were successfully demonstrated at the 75 MWe oil-fired power plant without major equipment retrofit and 100% bio-fuel oil combustion was possible without big problems. The experimental data error correction was conducted and numerical model-based analysis technique was applied for the evaluation of the results. Incase of bio fuel oil combustion, heat absorption of radiative heat transfer section was reduced while convection section has opposite trend. The furnace exit gas temperature tends to rise slightly. Environment emissions such as NOx and SOx concentrations showed a tendency to decrease during the bio fuel oil combustion period. On the other hand, boiler efficiency was slightly underestimated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.356-357
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• 2008

The effects of $O_2$ plasma ashing process for surface treatment of nano-wire Bio-FET were investigated. In order to evaluate the plasma damage introduced by $O_2$ plasma ashing, a back-gate biasing method was developed and the electrical characteristics as a function of $O_2$ plasma power were measured. Serious degradations of electrical characteristics of nano-wire Bio-FET were observed when the plasma power is higher than 50 W. For curing the plasma damages, a forming gas anneal (2 %, $H_2/N_2$) was carried out at $400^{\circ}C$. As a result, the electrical characteristics of nano-wire Bio-FET were considerably recovered.