• Title/Summary/Keyword: bio-activities

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Biological Activity of Extracts from Chrysanthemum incidicum Linne by Ultrafine Grinding (미세분쇄에 의한 감국(Chrysanthemum incidicum Linne) 추출물의 생리활성)

  • Cho, Young-Je
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.43 no.1
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    • pp.110-117
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    • 2014
  • In this study, the biological activity of water and ethanol extracts from Chrysanthemum incidicum Linne by ultrafine grinding for functional food source are examined. The content of phenolic compounds from Chrysanthemum incidicum Linne were the highest when extracted for 6 hr with 70% ethanol. The extraction yield of water and ethanol extracts were $7.12{\pm}1.61$ mg/g and $7.51{\pm}2.14$ mg/g, respectively. With ultrafine grinding, water and ethanol extracts were $8.63{\pm}1.15$ mg/g and $9.33{\pm}1.35$ mg/g, respectively. In determining anti-oxidative activity of Chrysanthemum incidicum Linne extracts, DPPH of normal grinding extracts was 83.52% and ultrafine grinding was 92.37%. In ABTS radical cation decolorization, normal grinding, fine grinding, and ultrafine grinding extracts were 90% or higher. In antioxidant protection factor (PF), water and ethanol extracts of ultrafine grinding showed relatively high anti-oxidative activities of each 1.82 PF and 2.16 PF, respectively. The TBARS value of ultrafine grinding extracts were lower than normal grinding and fine grinding extracts. The inhibition activity on xanthin oxidase of Chrysanthemum incidicum Linne extracts was 67.53% in ultrafine grinded water extracts and 83.45% in ultrafine grinded ethanol extracts. Inhibition on xanthin oxidase of ethanol extracts showed a higher inhibition effect than water extracts, and ultrafine grinding was higher than normal grinding. In angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition activity, ultrafine grinding water extract was 24% or higher, and ethanol extract was 34% or higher. The elastase inhibition activity of ultrafine grinding extract was 25.56%, which was higher than 20.34% of fine grinding extracts. Water extracts did not show hyaluronidase inhibition activity but ethanol extracts showed 35% of hyaluronidase inhibition activity. The determining expression inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 protein in macrophage by Chrysanthemum incidicum Linne extracts with a Western blot analysis, iNOS and COX-2 protein expression inhibition by Chrysanthemum incidicum Linne ethanol extracts were 40% and 15%, respectively at 100 ${\mu}g/mL$ concentration. The inhibitory patterns of iNOS and COX-2 protein expression was concentration dependent. The result suggests that Chrysanthemum incidicum Linne extracts by ultrafine grinding may be more useful than normal grinding as potential sources due to anti-oxidation, angiotensin converting enzyme and xanthine oxidase inhibition, anti-inflammation effect.

The Biological Activity from Prunella vulgaris Extracts (하고초(Prunella vulgaris) 추출물의 생리활성)

  • Kim, Jin-Sung;Lee, Ju-Yeong;Park, Ki-Tae;An, Bong-Jeun;Lee, Sun-Ho;Cho, Young-Je
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.234-241
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    • 2013
  • The phenolic compounds of water extracts from Prunella vulgaris were highest at 9.25 mg/g, respectively, when various extraction solvents were used. The optimum condition for extracting phenolic compounds from Prunella vulgaris was extraction in water for 18hr. The DPPH-scavenging activities of Prunella vulgaris were highest at the water extracts. The ABTS radical cation decolorization was higher than 40% in the range of 0~100% ethanol extract section. The antioxidant protection factor on the lipophilic phenolic metabolites was shown to be 1.1 PF in the water extracts from Prunella vulgaris. The TBARS was lower than the control ($0.53{\mu}M$) in all the sections. The tyrosinase inhibitory effect, which is related to skin whitening, was above 40%, and for the anti-wrinkle effect, the elastase inhibition activity was above 40% at 0.2 mg/mL. The astringent effect of the Prunella vulgaris 40% ethanol extracts was 98.1% at 1 mg/mL. As a result, it can be concluded that Prunella vulgaris has the potential to be used as a cosmetic material.

Analysis of Satisfaction on Alley Garden's Components through Urban Regeneration - Focused on Bisan 2·3-dong in Daegu Metropolitan City - (도시재생사업에 따른 골목정원 구성요소의 만족도 분석 - 대구광역시 비산 2·3동을 대상으로 -)

  • Jang, Cheol-Kyu;Hwang, Myeong-Lan;Shin, Jae-Yun;Jung, Sung-Gwan
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.45 no.6
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    • pp.137-148
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    • 2017
  • This study analyzed the opinions of residents for desirable urban regeneration and suggested an improvement plan for alley environments. This study conducted a questionnaire survey of the residents living in Alley Garden of Bisan 2,3-dong, Daegu Metropolitan City. In the analysis of the importance and satisfaction of Alley Garden components, items related to a safe, cleanly environment such as 'Lighting facility installation', 'Sewage and waste disposal' and 'CCTV installation' had a high level of importance. It was also found that items improved by the Residential Environment Improvement Project and Alley Garden such as 'Lighting facility installation', 'Quantity of herbaceous flowers' and 'Kinds of herbaceous flowers' had a high level of satisfaction. The IPA results showed that items such as 'Empty house maintenance', 'Rest facilities such as benches and pergolas', 'Space for resident interaction' and 'Public parking lot' had a high level of importance, but had a low level of satisfaction, which suggests that they should be improved by priority. As a result of factor analysis, Alley Garden components were classified into four factors: 'Safety and cleanliness', 'Greenness', 'Exchange and convenience facility' and 'Aesthetics renewal'. Based on this classification, a regression analysis was conducted regarding the effects of the four factors on overall satisfaction. Results showed that all four factors had a significant influence on the overall satisfaction and that 'Aesthetics renewal' and 'Safety and cleanliness', respectively showing levels of significance at 0.274 and 0.235, were highly influential to overall satisfaction. Therefore, it was concluded that spaces for resident interaction and rest facilities should be preferentially installed to improve the environment of alleys. For the improvement of the overall satisfaction of alley environments, it was also concluded that residents should be encouraged to engage in activities such as sculpture installation and mural drawing, along with the introduction of safety bells and crime prevention environment design and the implementation of alley beautification projects.

Manufacture of Cutting-Gouda Cheese using Lactobacillus rhamnosus_p1 and the Physicochemical Properties of Gouda Cheese during Ripening Periods (Lactobacillus rhamnosus_p1을 이용한 절단형 고다치즈 제조방법 및 숙성 중 품질특성)

  • Park, Jong-Hyuk;Jung, Hoo-Kil;Moon, Hye-Jung;Oh, Jeon-Hui;Lee, Joo-Hee;Kim, Myung-Kon;Na, Sang-Eon;Kim, Youn-Jeong;Hwang, Young-Tae
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.131-139
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    • 2014
  • The aim of this study was to manufacture Cutting-Gouda cheese and to investigate the change in physicochemical properties of Cutting-Gouda cheese made with Lactobacillus rhamnosus_p1. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from Gouda cheese ripened for more than 1 year. They were identified as 2 strains of L. rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus curvatus, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus by 16S rDNA sequencing and named L. rhamnosus_p1, L. casei_p2, L. curvatus_p3, L. rhamnosus_p4 and S. saprophyticus_p5. The proteolytic activities of isolated strains against casein were measured using prepared skim milk agar plates. L. rhamnosus_p1 showed the highest proteolytic activity. Cutting-Gouda cheese was made with L. rhamnosus_p1, and its physicochemical properties (moisture, protein, fat, ash and free amino acid content) were measured during ripening periods. Because of the modified atmosphere packaging ($N_2{^-}$), there was no change in moisture, protein, fat, and ash in the experimental group. The total amount of free amino acids in the control and experimental group gradually increased during ripening periods. The sensory evaluation showed that the experimental group was preferable to the control group. This result suggests that L. rhamnosus_p1 has potential to be developed as a new starter for Gouda cheese.

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Physicochemical Properties and Physiological Activities of Rhus verniciflua Stem Bark Cultured with Fomitella fraxinea (장수버섯 균사체가 배양된 옻피의 이화학적 특성 및 생리활성)

  • Choi, Han-Seok;Kim, Bo-Hyun;Yeo, Soo-Hwan;Jeong, Seok-Tae;Choi, Ji-Ho;Park, Hyo-Suk;Kim, Myung-Kon
    • The Korean Journal of Mycology
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    • v.38 no.2
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    • pp.172-178
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    • 2010
  • The contents of proximate composition, free amino acids and phenolic acids in the Fomitella fraxinea cultivated-Rhus verniciflua stem bark(FRVSB), and its adipogenesis effect were investigated. The proximate composition(%) of FRVSB was as follows: moisture(7.64), ash(6.30), crude fat(3.86), crude protein(3.59) and sugar(not detected); while Rhus verniciflua stem bark(RVSB) contained 1.64, 8.09, 7.28, 6.48 and 5.39, respectively. The total free amino acids concentration was 97.41 mg% in FRVSB and 71.91 mg% in RVSB. Phosphoserine(55.06 mg%), ammonia(17.84mg%) and aspartic acid(6.05mg%) were predominant amino acids. The content of total phenolic acids was 422.89 ppm in ethanol extract and 283.86 ppm in water extract, with syringic and gallic acid as the main component. The FRVSB extracts showed a potent free radical scavenging activity for DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate) with $IC_{50}$ of $28.54\;{\mu}g$(EtOH) and $54.70\;{\mu}g$(water), respectively, whereas $IC_{50}$ value of gallic acid was $1.84\;{\mu}g$. The protective effect of both ethanol and water extract the extracts against UV-induced oxidative stress in NIH3T3 was observed. The water extracts of FRVSB may promote adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells.

Physicochemical Characteristics of Traditional Fermented Soybean Products Manufactured in Folk Villages of Sunchang Region (순창 고추장민속마을에서 생산한 전통 장류의 이화학적 특성)

  • Kim, Jong-Wook;Kim, Yong-Suk;Jeong, Pyeong-Hwa;Kim, Hyung-Eun;Shin, Dong-Hwa
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.223-230
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    • 2006
  • For standardization of quality of traditional fermented soybean products manufactured in Folk Villages of Sunchang Region, the physicochemical characteristics of 28 Kochujang, 28 Doenjang, and 18 Chunggukjang were compared. Moisture contents of Kochujang, Doenjang, and Chunggukjang were $46.9{\pm}3.6,\;60.6{\pm}1.9,\;and\;57.0{\pm}3.10%$, respectively. On the basis of average moisture contents, crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash contents were calculated to $6.2{\pm}0.7,\;2.0{\pm}0.5,\;and\;8.2{\pm}1.1%$ in Kochujang, $13.2{\pm}1.0,\;7.1{\pm}0.6,\;and\;15.2{\pm}1.5%$ in Doenjang, and $18.9{\pm}1.2,\;6.1{\pm}1.4,\;and\;5.1{\pm}1.7%$ in Chunggukjang, respectively. Reducing sugar, salinity, and water activities in Kochujang were $19.25{\pm}4.1%,\;7.3{\pm}1.1%,\;and\;0.790{\pm}0.003$, in Doenjang were $2.38{\pm}0.89%,\;14.2{\pm}1.4%,\;and\;0.835{\pm}0.020$, and in Chunggukjang were $0.51{\pm}0.24%,\;4.2{\pm}1.6%,\;and\;0.962{\pm}0.028$, respectively. Amino-type nitrogen contents, which affects delicate flavors of fermented soybean products, of Kochujang, Doenjang, and Chunggukjang were $114.03{\pm}19.04,\;734.32{\pm}147.70,\;and\;600{\pm}150mg%$, respectively. Lightness (l), redness (a), and yellowness (b) values in color of Kochujang were $14.49{\pm}1.44,\;15.45{\pm}1.77,\;and\;8.34{\pm}1.02$, respectively, and the redness was lower than that of other ones. Those of Doenjang were $26.69{\pm}4.33,\;7.25{\pm}1.03,\;and\;12.02{\pm}1.82$, respectively, and those of Chunggukjang were $35.62{\pm}2.05,\;6.31{\pm}0.37,\;and\;13.50{\pm}0.78$, respectively. These results indicate that the salt concentration and quality of traditional fermented soybean products manufactured in Folk Villages of Sunchang region must be lowered and standardized, respectively.

Comparison on the Extraction Efficiency and Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoid from Citrus Peel by Different Extraction Methods (추출방법에 따른 감귤 과피 유래 Flavonoid의 추출효율 및 항산화 효과에 대한 비교)

  • Cheigh, Chan-Ick;Jung, Won-Guen;Chung, Eun-Young;Ko, Min-Jung;Cho, Sang-Woo;Lee, Jae-Hwan;Chang, Pahn-Shick;Park, Young-Seo;Paik, Hyun-Dong;Kim, Kee-Tae;Chung, Myong-Soo
    • Food Engineering Progress
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.166-172
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    • 2010
  • The extraction of polyphenol and flavonoid from citrus peel was performed by the ethanol, sugar, hot water (80$^{\circ}C$), and subcritical water extraction methods. The maximum yields of total polyphenolic compounds (27.25${\pm}$1.33 mg QE/g DCP, QE and DCP indicate quercetin equivalent and dried citrus peel, respectively) and flavonoids (7.31${\pm}$0.41 mg QE/g DCP) were obtained by subcritical water extraction (SWE) with operating conditions of 190$^{\circ}C$, 1300 psi, and 10 min. The yields by SWE were over 7.2-, and 8.5-fold higher than those of total polyphenols (3.79${\pm}$0.73 mg QE/g DCP) and flavonoids (0.86${\pm}$0.27 mg QE/g DCP) obtained using the ethanol extraction, which showed the highest extraction efficiency among tested conventional methods, respectively. Antioxidant activities of extracts obtained by different methods showed no significant differences. However, the relative antioxidant yield per 1 g dried citrus peel by SWE (190$^{\circ}C$, 10 min) was over 9.5-fold higher than that by the ethanol extraction.

Antioxidant and Anti-obesity Effects of Mulberry (Morus alba L) Fermented withLactobacillus plantarum JCM 1149 or Pichia kudriavzevii Atz-EN-01 (Lactobacillus plantarum JCM 1149와 Pichia kudriavzevii Atz-EN-01를 이용한 오디 발효액의 항산화 및 항비만 효과)

  • Ji-Young Lee;Su-Bin Oh;So-Yoon Joo;Sang-Kyu Noh;Dae-Ook Kang
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.33 no.10
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    • pp.797-807
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    • 2023
  • To improve the functionality of mulberry, samples were fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum JCM 1149 (LP) or Pichia kudriavzevii Atz-EN-01 (PK), and their antioxidant and anti-obesity activities were compared to those of unfermented mulberry. After fermenting for 60 hr, the total polyphenol and flavonoid content of the PK-fermented mulberry (PKFM) and LP-fermented mulberry (LPFM) was 1.5-fold and 2-fold higher, respectively, while the total anthocyanin content was 1.3-fold and 1.5-fold higher in the PKFM and LPFM, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity was found to be 16.3% higher (86% vs. 100%) after PK fermentation and 8.1% higher (86% vs. 93%) after LP fermentation. The lipase inhibitory activity of the LPFM and PKFM was 62.9% and 52.5%, respectively. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated with unfermented mulberry, LPFM, or PKFM at 200, 400, or 800 ㎍/ml and stained with oil-red-O. A slight difference in the staining was observed in samples treated with 400 ㎍/ml. However, treatment with 800 ㎍/ml significantly reduced staining compared to the control, and the LPFM exhibited relatively higher adipogenesis inhibitory activity than the PKFM. Blood triglyceride content increased by 9.5% in the high-fat diet group, but decreased by 17.1% in the control group, 37.1% in the LPFM group, and 41.6% in the PKFM group. The blood triglyceride content of the LPFM group decreased by 43.1% and 21.4% compared to the high-fat diet group and the control group, respectively, and that of the PKFM group decreased by 48.6% and 28.9% compared to the same groups. In conclusion, the results indicate that fermented mulberry has increased antioxidant activity, lipase inhibitory activity, and adipogenesis inhibition activity, and decreased blood triglyceride content compared to unfermented mulberry.

Isoalantolactone Inhibits the Formation of Multicellular Tumor Spheroids Derived From Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Hep3B Cells Through the Induction of ROS-dependent Apoptosis (ROS 의존적 세포사멸 유도를 통한 isoalantolactone의 인간 간세포암종 Hep3B 세포 유래 다세포 종양 spheroid 형성의 억제)

  • Min Yeong Kim;Byunwoo Son;Sang-Hyup Lee;Sang Eun Park;Su Hyun Hong;Sang Hoon Hong;Eunjeong Kim;Yung Hyun Choi;Hyun Hwangbo
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.34 no.7
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    • pp.476-484
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    • 2024
  • Although two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cell culture models are still widely used as the optimal models for anticancer activity research, three-dimensional (3D) multicellular tumor spheroid (3D MTS) models that can better approximate the tumor environment can offer an alternative to bridge the gap between in vitro and animal model studies. Isoalantolactone is among the sesquiterpene lactones found in medicinal plants, including the roots of Elecampane (Inula helenium L.), and is known to have various pharmacological activities, including anticancer activity. In this study, we investigated whether the anticancer activity of isoalantolactone observed in 2D models could be reproduced in a 3D MTS model derived from human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Hep3B cells. According to our results, isoalantolactone inhibited the formation of MTSs in a manner dependent on the treatment concentration, which was accompanied by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In particular, as isoalantolactone treatment and the culture time increased, the area of proliferating cells was replaced by cells in which apoptosis was induced. Additionally, in MTSs, isoalantolactone increased the expression of death-receptor-related proteins and the activity of caspase-3, and it decreased the expression of the Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio and total poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. However, when the production of ROS was artificially blocked, all these changes caused by isoalantolactone were attenuated and the cell survival rate of MTS cells was restored. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that the induction of apoptosis in Hep3B cell-derived MTSs by isoalantolactone is achieved through the activation of extrinsic and intrinsic pathways and is ROS-dependent.

Anti-inflammatory effect in macrophages according to the mixing ratio of acemannan and aloesin (Acemannan과 aloesin의 혼합 비율에 따른 대식세포에서의 항염증 효과)

  • Hyo-Min Kim;Jeong-Hwan Kim;Dan-Hee Yoo;Se-Yeong Jeon;Hyun-Jin Kim;Seon-Gil Do;In-Chul Lee;Jung-Wook Kang
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.315-323
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    • 2024
  • This study aims to confirm the anti-inflammatory activities of acemannan and aloesin, which have been studied for various efficacies at various mixed sample ratios. The mixed samples were mixed at a ratio of 1:1 (AA-1), 1:2 (AA-2), 1:3 (AA-3), 2:1 (AA-4), and 3:1 (AA-5). Seven samples were evaluated for their cytotoxic ability on macrophages, and the results showed that all cell viability was over 90% at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL. First, due to the NO production inhibitory activity, a better inhibitory effect was achieved when using a mixed sample rather than a single material. Afterward, the activity of inhibiting the production of PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-6 was confirmed using a mixed sample. It was confirmed that AA-2 had the best inhibitory activity on producing PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-6 rather than AA-1, AA-3, AA-4, and AA-5. For this reason, experiments were conducted using AA-2 to determine the protein expression levels of iNOS and COX-2, which are inflammation-related proteins. It was confirmed that AA-2 inhibited iNOS and COX-2 protein expression by 25.01% and 27.27%, respectively, compared to the LPS-alone treatment group. In conclusion, the mixed sample of acemannan and aloesin is judged to have anti-inflammatory activity and can potentially to be used as a functional material.