• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.1149-1161
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• 2022

Purpose: This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the clinical effects of Injinho-tang on hyperbilirubinemia in hepatobiliary disorders. Methods: We searched for randomized controlled clinical trials that had administered Injinho-tang as an intervention in the following medical databases: Public/Publisher MEDLINE (PubMed), Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), Cochrane library, Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), ScienceON, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Among the retrieved studies, only trials that met the inclusion criteria were selected, and serum total bilirubin values were extracted and analyzed from the finally selected trials. Results: The serum total bilirubin values of 1,302 patients with various hepatobiliary diseases were synthesized through a meta-analysis, which confirmed a decrease in serum total bilirubin of 21.03 𝜇mol/L (95% CI -29.58~-12.49, p<0.01) in the group administered with Injinho-tang compared with the control group. Conclusions: Injinho-tang is effective in alleviating hyperbilirubinemia in hepatobiliary diseases when administered with conventional treatment. However, the potential risk of bias, high heterogeneity among the included trials, and differences in herbal composition are limitations of the results of this meta-analysis.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2007

Glucuronidation by the uridine diphosphateglucuronosy-ltransferase 1A enzymes (UGT1As) is a major pathway for elimination of particular drugs and endogenous substances, such as bilirubin. We examined the relation of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes of the UGT1A gene with their clinical factors. For association analysis, we genotyped the variants by direct sequencing analysis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 218 healthy Koreans. The frequency of UGT1A1 polymorphisms, -3279T>G, -3156G>A, -53 $(TA)_{6>7}$, 211G>A, and 686C>A, was 0.26, 0.12, 0.08, 0.15, and 0.01, respectively. The frequency of -118 $(T)_{9>10}$ of UGT1A9 was 0.62, which was significantly higher than that in Caucasians (0.39). Neither the -2152C>T nor the -275T>A polymorphism was observed in Koreans or other Asians in comparison with Caucasians. The -3156G>A and -53 $(TA)_{6>7}$ polymorphisms of UGT1A were significantly associated with platelet count and total bilirubin level (p=0.01, p=0.01, respectively). Additionally, total bilirubin level was positively correlated with occurrence of the UGT1A9-118 $(T)_{9>10}$ rare variant. Common haplotypes encompassing six UGT1A polymorphisms were significantly associated with total bilirubin level (p=0.01). Taken together, we suggest that determination of the UGT1A1 and UGT1A9 genotypes is clinically useful for predicting the efficacy and serious toxicities of particular drugs requiring glucuronidation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1367-1370
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• 2015

Diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is difficult when patients do not show jaundice. The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of using the total serum bile acid (TSBA) level as an aid for the diagnosis of CCA in patients without jaundice. For this purpose, TSBA of the following groups were measured using a Beckman Synchron CX4 clinical chemistry analyzer: 60 cases of CCA with total serum bilirubin ${\leq}2mg/dL$ (low total bilirubin group, LTB); 32 cases of CCA with total serum bilirubin >2 mg/dL (high total bilirubin group, HTB); and 115 healthy controls. Liver function parameters such as serum cholesterol, albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were also examined. The results showed that the TSBA of both LTB and HTB groups of the CCA patients were significantly higher than that of the healthy controls. Also, significant correlation was observed between TSBA and total bilirubin levels in the HTB group of CCA patients. However, no such correlation was seen in the LTB group. The cut-off value of TSBA was determined for the LTB group of CCA patients using the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and it was $6.05{\mu}mol/L$ with the sensitivity and specificity of 46.7% and 84.4%, respectively. In addition, the ALP level was correlated well with the TSBA level and ALP in HTB group was significantly higher than that of LTB group. Moreover, the combination of high TSBA and high ALP levels gave higher specificity up to 97.4%. TSBA might be useful for the diagnosis of CCA patients without jaundice.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.155-157
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• 1986

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2010

목 적 : 신생아 황달은 신생아기에 가장 흔한 질환 중 하나로 핵황달과 같은 심각한 후유증을 유발할 수 있기 때문에 조기발견과 치료가 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 경피적 황달 측정을 이용하여 황달 수치(TcB)를 측정하고 황달 수치의 변화를 노모그램으로 산출해 건강한 신생아황달의 자연경과를 살펴보고 추적 관찰과 치료가 필요한경우를 예측하고자 하였다. 방 법: 2007년 10월 1일부터 2009년 4월 30일까지 성애병원에서 출생한 재태연령 35주 이상의 건강한 만삭아와 준만삭아 중 부모가 모두 한국인인 986명을 대상으로 하였다. 출생 6시간 후부터 6시간 간격으로 퇴원시까지 경피적 황달 측정기(Minolta, JM-103)을 이용하여 이마에서 측정하였으며 이를 통해 얻어진 데이터로 노모그램을 산출하였다. 분만방법, 재태연령, 수유방법에 따른 차이를 비교하였다. 결 과 : 통계 데이터를 통해 시간에 따른 백분위수 그래프가 그려졌으며, 재태기간 35주에서 37주 6일의 신생아에서는 90 백분위수 이상, 38주 이상은 95 백분위수 이상에서 광선치료가 필요할 것으로 나타났다. 생후 24시간, 48시간, 72시간, 96시간에 TcB 수치의 평균을 분만방법, 재태연령, 수유방법에 따라 비교하였을 때 생후 48시간에서 제왕절개로 출생한 신생아가 자연분만으로 출생한 신생아에 비해 TcB 수치가 의미 있게 높았으며, 나머지 시간에서는 통계학적 의미가 없었다. 이외 수유방법에 따른 두 군의 비교에서는 모든 시간에서 통계학적 유의성이 없었다. 결 론 : 편리하고 비침습적인 경피적 황달 측정기를 이용하여 시간에 따른 TcB 수치의 변화를 노모그램을 산출하였으며 이를 이용하여 심각한 황달을 예측하는데 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2009

Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is an inducible enzyme that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the oxidative degradation of free heme into ferrous iron, carbon monoxide (CO), and biliverdin (BV), the latter being subsequently converted into bilirubin (BR). HO-1, once expressed during inflammation, forms high concentrations of its enzymatic by-products that can influence various biological events, and this expression is proven to be associated with the resolution of inflammation. The degradation of heme by HO-1 itself, the signaling actions of CO, the antioxidant properties of BV/BR, and the sequestration of ferrous iron by ferritin all concertedly contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of HO-1. This review focuses on the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of HO-1 actions and its roles in inflammatory diseases.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.122-129
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• 2011

The persistence of jaundice beyond the first 2 weeks of life require further investigation and this can be determined if the conjugated bilirubin levels are greater than 1.5 mg/dL or greater than 20% of the total bilirubin level. There is a diverse differential diagnosis for the cause of neonatal cholestasis due to hepatobiliary disease including biliary atresia, which eventually leads to liver cirrhosis if uncorrected before 60~80 days of life. Long-established initial studies include abdominal ultrasonography, hepatobiliary scintigraphy and liver biopsy, but better diagnostic methods are needed. Promising new options are described including MRCP (magnetic resonance cholangiography), ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiography), and PCC (percutaneous cholecysto-cholangiography). Though no single test can differentiate biliary atresia from other neonatal cholestasis with confidence, a combination of diagnostic methods is usually consistently beneficial. By excluding biliary atresia as early as possible, the risk of unnecessary explolaparotomy with intraoperative cholangiography is decreased. Further evaluation would be required for the diagnosis of neonatal cholestasis after excluding biliary atresia.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.266-269
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• 2014

Gilbert syndrome is the most common inherited disorder of bilirubin glucuronidation. It is characterized by intermittent episodes of jaundice in the absence of hepatocellular disease or hemolysis. Hereditary spherocytosis is the most common inherited hemolytic anemia and is characterized by spherical, osmotically fragile erythrocytes that are selectively trapped by the spleen. The patients have variable degrees of anemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly. Hereditary spherocytosis usually leads to mild-to-moderate elevation of serum bilirubin levels. Severe hyperbilirubinemia compared with the degree of hemolysis should be lead to suspicion of additional clinical conditions such as Gilbert syndrome or thalassemia. We present the case of a 12-year-old boy with extreme jaundice and nausea. The diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis was confirmed by osmotic fragility test results and that of Gilbert syndrome by genetic analysis findings.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.72-76
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• 1985

This studies were conducted in an attempt to investigate the effect of Oenanthe javanics extract on enzyme activities of liver and excretory action of bile juice in serum of carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated rabbits. Long-term oral administration of this extracts shows more rapid recuperation in GPT, total cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin and BSP values than control groups. 750 mg/kg-administered group shortens rapidly the recovery time o·』 GPT, total cholesterol and BSP values than 250 mg/kg administered groups. But any difference was not observed in alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin among two groups. In histological studies the lager amount-administered groups exhibited more rapid recovery of liver cell enlargement, oedema, necrosis in carbon-tetrachloride treated rabbits.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.199-208
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• 2000

Objectives : In order to investigate the toxicity of rats after oral administration of Eumcheonyijin-tang extract. Methods : The experimental animals were subdivided into control, short term administration group, and long term administration group. With changes of gross appearance, the histological changes of liver and kidney were observed. Blood chemical indexes used in this study were AST, ALT, total bilirubin, albumin, BUN and creatinine in serum. Results : In the long term administration group, histological changes were detected in the liver as centrolobular disposition of fatty tissue(adipose cell), and in serum test, AST, ALT increased at 21 days after administration group, serum total bilirubin were increased 21, 28 and 35 days after administration group. So it seems to induce toxicity. Kidneys of the long term administration group revealed histological changes : increasing of connective tissue and pyknosis of glomerulus cell were observed at 28 days after administration group, and in serum test, significant changes of albumin, BUN, and creatinine were admitted. So it seems to induce toxicity. Conclusions : In long term administration of Eumcheonyijin-tang toxicity was induced.