• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.267-276
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• 2022

Objectives: Recently a modified high-submandibular approach (HSMA) has been introduced for treatment of condylar fracture. This approach involves an incision line close to the mandibular angle and transmasseteric transection, leading to a low incidence of facial palsy and allowing good visualization of the condyle area, especially the condylar neck and subcondyle positions. This study reports several cases managed with this modified HSMA technique for treating condylar fractures. Materials and Methods: Six cases of condylar fractures treated with modified HSMA technique were reviewed. Results: Three unilateral subcondylar fracture, 1 bilateral subcondylar fracture, 1 unilateral condylar neck fracture, 1 unlateral simultaneous condylar neck and subcondylar fracture cases were reviewed. All the cases were successfully treated without any major complication. Conclusion: Reduction, fixation, and osteosynthesis of condylar fractures via the modified HSMA technique enabled effective and stable treatment outcomes. Therefore, the described approach can be used especially for subcondylar and condylar neck fractures with minimal complications.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.133-148
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• 2022

Treatment of mandibular coronoid process hyperplasia (MCPH) has been described and explored in the literature. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the surgical and non-surgical treatment options for MCPH in pediatric and adult populations. Three databases were searched for treatment of MCPH patients (MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science). Two reviewers selected case reports and case series based on titles and abstracts. Finally, 55 studies reporting a total of 127 cases were included for qualitative synthesis and data extraction. The mean age at symptom onset was 15.6 years, while the mean age at diagnosis was 23.5 years. Of the included cases, 83.7% were male, and the condition was bilateral in more than 81% of the cases. Coronoidectomy was performed in 82.7% of the included cases, while coronoidotomy was performed in 3.9% of the cases. In 85.0% of the surgically treated cases, the approach was intraoral. The mean maximal intraoperative mouth opening was 38.1 mm compared with 16.5 mm at diagnosis. The mean maximal postoperative mouth opening was 35.3 mm, and the mean follow-up period was 16.3 months. Maximum mouth opening was achieved intraoperatively, and non-surgical treatment after surgery aims to reduce the risk of relapse. Additional research with a higher level of evidence is necessary to confirm these findings.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2023

The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of GB12 (Wangu) acupoint for dizziness. This study retrospectively analyzed the electronic medical records of 12 hospitalized patients complaining of dizziness were treated 5 times a week with a combined Korean medicine treatment including Jungsongouhyul pharmacopuncture on bilateral GB12 (Wangu) acupoint, and dizziness was evaluated by using a numerical rating scale (NRS). As a result of medical record analysis, NRS of 12 patients was significantly decreased after treatment (p<0.001), and no adverse events were reported in all 12 cases. We suggest that the treatment of GB12 (Wangu) could be effective in patients with dizziness, and to obtain exact evidence of effectiveness, further studies are needed.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.39-60
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• 2021

Despite the fast growth and rising importance of digital trade, there still exists no multilateral agreement governing digital trade. Significant differences in policy directions regarding key digital trade issues among the U.S., EU and China are the main stumbling blocks for reaching agreement on the multilateral front. To overcome this deficiency in digital trade rules, there has been active movement among mainly countries in the Asia-Pacific region for rule-making on digital trade. Starting with the CPTPP chapter on E-Commerce in 2018, there has been a series of digital trade rules agreed in bilateral or plurilateral formats, such as the USMCA, USJDTA, DEPA, DEA and RCEP. Korea is currently only member of RCEP, which contains an e-commerce chapter with lower levels of commitment as compared to other digital trade agreements. This paper provides a broad analysis of the recently concluded digital trade agreements, comparing the different coverage of rules, levels of commitment, and rules templates. The analysis aims to provide implications for the desirable direction of rule-making on digital trade and Korea's digital trade strategy.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.919-924
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• 2020

Objective: The current study reported a case series to illustrate the early computed tomography (CT) findings of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pediatric patients. Materials and Methods: All pediatric patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 and who underwent CT scan in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 20, 2020 to February 28, 2020 were included in the current study. Data on clinical and CT features were collected and analyzed. Results: Four children were included in the current study. All of them were asymptomatic throughout the disease course (ranging from 7 days to 15 days), and none of them showed abnormalities in blood cell counts. Familial cluster was the main transmission pattern. Thin-section CT revealed abnormalities in three patients, and one patient did not present with any abnormal CT findings. Unilateral lung involvement was observed in two patients, and one patient showed bilateral lung involvement. In total, five small lesions were identified, including ground-glass opacity (n = 4) and consolidation (n = 1). All lesions had ill-defined margins with peripheral distribution and predilection of lower lobe. Conclusion: Small patches of ground-glass opacity with subpleural distribution and unilateral lung involvement were common findings on CT scans of pediatric patients in the early stage of the disease.

• 대한구순구개열학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2000

전방 기저 설피판은 비교적 큰 구개 결손을 폐쇄하는데 안전하고 효과적이었으며 후에 장골 이식을 위한 건전한 피복을 제공하였다. 그리고 치조열 결손의 순측면까지 완전히 피복하기 위한 목적으로 양측성 치조열에 적용되도록 재단된 Y-형의 변형은 결과가 믿을 만하였으며 합병증도 무시할 만 하였다.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.165-182
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• 2016

본 논문은 동아시아의 주요 컨테이너항만 간의 경쟁 및 보완 관계를 분석하는 데 그 의의가 있다. 분석의 대상이 되는 항만들은 컨테이너 기종점 물동량 규모로 세계 최대인 중국의 6개 주요 항만과 환적 물동량 규모로 세계 최대인 싱가포르, 홍콩, 부산의 항만이며, 지리적으로는 동아시아에 밀집된 항만들이다. 본 연구에서는 2008년부터 2015년까지의 월간 컨테이너 물동량에 대한 시계열 자료를 이용하여 항만 간의 동태적 관계를 분석하였으며, 벡터오차수정모형(Vector Error Correction Model)에 기초하여 다음과 같이 분석하였다. 먼저 그랜저 인과관계 검정을 통해 항만 간의 상호관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 그리고 이어서 공적뿐 검정을 통해 관련 있는 두 항만 간의 장기적인 균형관계를 살펴보고자 했으며, 아울러 충격반응함수 및 표준변차의 분산분해 과정을 통해 단기적인 영향에 대해서 밝히고자 하였다. 결과를 살펴보면, 먼저 그랜저 인과관계 검정과 공적뿐 검정의 결과, 부산과 홍콩 및 싱가포르의 환적 물동량은 중국 내륙의 주요 기종점 물동량에 대해 상호적으로 또는 일방적으로 경쟁적인 관계가 있음을 보여주었다. 그러나 환적 물동량 간의 인과관계는 상호적으로는 유의미하게 나타나지 않았으며, 공적분도 존재하지 않았다. 다만 분산분해의 결과를 통해 단기적이고 부분적으로 충격에 차지하는 비중을 확인해 본 결과 홍콩항의 환적 물동량이 부산항과 싱가포르항의 환적 물동량에 차지하는 비중이 높아지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 충격반응함수의 결과를 종합해 보면, 분석의 대부분에서 2기가 지나는 시점에 충격의 여파가 최대가 되며, 6기가 지나면서 그 충격은 소멸되었다. 본 연구에서 분석한 결과로 확인할 수 있는 것은 환적 항만 간의 관계가 경쟁적이라고 할 수 없다는 사실과 오히려 기종점 항만과 환적 항만의 경쟁 관계가 발생한다는 것이다. 이것은 기종점 물동량에 의해 파생된 환적 물동량이 기종점 물동량의 증가에 따라 항상 증가하지 않으며 오히려 감소될 수 있음을 설명하고 있다.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.162-169
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• 2011

Branchial cleft anomalies are the second most common head and neck congenital lesions seen in children. Amongst the branchial cleft malformations, second cleft lesions account for 95 % of the branchial anomalies. This article analyzes all the cases of second branchial cleft anomalies operated on at Seoul National University Hospital from September 1995 to February 2011. We analyzed sex, age, symptom and sign, accompanied anomaly, diagnosis, treatment, pathologic report and outcome via retrospective review of medical records. In this series, we had 61 patients (27 female and 34 male). The mean age at the time of operation was 38 months. 31 lesions were on the right, 20 were on the left and 10 were bilateral. The most frequent chief complaints at presentation were non-tender mass and cervical opening without any discharge. According to anatomic type, 29 patients had branchial cleft sinuses, 14 had cysts, 14 had fistulas and 4 had skin tags. Complete excision was attempted if possible and antibiotics challenged when infection was suspected. Complete excision was achieved in 96.7 % of cases. Incision and drainage was done in 2 cases due to severe inflammation, and both recurred. Postoperative complications included wound infection in 2 cases. Microscopic examonation revealed squamous epithelium in 90.2 % and squamous metaplasia in one case in the branchial cleft cyst wall. In summary, second branchial anomaly is found more frequently on right side of neck. Fistulas are diagnosed earlier than cystic forms. Most cases could be diagnosed by physical examination. The definitive treatment is complete excision and sufficient antibiotics coverage for cases with inflammation. After drainage of infected lesions, follow up excision after 1 year might be beneficial for preventing recurrence.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.20-24
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• 2016

Background: Midface concavity is a relatively common facial feature in East Asian populations. Paranasal augmentation is becoming an increasingly popular procedure for patients with mild concavity and normal occlusion. In this study, we evaluate clinical outcomes following a series of paranasal augmentation. Methods: A retrospective review was performed for patients with Class I occlusion who had undergone bilateral paranasal augmentation using custom-made silicone implants, between October 2005 and September 2013. Patient charts were reviewed for demographic information, concomitant operations, and postoperative complications. Preoperative and postoperative (1-month) photographs were used to evaluate operative outcome. Results: The review identified a total of 93 patients meeting study criteria. Overall, aesthetic outcomes were satisfactory. Five-millimeter thick silicone implant was used in 81 cases, and the mean augmentation was 4.26 mm for this thickness. Among the 93 patients, 2 patients required immediate implant removal due to discomfort. An additional 3 patients experienced implant migration without any extrusion. Nine patients complained of transient paresthesia, which had resolved by 2 weeks. There were no cases of hematoma or infection. All patients reported improvement in their lateral profile and were pleased at follow-up. Complications that arose postoperatively included 9 cases of numbness in the upper lip and 3 cases of implant migration. All cases yielded satisfactory results without persisting complications. Sensations were fully restored postoperatively after 1 to 2 weeks. Conclusion: Paranasal augmentation with custom-made silicone implants is a simple, safe, and inexpensive method that can readily improve the lateral profile of a patient with normal occlusion. When combined with other aesthetic procedures, paranasal augmentation can synergistically improve outcome and lead to greater patient satisfaction.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.438-445
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• 2015

Background Breast auto-augmentation (BAA) using an inferior pedicle dermoglandular flap aims to redistribute the breast tissue in order to increase the fullness in the upper pole and enhance the central projection of the breast at the time of mastopexy in women who want to avoid implants. The procedure achieves mastopexy and an increase in breast volume. Methods Between 2003 and 2014, 107 BAA procedures were performed in 53 patients (51 bilateral, 2 unilateral and 3 reoperations) with primary or secondary ptosis of the breast associated with loss of fullness in the upper pole (n=45) or undergoing explantation combined with capsulectomy (n=8). Six patients (11.3%) had prior mastopexy and 2 (3.7%) patients had prior reduction mammoplasty. The mean patients' age was 41 years (range, 19-66 years). All patients had preoperative and postoperative photographs and careful preoperative markings. Follow-up ranged from 6 months to 9 years (mean, 6.6 months). Results The range of elevation of the nipple was from 6 to 12 cm (mean, 8 cm). The wounds healed completely with no complications in 50 (94.3%) patients. Three patients had complications including 2 (3.7%) hematomas and 1 (1.9%) partial necrosis of the nipple-areola complex. Three (5.7%) patients were dissatisfied with the level of mastopexy achieved underwent a further procedure. No patient complained of scar hypertrophy. Conclusions BAA is a versatile technique for women with small breasts associated with primary or secondary ptosis. It is also an effective technique for the salvage of breasts after capsulectomy and explantation.