• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.229-239
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• 2005

Purpose: The objective of this study was to provide an understanding of the difficulties for facing parents of children with terminal cancer. Method: The design of this study was an inductive and descriptive study. Thirty???]one parents of children with terminal cancer participated in???]depth were interviewed s. C in depth and content analysis was used for analyzing the data. Results: The main categories in the findings were 'difficulties in coping', 'physical and psychological suffering of children', 'suffering of family', 'bereavement with children', 'economic problems', 'incurable situation', 'preparation of death', 'social isolation', 'coping after a child dies', 'spiritual problems', receiving active treatment', 'informing children of their condition', 'a sense of meaninglessness', 'emotional iunstability', and 'giving up hope'. Conclusion: The main point identified from this result in this study was that parents who have a child with terminal cancer don't never give up the hope of recovery for their child even when the child is in by the terminal stage of their children, even though and they are unwillingly to prepare for their child's death. This is a unique characteristic in the attitude of the families' attitude in child hospice care and differs from that found in adult hospice care. This result can be used as an important guide for nurses to in assessing the parents' needs in the terminal care setting.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.270-281
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• 2005

Purpose: The objective of this study was to understand the caring experience of families with terminal cancer patients. Method: This was designed to be an inductive and descriptive study. Forty-seven families with terminal cancer patients were interviewed in depth and collected data were examined through content analysis. Result: The main categories of difficulties found in this study were 'suffering of patient', 'emotional suffering of family', 'bereavement of patient', 'difficulties in coping', 'problems in treatment', 'incurable situation', 'family problems', 'relationship with other people', 'economic problems', 'spiritual problems', 'problems in the future', 'informing patients of their condition', 'preparing death', 'emotional unstability', 'meaninglessness', 'unkindness of medical teams', 'poor environment for treatment', 'difficulties in hospital environment' and 'economic burden'. Conclusion: The main point found from this result was that families taking care of terminal cancer patients are suffering emotionally from watching the patients' pains and had difficulties in coping with the patients' situation and treatment. In addition, they had negative experiences in medical teams' attitude and hospital environment. This result can be used as an important guide for nurses to assess families' needs in the terminal care setting.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.121-132
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• 2003

This study has been performed to explore main reasons for staying in paid elderly residential care facilities among the residents. In this study, five males and seven females aged 65 to 82 were asked about main reasons for staying in the facilities. The answers of the qualitative interview were drawn as follows; first, some residents had suddenly decided to move into the facility due to critical life events such as bereavement, serious illness, or supporting problems. Second, some residents had taken a long period of considerations on whether staying home or in the facilities, because their health and family supports gradually diminished over the long life span. On the other hand, a few of them voluntarily chose to stay at the facilities, because they recognized supervised group activities, nutritionally well-planned meals, and health care as major inconveniences. In this study, suggestions were made as follows: first, guiding and settlement programs should be developed for the residents of the sudden events, particularly at early stage of admission. Second, intensive nursing care units should be in separation from healthy independent groups, so that the residents are relieved from stressful contacts with extremely ill patients in the residential area.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.75-92
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• 1985

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the psychological/physical home environment, and children's moral judgement and moral behaviors. The subjects for this study were a normal group of 58 children and a delinquent group of 54 children. The normal children were selected from elementary and middle schools in Taegu city, and the delinquent children were from two juvenile prisons in the Taegu area. Children's moral judgement scores were measured by levels of moral judgement as conceptualized by Kohlberg. The major findings of this study were that: 1) There were significant differences between the normal and delinquent groups on democratic conduct, permissive attitude, degree of intimacy between parent and child, and materialism orientation. 2) There were significant differences between the normal and delinquent group on life or death of real parent, living with parents, separation, bereavement or divorce, mother's age, father's educational level, and father's occupational level. 3) There were significant differences between the normal and delinquent group on children's moral judgement scales. 4) Father's educational level was the best index for predicting psychological and physical home environment variables and differences between normal and delinquent children on level of moral judgement.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.89-108
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors influencing life satisfaction in widowhood among older females. Using the sixth Korean Retirement and Income Study (KReIS) supplementary survey data, a total sample of 1,471 women aged 65 or older whose spouse had died were selected, divided into 508 young-old (65-74), 745 middle-old (75-84), and 218 oldest-old (85+). Then, factors influencing the life satisfaction of these three groups were analyzed, based on a combination of perceived health and interpersonal satisfaction levels. It was found that among the young-old group, a higher level of subjective health perception indicated by monthly income and material support and interpersonal satisfaction linked to more frequent participation in community gathering combined for an overall higher level of life satisfaction. For the middle-old group, higher life satisfaction was provided by monthly income, informational support, and material support for subjective health perception and no diseases for interpersonal satisfaction. The oldest-old group with higher life satisfaction referred to monthly income for subjective health perception and no experience in donation activities for interpersonal satisfaction. Based on these findings, this study provides implications for policy and practice to improve the life satisfaction of elderly women who have experienced their spouse's death.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.277-286
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was done to develop a death education program for nursing students and evaluate the effects of the program. Methods: The education program was developed based on ADDIE model. The death education program was developed on the base of educational needs, a comprehensive review of the literature and focus group interviews and then evaluated with 53 nursing students, 27 in the experimental and 26 in the control group. Measurement was done for the meaning of life using the tool by Choi et al (2005) for attitudes concerning death, the tool Thorson and Powell (1998) revised by Kim (2006) and for attitude to end-of-life patient care, the Attitudes toward Nursing Care of the Dying Scale by Frommelt (1991) translated by Cho and Kim (2005). Results: The program consisted of five sessions: Understanding of death, Family bereavement care, Communication and End-of-life patient care, Professional role, and Ethics and legal issues There was a statistically significant difference between pretest and posttest for the meaning of life in the experimental group compared to the control group. About 82% of students in the experimental group were satisfied with the program. Conclusion: The results indicate that this program can be used to educate nursing students.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.585-594
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to understand the effect of factors, possibilities, and desires on oral examination experience behavior of the elderly using raw data from the 2017 Community Health Survey. Methods: Hierarchical logistic regression analysis, an analysis method that controls the input order of a series of independent variables, was performed for 67,835 senior citizens aged 65 and older. Results: In terms of predisposing factors-in women, the higher the level of education, the higher the oral examination practice rate, and the lower the oral examination practice rate in divorce and bereavement among those aged 75 years or older. Regarding enabling factors, the lower the income rating, the higher the oral examination experience rate in religious and social participants as well as, leisure and charity participants, and the lower the oral examination experience rate in the natural environment. Regarding the need factors, the oral examination practice rate was high when the subjective oral health level was recognized as good. Conclusions: As a result, Anderson's model confirmed that various factors affect oral examination experience behavior, and institutional support for policy consensus is needed to promote oral examination experience behavior in older people in various directions.

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.105-130
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the moderating effect of stress coping styles on the relationships between loss experiences and depression of the men and women elderly. Method: The subjects of the study were 116 men and 156 women aged over 60 years. For the data analysis, frequency, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression were used. Results: The main results were as follows: First, elderly men reported higher role loss experience, relation loss experience, and problem-focused coping styles than elderly women. Also elderly women reported higher bereavement experience than elderly men. Second, there were main effects of health loss experience, economy loss experience, role loss experience, relation loss experience, problem-focused coping style, and emotion-focused coping style on depression of elderly men and women. Third, problem-focused coping styles moderated the relationships between physical health loss experience, economy loss experience, role loss experience and depression in the elderly men group. Last, social support-seeks coping styles moderated the relationships between economy loss experience and depression in the elderly women group. Conclusions: These results were discussed in terms of educational programs related stress coping strategies for the elderly.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.527-536
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the needs for pediatric palliative care (PPC) among parents of children with complex chronic conditions (CCCs) and to investigate differences in the needs for PPC according to their general characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between March 28 and May 18, 2018. Parents (N=96) who had a child under 18 years with a CCC were recruited. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA. Results: The overall average need for PPC was $3.58{\pm}0.33$ out of 4.00. In terms of care for the subjects' children, the highest need was physical care, followed by psychosocial and spiritual care. In the sub-dimensions, preservation of physical function received the highest score. Of the items, the highest need was for seizure control. In terms of care for the subjects themselves, the highest need was for psychosocial care, followed by bereavement and spiritual care. In the sub-dimensions, communication received the highest score. Of the items, the highest need was for smooth communication with medical staff. Differences in needs for PPC according to participants' general characteristics were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Medical staff should provide PPC according to the priorities of parents' perceived needs.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.134-141
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the current status of studies of bereaved families in Korea. Methods: We reviewed 97 studies of bereaved families, which were published between 1994 and 2013 in Korea. The studies were classified in three groups according to time, subjects, and topic. Results: First, the number of bereaved family-related studies has increased since 2010. Second, most studies focused on the whole family, and middle-age widows were also popular subjects. Third, the most popular topic was a relationship between certain variables. Conclusion: First, variables and their relations among themselves should be approached through an integrated study. Second, a systematic review is needed to assess the effects of interventions on the bereaved. Third, a qualitative research method is needed to broaden and deepen our understanding about the middle-age widowers, parents who lost their children and children who lost their parents.