• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.141-147
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• 2020

Single-layered grid space steel roof structure is an architectural system in which the structural ability of the nodal connection system greatly influences the stability of the entire structure. Many bolt connection systems have been suggested to enhance for better construct ability, but the structural behavior and maximum resistance of the connection system according to the size of bolt clearance play were difficult to identify. In particular, the identification of bending stiffness of the connection system is very important due to the characteristics of shell structures in which membrane stresses based on bending force effect significantly. To identify effective structural behavior and maximum bearing force, four representative nodal connection systems were selected and nonlinear numerical analysis were performed. The numerical analysis considering the size of the bolt clearance were performed to investigate structural behavior and maximum values of the bending force. In addition, the type of effective nodal connection system were evaluated. As a result, the connection system, which has two shear plane, represented high bending stiffness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.64-72
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• 2022

Gear designers need to select the proper tolerances for deviations in both the center distance and parallelism of axes because these deviations cause high stresses and lead to fatigue breakage of the teeth. In this study, a three-dimensional finite element analysis model was developed for a helical gear used in metro vehicles, and a bending stress analysis method for gear pairs was established according to the contact position change. Using this model, the effect of shaft misalignment due to the center distance and shaft parallelism deviations on the bending stress of the gear was analyzed. As a result, the magnitude of the bending stress changed nearly linearly with the change in the center distance deviation. The tooth contact of the helical gear is biased toward the end of the tooth width when the parallelism deviations of the shaft occur, and the tooth root bending stress increases.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.176-181
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• 2016

The exhaust tail pipe is the only visible part of the exhaust system on a vehicle. The conventional way to make the tail pipe is welding after stamping. There are various problems that occur during the stamping of stainless steel sheets such as scratching and local fracture. Problems during welding can also occur due to poor weldability. Tube hydroforming can be a solution, which eliminates these problems. The current study deals with the development of tube hydroforming for a vehicle tail pipe using finite element analysis for a free-feeding method. The current study focuses on the development of a proper load path for the tail pipe hydroforming and how bending influences the subsequent processing steps. The FE analysis results were compared with experimental results. This study shows the importance of bending and the necessity of considering bending when performing a tube hydroforming analysis.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.63-80
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• 1994

A cable is considered as a system of helical wires and a core with distributed dry friction forces at their interfaces. Deformations of the cable subjected to a uniform bending are analyzed. It is shown that there is a critical bending curvature when a slip at the wire-core interface occurs. It originates at the neutral axis of the cross section of the cable and then spreads symmetrically over the cross section with the increase of bending. The effect of slippage on the cable stiffness is investigated. This model is also used to analyze a cable under the quasi-static cyclic bending. Explicit expression for the hysteretic losses per cycle of bending is derived. Numerical examples are given to show the influence of dry friction and helix angle on the bending stiffness and hysteretic losses in the cable.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.390-397
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• 2014

BO-105 helicopter applies hingeless rotor hub system and blade root uses a flexure of hingeless rotor hub system. So bending stiffness reinforcement for flexure was conducted for preparation of whirl tower test using BO-105 blade. Bending moment of flexure area was calculated with FE modeling of section shape for stiffness reinforcement of flexure and thickness of composite material for reinforcement was chosen. Flexure bending stiffness reinforcement was conducted and bending stiffness measurement test was performed before and after bending stiffness reinforcement. And the test data are compared with analysis results.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.552-558
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• 2013

In recent years the interest on flexible display has been increasing as a future display due to its bendable characteristics. An ITO(indium tin oxide) layer, which is part of a flexible display, can be broken easily while bending because it is made of brittle materials. This brittle property can cause the malfunction of flexible display. To analyze fracture characteristics of ITO layer, bending test was conducted commonly. However, it is not possible to know specific phenomena on bended ITO layer by simple bending test only. Accordingly, in this study, the FE(finite element) model is developed similarly to a real flexible display to analyze stress distribution of flexible display under bending condition, especially on ITO layer. To validate FE model, actual bending test was conducted and the test results were compared with the simulation results by measuring reaction forces during bending. By using the developed model, FE analysis about the effect of design parameter (Thickness & Young's Modulus of BL) on ITO Layer was performed. By explained FE analysis above, this research draws a conclusion of reliable design guide of flexible display, especially on ITO layer.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.91-99
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• 2020

This study proposes a finite element (FE) model for predicting the bending strength of small gears used in electro-mechanical actuators for aircraft. First, a strain gauge was attached to the tooth root of test gear, and the strain was measured. Subsequently, the FE model was applied to calculate the strain of the test gear, and the modeled strain was compared with the experimental strain. The results confirmed that the FE strain was very close to the experimental strain and the FE model was valid. This FE model was extended to the bending strength analysis of several small gear tooth models. The bending strengths of all the tooth models were almost identical to the ISO theoretical bending strength. Finally, the FE model was validated and the reliability of the modeled bending strength was evaluated through the strain measurement experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.80-87
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• 2020

The currently observed trend in car manufacturing is to increase energy-efficiency by producing lighter cars. This study examines the replacement of particular parts, specifically around the impact beam, with material composites 30% lighter than conventional steel currently used. The shape of the impact beam was determined as the trapezoidal cross-sectional area with central reinforcement, using three-point bending analysis. A prototype was fabricated based on the findings of our study and its performance was evaluated by the three-point bending analysis; 2 ply of aramid applied for its displacement. The performance of the final prototype for the door assembly was evaluated using a side-door strength test, which resulted to measured initial strength of 10.5 KN and intermediate strength of 15.6 KN. This research provides a promising solution for better impact beam manufacturing.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.22 no.3 s.168
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• pp.162-169
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• 2005

The functional external fixator system fur bone deformity near joints in legs using the worm gear was developed for curing the difference angles in fracture bone and the lengthening bar for curing the difference length in fracture bone. Both experiments and FE analysis were performed to compare the elastic stiffness in several loading modes and to improve the functional external fixator system for the bone deformity. The FE model using the compressive and bending FE analysis was applied to the FE analysis due to the angle differences. The results show that the compressive stiffness value in experiment was 175.43N/mm; the bending stiffness value in experiment was 259.74N/mm; compressive stiffness value in FEM was 188.67N/mm; bending stiffness value in FEA was 285.71N/mm. The errors between experiments and FEA were less than 10%. The maximum stress (157MPa) to the angle of clamp was lower than the yield stress (176.4MPa) of SUS316L. The stiffnesses in both axial compressive and bending of the new fixator are about 2 times higher than other products except EBI (2003).

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.87-95
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• 2001

Although asymmetric beams are widely used in industry, few research results are available on the dynamic modeling and analysis of structure including asymmetric beams. Asymmetric beams cause complicated vibration phenomena due to the inherent bending-torsion coupled vibration. In this paper, an exact dynamic element matrix for the bending-torsion coupled vibration of asymmetric beam is derived. The application of the derived exact dynamic element matrix is demonstrated by some illustrative examples wherein the natural frequencies by the proposed modeling method are compared with those available in the literature. Another numerical example is also illustrated which deals with a general beam with joints. The numerical study shows that the exact dynamic element model is useful for the dynamic analysis of asymmetric bending-torsion coupled beams.