• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.453-463
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• 2017

This paper discusses the measurement of frequency response functions for various dc-dc converters. The frequency domain identification procedure is applied to the measured frequency responses. The identified transfer functions are primarily used in developing behavioral models for dc-dc converters. Distributed power systems are based upon such converters in cascade, parallel and several other configurations. The system level analysis of a complete system becomes complex when the identified transfer functions are of high order. Therefore, a certain technique needs to be applied for order reduction of the identified transfer functions. During the process of order reduction, it has to be ensured that the system retains the dynamics of the full order system. The technique used here is based on the Hankel singular values of a system. A systematic procedure is given to retain the maximum energy states for the reduced order model. A dynamic analysis is performed for behavioral models based on full and reduced order frequency responses. The close agreement of results validates the effectiveness of the model order reduction. Stability is the key design objective for any system designer. Therefore, the measured frequency responses at the interface of the source and load are also used to predict stability of the system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.611-620
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• 2015

This study was conducted on wine consumers to explore their behavioral characteristics concerning their drinking frequency of wine, wine selection factors, and difficulties in selecting wines. Data were collected during February 19th 2014 to April 20th 2014. Respondents were students who were taking classes about wine at a University located in the Gyeonggi-do area. Prior to the analysis, wine consumers were classified based on frequency of consumption: those who consumed wine less than once a month were classified as "Tell me consumers", whereas those who consumed wine once or more a month were classified as "Engage me consumers." The wine selection factors of the two groups were as follows: 'label aspect', 'taste and aroma', 'use purpose', and 'price and recommendation'. Regarding 'label aspect' and 'use purpose', there were significant differences between the two groups. Regarding difficulties in selecting wines, "Tell me consumers" mentioned the following: 'experience', 'price', and 'food pairing'. "Engage me consumers" mentioned the following: 'ability to identify new wines' and 'tastes of others who drink with or oneself'. Classifying domestic wine consumers and their behavioral features of drinking frequency of wine can be used for market segmentation of wine consumers.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.253-260
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• 2024

Objective: The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of once-a-day milk feeding on growth performance and routine behavior of preweaning dairy calves. Methods: At 22nd day of age, twenty-four Holstein calves were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups (n = 12/treatment) based on milk feeding frequency (MF): i) 3 L of milk feeding two times a day; ii) 6 L of milk feeding once a day. The milk feeding amount was reduced to half for all calves between 56 and 60 days of age and weaning was done at 60 days of age. To determine the increase in weight and structural measurements, each calf was weighed and measured at 3 weeks of age and then at weaning. The daily behavioral activity of each calf was assessed from the 22nd day of age till weaning (60th day of age) through Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek (NEDAP) software providing real-time data through a logger fitted on the calf's foot. Results: There was no interaction (p≥0.17) between MF and sex of the calves for routine behavioral parameters, body weight and structural measurements. Similarly, there was no effect of MF on routine behavioral parameters, body weight and structural measurements. However, the sex of the calves affected body weight gain in calves. Male calves had 27% greater total body weight and average daily gain than female calves. There was no effect of the sex of the calves on behavioral measurements. Collectively, in the current study, no negative effects of a once-a-day milk feeding regimen were found on routine behavioral and growth parameters of preweaning calves in group housing. Conclusion: Once-a-day milk feeding can be safely adopted in preweaning calves from 22nd day of age.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.31-43
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• 2022

Purpose: Service quality is a topic of constant interest in marketing research and practitioners. Service quality is an important factor influencing performance even in the context of coffee shops, and research on service quality management strategies continues by coffee shop researchers and practitioners. The service quality of coffee shops is a source of competitive advantage and is an important factor in enhancing customer and business performance. This study aims to identify the effects of cognitive evaluation on emotional and behavioral responses using a cognitive-emotional-behavioral framework and SOR model in the coffee shop context. Cognitive evaluation (service quality) consists of tangibles, responsiveness, assurance, reliability, and empathy dimensions. Research design, data, and methodology: In the proposed model, positive and negative emotions and satisfaction mediate the relationship between service quality and money to spend and visit frequency. The data were collected from customers who visited a coffee shop within the last 1 month. The survey was conducted for about one month. Among a total of 300 distributed questionnaires 261 responses were used for data analysis. The data were analyzed using frequency analysis, measurement model analysis, and structural equation modeling analysis with SPSS 28.0 and SmartPLS 4.0. Results: Tangibles, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy had significant positive effects on positive emotion, while only reliability had a significant negative effect on negative emotion. Both positive and negative emotions had significant positive effects on customer satisfaction, but not on money to spend and visit frequency. Lastly, customer satisfaction had significant positive effects on money to spend and visit frequency. Conclusions: The study revealed the relative weight of cognitive factors on customer emotions and confirmed the validity of SOR model. The fact that tangibility is the most important factor in increasing positive emotions and reliability is the most important factor in reducing negative emotions provides a direction for emotional branding strategies using the service quality mix of coffee shops. This study confirmed the full mediating role of satisfaction between positive and negative emotions and consumer behaviors (money to spend and visit frequency). This infers that when a coffee shop increases customer satisfaction through customer emotion management, the customer's money to spend and visit frequency in the coffee shop increases.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.217-222
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• 1999

Changes in certain fish behaviors are known to be very sensitive indicators of sublethal exposure to environmental contaminants. Therefore, behavioral toxicity tests, if properly designed, can be very useful to assess the influence of hazardous chemicals on fish. However, quantitative analysis of xenobiotic-mediated changes in locomotor behavior in fishes are rare, due mainly to the methodological difficulties. In general, fish movement has been known to be hypertrophic or hypotrophic according to the chemicals. As a study of fish behavioral toxicities, we qualified the swimming movement of Oryzias latipes using computer-automated video tracking system. Oryzias latipes was exposed to cadmium of 128 mg/L for 1 hour in a limited aquaria, then the total swimming distance, the average swimming velocity, the histogram of turning angles, and the turning frequency were analyzed. Fish treated with cadmium showed decreased swimming activities, decreased velocity, and decreased turning frequency, which means hypotrophic activity. From these results, the computer-automated video tracking system of this study seems to be a good tool for the evaluation of the potential ecotoxicological studies.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of four types of environmental enrichment on the improvement of companion dogs' behavioral problems due to separation anxiety. A total of 21 dogs of various breeds were included in the study. Data were collected to investigate the behaviors associated with anxiety in dogs, including vocalization, elimination, escape attempts, and destructiveness. A first stage, in which the dog and owner were together (P0), lasted 15 min, and a second stage, in which the dog and owner were separated (P1), lasted 15 min. After the dog and owner were separated (P1), the third stage (P2), during which the environment was enriched, lasted 20 min, and the fourth stage, following environment enrichment (P3), lasted 15 min. The results of the study indicated that compared to P0, the frequency of problematic behavior was highest during the 15 min following separation from the owner (P1). Following environmental enrichment, the average frequency of problematic behaviors in P2 decreased (P < 0.001) compared to P1. Environmental enrichment can also be used appropriately in the case of companion dogs, including shelter dogs or experimental dogs that use a limited kennel, and is a particularly effective means of improving the quality of life of dogs.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.523-540
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• 2015

This study examines the structural relationships between service quality, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions in responsible tourism. In particular, the study focuses on moderating effects of age. Data were collected from 471 tourists from seven responsible tourism agencies. SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 18.0 were used for frequency, reliability, exploratory factor, confirmatory factor, and path analyses. The results of a exploratory factor analysis yield two dimensions of service quality (functional quality and technical quality). The results of structural equation modeling indicate that functional quality and technical quality had positive effects on satisfaction, which in turn had a positive effect on behavioral intentions. In addition, age moderated the relationships between service quality, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions such that functional quality had a positive effect on satisfaction in the group of tourists in their twenties and thirties and that functional quality and technical quality were important factors for tourists in their forties. The results are expected to help responsible tourism communities better manage service quality to increase tourist satisfaction.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2023

This study aims to examine the structural relationships among rurality perception, tourism attitude, and behavioral intention in rural healing tourism. Particularly, this study focused on the mediation effect of attitude. Data were collected from 658 rural healing tourists by online survey. SPSS 28.0 and AMOS 28.0 were used for frequency, exploratory factor, confirmatory factor, and structural equation modeling analyses. The results of structural equation modeling indicate perception of rurality had a positive effect on attitude and behavioral intention. In addition, attitude mediated the relationships between perception of rurality and behavioral intention. The results of this study suggest the importance of understanding the interests and pursuits of rural healing tourists and providing them with the values they want. Since rurality has a direct influence on attracting healing tourists, it is necessary to establish a positive image of rural healing tourism.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2236-2257
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• 2020

Ransomware is malicious software that encrypts the user-related files and data and holds them to ransom. Such attacks have become one of the serious threats to cyberspace. The avoidance techniques that ransomware employs such as obfuscation and/or packing makes it difficult to analyze such programs statically. Although many ransomware detection studies have been conducted, they are limited to a small portion of the attack's characteristics. To this end, this paper proposed a framework for the behavioral-based dynamic analysis of high survivable ransomware (HSR) with integrated valuable feature sets. Term Frequency-Inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) was employed to select the most useful features from the analyzed samples. Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were utilized to develop and implement a machine learning-based detection model able to recognize certain behavioral traits of high survivable ransomware attacks. Experimental evaluation indicates that the proposed framework achieved an area under the ROC curve of 0.987 and a few false positive rates 0.007. The experimental results indicate that the proposed framework can detect high survivable ransomware in the early stage accurately.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.314-319
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• 2002

To inspect how the different sensitivities in BAS (or BIS) moderate on the HRV pattern stimulated by positive or negative affective sound, we measured the electrocardiogram (ECG) of 25 students, consisted of 4 groups depending on the BAS (or BIS) sensitivity, while listening music or being exposed to noise. The power spectral density of HRV was derived from the ECG, and the power of HRV was calculated for 3 major frequency ranges (low frequency [LF], medium frequency [MF], and high frequency [HF]). We found that the index MF/(LF+HF), while listening music, was 20 % higher in the individuals with a low BIS but high BAS than in the individuals with a low sensitivity In both BIS and BAS. Moreover, in the former group this index was 30 % higher while listening music than while being exposed to noise. From these results we suggest that individuals with a low BIS but high BAS be more sensitive to positive affective stimuli than other groups, and the index MF/(LF+HF) be applicable to evaluate positive affects.