• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.161-167
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• 2002

Research on diet, acculturation, and ethnicity has suggested that immigrants dietary patterns differ from people who do not have immigration experience. The purpose of this paper is to present preliminary descriptive findings concerning consumption of foods that are common in Korean and American diets, by people of Korean descent residing in California. Adults (18 years of age or older, N=1334) of Korean descent who could be reached by listed residential telephone number in California were randomly selected and telephone-interviewed by closely supervised bilingual (Korean-English) interviewers who were specially trained for this task. This study found that dietary patterns of Koreans living in California differed according to age and gender; also, the frequency of consumption of foods differed according to number of years of residence and acculturation. Koreans who reported higher levels of acculturation to American society ate less of traditional Korean foods such as Kimchi and ate significantly more higher-fat foods common in the American diet. Increased acculturation was also related to an increased frequency of alcohol drinking. Older Koreans tended to eat slightly more of traditional foods such as rice, Kimchi, fruits, and fish, compared to younger Koreans. Women tended to eat healthier foods than men, consuming green vegetables, Kimchi, milk, cheese/yogurt, fruits, and bread more frequently. Koreans reporting longer residences in the United States reported a greater consumption of pork, bread, and soda.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.125-131
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• 2012

Impulsiveness is an important component of many psychiatric disorders including Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although the neurobiological basis of ADHD is unresolved, behavioral tests in animal models have become indispensable tools for improving our understanding of this disorder. In the punishment/extinction paradigm, impulsivity is shown by subjects that persevere with responding despite punishment or unrewarded responses. Exploiting this principle, we developed a new behavioral test that would evaluate impulsivity in the most validated animal model of ADHD of the Spontaneously Hypertensive rat (SHR) as compared with the normotensive "control" strain, the Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY). In this paradigm we call the Electro-Foot Shock aversive water Drinking test (EFSDT), water-deprived rats should pass over an electrified quadrant of the EFSDT apparatus to drink water. We reasoned that impulsive animals show increased frequency to drink water even with the presentation of an aversive consequence (electro-shock). Through this assay, we showed that the SHR was more impulsive than the WKY as it demonstrated more "drinking attempts" and drinking frequency. Methylphenidate, the most widely used ADHD medication, significantly reduced drinking frequency of both SHR and WKY in the EFSDT. Thus, the present assay may be considered as another behavioral tool to measure impulsivity in animal disease models, especially in the context of ADHD.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.978-981
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• 1999

In this paper, an improved integer-N frequency synthesizer that can be synthesized into smaller channel space than input signal frequency is presented. The proposed frequency synthesizer also has an characteristics of fast phase locking time. The frequency synthesizer performed in the manner that it divides various outputs of different phases in VCO by means of dividers that have different control signals respectively and then add the divided signal. In order to confirm the characteristics of proposed frequency synthesizer, behavioral and SPICE simulations are performed using C-language and HSPICE respectively.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.161-176
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• 2002

Among the causes of childhood behavioral problems - that is, physiological, psychological, and environmental factors -, the common element of non-organic psychological and environmental factors is influences from the parents. Roles of mother who does the biggest emotional exchange with the child after birth may have substantial association with the childhood behavioral problems. In this connection, the present explanatory study was conducted for the purpose of understanding the causal structural relationship in which mother's child caring behaviors affect child behavioral problems. The data collection period was July 2 - 7, 2001. The subject was 4th, 5th, 6th graders' mothers in 4 elementary schools located in Daejoen city and 299 surveys were used in the analysis. As for the tools used in this study to assess the mother's child caring Behavior Scale by Park, Seong-Yeon and Yi, Sook (1990) was used to measure the mother's behaviors. The child behavioral problems were measured with the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL), standardized into the Korean version by O, Gyung-Ja, Yi, Hye-Ryon, Hong, Gang-Eui, and Ha, Eun-Hye. For the data processing, the frequency and the percentage were calculated, and the analyses of variance, correlation were carried out. The result of this study is summarized as follows: First, the examination of the effect of mother's general characteristics on the mother's caring behavior shows that significant differences are made by the active participation (p=0.020) in the occupation, affection(p=0.000), authority control(p=0.013), achievement(p=0.030), active participation(p=0.032) in the education level, consistency regulation(p=0.007) in the religion. Second, the examination of the effect of mother's caring behaviors on the child behavioral problems shows that significant differences are made by some child behavioral problems in the affection, achievement, consistency regulation, authority control, over protection caring behaviors. Third, as for the correlation between mother's child caring behavior and child behavioral problems, a significant correlation is revealed between the negative child caring behavior and child behavioral problems.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.59-70
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of family economic distress, paternal depression, marital relationship, and controlling parenting style on behavioral problems in young children and to present a program for their reduction. The participants of this study were 344 fathers, whose young children were attending kindergartens located in Cheongju city. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and Pearson's productive correlation, t and F-tests via the SPSS 12.0 program, with the path model analyzed using the AMOS 7.0 program. There were six paths where family economic distress, mediated by paternal depression, marital relationship, controlling parenting style, had effects on the behavioral problems in young children. However, the path where family economic distress had an indirect effect on the behavioral problems in young children via paternal depression and marital relationship appeared to be the most influential. Also, paternal depression appeared to have the most impact on young children's behavioral problems.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.43-60
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• 2024

Purpose: According to previous studies, customer experience had a significant effect on consumer behaviors. In this perspective, this study investigates the structural relationship among customer experience, resort use satisfaction, and customer behavioral intentions, with focus on the mediating role of resort use satisfaction. Research design, data, and methodology: Data collected from 361 individuals who had experienced the resort service were analyzed using SPSS 29.0 and AMOS 29.0, involving frequency analysis, HTMT, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation model testing. Result: Firstly, cognitive, and relational experiences had significant effect on resort use satisfaction. Secondly, resort use satisfaction had significant effect on customer behavioral intentions. Thirdly, resort use satisfaction had partial mediating effects in the relationship between customer experiences and customer behavioral intentions. Conclusion: This study academically confirmed the empirical link between customer experience and consumer behaviors. From a practical standpoint, it suggests the necessity of marketing activities that enhance customers' perception of their experiences, as well as resort use satisfaction and customer behavioral intentions, through systematic CS education and management of the physical environment.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.395-402
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to develop the service and product perceptions' dimensions for fashion retail sites and to identify the service and product perceptions' dimensions influencing consumers' satisfaction and purchasing behavioral intentions for fashion retail sites. A set of self-administered questionnaires were e-mailed to an internet Research Panel consisting of members who had purchased fashion products or visited fashion retail sites. 799 questionnaires were analysed using frequency, percentage, exploratory factor analysis. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, stepwise regression analysis utilizing SPSS 10.0. The service perception dimensions of fashion retail sites had reliability, convenience, incentive, responsiveness and tangibility. Online fashion product perception dimensions were product variety and product value. Consumer satisfaction was influenced by reliability, product variety, product value, convenience, incentive and responsiveness. Consumer satisfaction had a direct impact on purchasing behavioral intentions of fashion retail sites.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.103-116
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to find out the psychological characteristics of the unemployed, and their children's negative emotions and behavioral changes in the context of the increasing family dysfunction caused by the IMF economic crisis. The subjects were 184 public labor workers in Busan. They answered the questions about the psychological characteristics of themselves and their children, and their children's behavioral changes. Frequency analysis, $\chi$$^2$ test and logistic regression were used for data analyses. The results were as follows. The unemployed showed high levels of negative emotions and perceived their social supports as low. As well, they interpreted their quality of life as poor. They perceived their economic difficulty as high and the perception was influenced by negative emotions as well as the economic situation. Children of the unemployed showed middle levels of negative emotions, and positive and negative behavioral changes. These changes were influenced by their parent's psychological characteristics. In light of these results, psychological counseling services from social welfare centers are needed to be more actively supporting the families of the unemployed.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.395-404
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the structural relationships between attributes, satisfaction, and behavioral intention of rural tourism activity. For this study, an onsite survey was conducted to tourists of 35 rural tourism farms. A total of 408 samples were collected for the analysis. The SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 18.0 statistical package were used for frequency, reliability, exploratory factor, confirmatory factor, and path analysis. Through exploratory factor analysis, four dimensions of rural tourism activity attribute were identified from 20 variables: 'human resource', 'activity', 'rural culture', and 'facility and environment'. The results of structural equation modelling indicate that 'human resource', 'activity', 'rural culture' had positive effect on behavioral intention. Through the results, agritourism farm operators will be able to develop effective marketing strategy and management skill.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.111-116
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• 2021

In infants and young children, bedtime problems and night waking are common and the main presentations of insomnia. Poor sleep may critically impact the daytime functioning and mood of the child and their caregivers. A comprehensive sleep history, a sleep diary/log, and the BEARS (Bedtime problems, Excessive daytime sleepiness, Awakenings during the night, Regularity and duration of sleep, and Sleep-disordered breathing) sleep screen are useful for diagnosing sleep problems in young children. Behavioral therapies for this type of insomnia include extinction, bedtime fading with positive routines, and scheduled awakening. Previous studies of behavioral interventions for young children showed significant improvements in sleep-onset latency, night waking frequency, and night waking duration. Parent education about their child's sleep, bedtime routines, and sleep hygiene is essential for treatment.