• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.49-56
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• 2012

If cement can be manufactured with industrial byproducts such as granulated blast furnace slag, phosphogypsum, and waste lime instead of clinker, there would be many advantages, including maximum use of these industrial byproducts for high value-added resources, conservation of natural resources and energy by omitting the use of clinker, minimized environmental pollution problems caused by CO2 discharge, and reduction of the production cost. By this reason, in this study, mechanical behavior tests of non-burnt cement concrete were performed, and elasticity modulus and stress-strain relationship of non-burnt cement concrete were proposed. 6 test members were manufactured and tested according to reinforcement ratio and concrete compressive strength. By the test results, there was no difference between ordinary concrete and non-burnt cement concrete of flexural behavior. In order to verify the proposed non-burnt cement concrete model, nonlinear analytical model was derived by using strain compatibility method. By the results of comparison between test results, ordinary concrete model and proposed model, The proposed model well predicted the flexural behavior of non-burnt cement concrete.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.59-66
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to estimate the behavior and the mechanism of debris flow on the slope, which has specially various gradient plane. The numerical simulation was performed by using the Finite Differential Element method (FDM) based on the equation for the mass conservation and momentum conservation. The mechanism of flow type for debris flow is divided into three flow types which are stony debris flow, immature debris flow, and turbulent water flow, respectively. First, flow discharge, water flow depth, sediment volume concentration was investigated by variable input of flow discharge at the straight slope angle and two step inclined plane. As the input of flow discharge was decrease, flow discharge and water flow depth was increased, after the first coming debris flow only reached at the downstream. As the input of flow discharge was increased, the curve of flow discharge and flow depth was highly fluctuated. As the results of RMS ratio, the flow discharge and flow depth was lower two step slope angle than the straight slope angle. Second, the behavior of debris flow was investigated by the four cases of gradient degree at the downstream of slope angle. The band width of flow discharge and flow depth for $14^{\circ}$ between $16^{\circ}$ was higher than other gradient degree, and fluctuation curve was continuously high after 10 seconds.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2013

Fog deposition onto the cool-temperate deciduous forest around Lake Mashu in northern Japan was estimated by the inferential method using the parameterizations of deposition velocity and liquid water content of fog (LWC). Two parameterizations of fog deposition velocity derived from field experiments in Europe and numerical simulations using a detailed multi-layer atmosphere-vegetation-soil model were tested. The empirical function between horizontal visibility (VIS) and LWC was applied to produce hourly LWC as an input data for the inferential method. Weekly mean LWC computed from VIS had a good correlation with LWC sampled by an active string-fog collector. By considering the enhancement of fog deposition due to the edge effect, fog deposition calculated by the inferential method using two parameterizations of deposition velocity agreed with that computed from throughfall data. The results indicated that the inferential method using the current parameterizations of deposition velocity and LWC can provide a rough estimation of water input due to fog deposition onto cool-temperature deciduous forests. Limitations of current parameterizations of deposition velocity related to wind speed, evaporation loss of rain and fog droplets intercepted by tree canopies, and leaf area index were discussed.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.64-68
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• 2009

This study is done in order to find the solutions that we are facing on social and ecological crisis around the world. The basic survey was done on college students who will mostly become city residents in the future. Students collect information about the amount of the waste and the way of disposition for a week. The analysis how they produce and dispose waste will show what influence their behavioral decisions. The findings are first, students are very conscious of the importance of environmental conservation. But they value little and they don't have proper knowledge. Second, sex was the decisive factor, women tend to behave eco-friendly. But the more they are conscious about environment, the less they behave eco-friendly. The more they spend allowances, the less they are conscious of environment. Third, they recycle waste at home during the weekend, but not during weekdays at school because there is no recycling bin or they are not economically responsible.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.144-153
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• 2022

Background: Bamboo forests provides benefits for nature and the welfare of the people of Turen in Malang Regency and Sumbermujur in Lumajang Regency. They interact with the forest to live through the development of forest potential based on local wisdom. This is believed to prevent various adverse impacts on the forest. Local wisdom is related to beliefs or/and taboos, ethics and rules, techniques and technology, as well as forest/ land management traditions carried out by the community in building, managing forests, and Turen springs in Malang Regency and Sumbermujur in Lumajang Regency. Therefore, it is important to study the potential of bamboo forests in Turen and Sumbermujur for ecotourism, the development of bamboo forest ecotourism in Turen and Sumbermujur based on local wisdom, and the potential of bamboo forests in Turen and Sumbermujur in sustainable spring conservation. Results: Bamboo forest ecotourism has become an attractive tourist attraction. It is also beneficial for environmental conservation and the welfare of the surrounding community. The potential of bamboo forests in ecotourism development consists of various types of old bamboo that are fertile which offer environmentally friendly tourism activities by prioritizing aspects of nature conservation and socio-cultural empowerment of the local community. This cannot be separated from the belief that bamboo has supernatural powers (as a protector), so they do not dare to take or damage the existing bamboo. This behavior has a positive impact on springs that are still sustainable. Conclusions: Therefore, the charm of the bamboo forest is a potential that can be developed through ecotourism based on local wisdom. The development of bamboo forest ecotourism based on local wisdom is able to meet the living needs of the surrounding community.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.155-160
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• 2019

The use of recycled aggregate concrete for the purpose of environmental and resource conservation has gained increasing interest in construction engineering. Nevertheless, few studies have reported on the bonding performance of the bars in recycled aggregate concrete after exposed to high temperatures. In this paper, 72 pull-out specimens and 36 cubic specimens with different recycled coarse aggregate content (i.e., 0%, 50%,100%) were cast to evaluate the bond behavior between recycled aggregate concrete and steel bar after various temperatures ($20^{\circ}C$, $200^{\circ}C$, $400^{\circ}C$, $600^{\circ}C$). The results show that the recycled aggregate concrete pull-out specimens exhibited similar bond stress-slip curves at both ambient and high temperature. The bond strength declined gradually with the increase of the temperature. On the basis of a regression analysis of the experimental data, a revised bond strength mode and peak slip ratios relationship model were proposed to predict the post-heating bond-slip behavior between recycled aggregate concrete and steel bar.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.467-473
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• 2019

The amputation of body parts of wild animals can affect their activities in the wild and the behavior of mothers raising their cubs can cause behavioral characteristics in their offspring. In 2017, an Asiatic black bear was caught in a snare at the Jirisan National Park and had a right forefoot amputation. It was released into the wild the same year and gave birth to two cubs. The seasonal analysis of the behavioral rites of five females who gave birth in the same year as this individual showed specific home ranges, activity altitudes, and movement distances compared to other populations. Physical disabilities in the mother could lead to difficulties in food activity, hibernation, and cub-rearing, but the bear's maternal instincts helped to overcome difficulties in the wild and ensure the cubs' survival. It also became a special experience in the process of promoting the restoration of Asiatic black bears at Jirisan National Park. Although the Asiatic black bear's cubs, which grew up in difficult conditions compared to other populations, are not currently causing problems, continuous monitoring will help determine the success of the disabled mother cub-rearing study. Furthermore, these case studies will be used to establish long-term management directions and plans for conflicts with people from various perspectives.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.5-12
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to estimate the behavior and the mechanism of debris flow at the end of mountain side when a berm was set on the inclined plane. The numerical model was performed by using the Finite Difference Method(FDM) based on the equation for the mass conservation and momentum conservation. In order to measure the behavior of the debris flow, the debris flow of a straight channel slope and the debris flow of channel slope with 3 types of berms were compared. First, the flow discharge and the sediment volume concentration at the downstream of the channel slope, depending on the various berm width and the different inflow discharges at the upstream of the channel were analyzed. The longer the berm width, the flow discharge at the downstream of the channel was decreased and the high flow fluctuation was reduced by a berm. And it means that a berm can effect for the delay of the debris flow. Through Root Mean Square ratio(RMS) comparison, the flow discharge of the channel slope with a berm was lower than that of a straight channel slope. The longer the berm width, for the sediment volume concentration, an inflection point did not show but mild curve. Because the low sediment concentration with water mixture by a berm continuously flow at the downstream end, it will be effect for reducing the disaster caused by debris flow. The results of this study will provide useful information in predicting and preventing disaster caused by the debris flow.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.527-537
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• 2012

Green consumption refers to a variety of activities including use and purchase of eco-friendly products and services and disposing of products in an eco-friendly manner. The goal of this research was to evaluate the effects of a green consumption education and awareness program offered to young children in a university-sponsored daycare. The education and awareness program was designed to improve young children's knowledge and behaviors toward the environment through green consumption education. The program was presented to 22 5-year old children in 15-20 minutes sessions, once a week for 4 weeks. Evaluation of the program was carried out through individual interviews with the children and their mothers. Upon the completion of the green consumption education program, there were noticeable changes in children's knowledge and behavior toward the environment. Mothers of participating children reported that children's environmental behaviors changed significantly, displaying a stronger green consumption attitude. This study suggests that environmental educational program during early childhood educational is an effective way of improving children's perceptions of environmental and conservation practices.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.115-121
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• 2012

If cement could be manufactured with industrial byproducts such as granulated blast furnace slag, phosphogypsum, and waste lime rather than clinker, there would be many advantages, including the maximization of the use of these industrial byproducts for high value-added resources, the conservation of natural resources and energy by omitting the use of clinker, the minimization of environmental pollution problems caused by $CO_2$ discharge, and the reduction of the production cost. For this reason, in this study, mechanical behavior tests of non-sintered cement concrete were performed, and elasticity modulus and stress-strain relationship of non-sintered cement concrete were proposed. Nine test members were manufactured and tested according to reinforcement ratio and concrete compressive strength. According to the test results, there was no difference between general cement concrete and non-sintered cement concrete in terms of flexure and shear behavior.