• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.149-158
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• 2003

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Bee Venom on the lipopolysaccharide, sodium nitroprusside and hydrogen peroxide induced expression phospholipase $A_2$ and calcium concentration in RAW 264.7 cells, a murine macrophage cell line. Method : The expression of phospholipase $A_2$ was determined by western blotting with corresponding antibodies, and the generation of intracellular calcium concentration was investigated by delta scan system in RAW 264.7 cells. Results : 1. Compared with control, expressions of lipopolysaccharide-induced phospholipase $A_2$ were decreased significantly by $1\;{\mu}g/{\mu}l$ of bee venom and decreased by 0.5, $5\;{\mu}g/{\mu}l$ of bee venom. 2. Compared with control, expressions of sodium nitroprusside-induced phospholipase $A_2$ were decreased significantly by $5\;{\mu}g/{\mu}l$ of bee venom but increased by 0.5, $5\;{\mu}g/{\mu}l$ of bee venom. 3. Compared with control, expressions of hydrogen peroxide-induced phospholipase $A_2$ were decreased significaltly by $1{\mu}g/{\mu}l$ of bee venom and decreased by $0.5\;{\mu}g/{\mu}l$ of bee venom but increased by $5\;{\mu}g/{\mu}l$ of bee venom. 4. Compared with control, lipopolysaccharide, sodium nitroprusside and hydrogen peroxide- induced intracellular calcium concentrations were decreased by 0.5, 1, $5\;{\mu}g/{\mu}l$ of bee venom and by indomethacin

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.173-180
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• 2016

Objectives : To treat the progression of fibroproliferative disease that affects the flexion contracture of the fingers for patients with Dupuytren's contracture, the purpose of this study is to report a case of a patient with Dupuytren's contracture after complex Korean medical treatment. Methods : A patient was treated with acupuncture, moxibustion and bee venom pharmacopuncture on their left palmar aponeurosis. Six rounds of acupuncture and moxibustion were administered from November 30, 2015 through to January 2, 2016. Three rounds of bee venom pharmacopuncture was administered from December 14, 2015 through to January 2, 2016. The degree of flexion contracture and the Tubiana's stage were measured to evaluate the clinical improvement. Results : After 30 treatment sessions the flexion contracture degrees of the 4th finger's metacarpophalangeal joint and proximal interphalangeal joint improved as much as $25^{\circ}$, $15^{\circ}$, respectively. And the flexion contracture degrees of the 5th finger's metacarpophalangeal joint, proximal interphalangeal joint and distal interphalangeal joint improved as much as $15^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, $5^{\circ}$, respectively. The Tubiana's stage of each finger decreased from 4 to 3. Conclusion : This study suggests that acupuncture, moxibustion and bee venom pharmacopuncture could be effective for patients with Dupuytren's contracture.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.135-151
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• 2009

Objectives : To survey concept, meaning, and problems of beekeeper's bee sting therapy by reviewing and summarizing outline, indications, and clinical cases of 'Research on Bee Sting Therapy' described in Monthly Yangbonggye. Methods : As a narrative review, literature researches were carried out based on 'Research on Bee Sting Therapy' in Monthly Yangbonggye in the aspects of outline, indications, and clinical cases. In the concrete, outline was just summarized and described, and indications were categorized by recent version of international statistical classification of diseases and related health problems(ICD) of WHO(World health organization), and clinical cases were collected and summarized from the viewpoint of acupoints and methods of therapy. Results : 1. Bee sting therapy is to inject venom into skin by stimulating affected lesions or acupoints on meridian with sting of bee alive for therapeutic purposes. It can be divided into two classes(direct stimulation(直針法) and indirect stimulation(拔針法)) by the differences of methods, and is different from bee venom acupuncture therapy in the aspects of the way of extraction and injection. 2. In this material, bee sting therapy has 83 indications classified into 17 of 22 chapters of ICD. Among clinical cases, cases on neoplasm, goitre, lump, and haemorrhoids by direct stimulation were especially outstanding. 3. The therapeutic acupoints selected in bee sting therapy are mainly Ashi points(阿是穴), and partly acupoints on meridian(經穴), Extra points(經外奇穴), and New points(新穴) with careful consideration of patients' condition. Conclusions : Although bee sting therapy has more or less controversial points of diagnosis, treatment, and management of side effects, it is thought that the accumulated and inherited experiences from old times can be used as meaningful material by further experimental and clinical researches.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.101-103
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• 2001

Objective : This study is designed to find out the effects of the Bee-Venom Acupuncture on knee joint with osteoarthritis. Methods :We are investigated that outpatients suffer from knee joint pain deciphered at the division of Acupuncture in Jaseng oriental medicine hospital from the 13, July 1999 to until 11, November 2000. We make an estimated of the score from both before or after its treatment about 70 cases of diagnostic patient with the osteoarthritis of knee joints by biochemical method and X-RAY analysis, we observed in the progress of symptoms. Results: These results found that sex. distinction with a disease caused much more female than male at the ratio of 1 to 5.36 in the proportion of males to females, jobs is mainly ranked with a housewife and approximately 82.9% of cases before our hospital have ever treated at the other clinics or hospitals. On the hand. the distribution interval of a case history is mainly followed by disease in below 6 month, interval of the period-treatment is mainly gone within 3 month and frequency of treatment is examined into 11 to 15 times, more than 16 times and below 10 times, respectively. We are estimated with the score of functional barrier from both before or after its treatment against osteoarthritis' patients and produced in the usefulness from the totally point of fields except the aid-device after its treatment. In summary, these results demonstrated that Bee Venom, Acupuncture enhanced more than 82.9% to the improvement of treatment and P<0.05 considered to be statistically significant. Conclusion: These results suggest that Bee-venom Acupuncture may be playa role in the significant usefulness and have need of actively application for the clinical trials against osteoarthritis' patients.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.79-97
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• 2010

Background: Peripheral nerve injuries are commonly encountered clinical problems and often result in severe functional deficit. Bee venom acupuncture has traditionally been used to treat several inflammatory diseases and chronic pain conditions. Objectives: The aims of this study were to compare the effects of bee venom (general bee venom, BV) and sweet bee venom (allergen-removed bee venom, SBV) acupuncture on the recovery rate of locomotor function, the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the sciatic nerve, and the expression of c-Fos in the brain following sciatic crushed nerve injury in rats, and to evaluate differences due to administration areas. Method: Walking track analysis, Western blot for BDNF and tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB), and immunohistochemistry for c-Fos were performed. In this study, comparative analyses of the effects of BV and SBV acupuncture in relation to administration sites, contralateral side or ipsilateral side, were conducted. Results: In the present result, sciatic function index (SFI) in walking track analysis significantly decreased following sciatic crushed nerve injury. The expressions of BDNF and TrkB in the sciatic nerve increased after induction of sciatic crushed nerve injury. C-Fos expression in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) also increased. BV and SBV acupuncture treatment improved the SFI in walking track analysis. Treatment with SBV at 1mg/kg showed more potent enhancing effect on SFI compared to BV. Treatment with 1mg/kg BV or 1mg/kg SBV acupuncture suppressed the BDNF and TrkB expression in the sciatic nerve. BV and SBV acupuncture treatment also suppressed c-Fos expression in the PVN and vlPAG regions. Treatment with SBV at 1mg/kg showed more potent suppressing effect on c-Fos expression compared to BV when injected into the contralateral side of the injured nerve. Generally we could not find significant difference in the effects between contralateral side and ipsilateral side of the injured nerve. Conclusion: We have shown that BV and SBV acupuncture treatment can be used as the effective therapeutic modality to ameliorate the symptoms of sciatic crushed nerve injury.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.217-228
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• 2003

Objective : Spinal meningeal cysts can be the cause of the low back pain and sciatica. We tried to manage the low back pain and sciatica caused by other disease besides intervertebral disc herniation. Methods : We treated the patient who diagnosed as spinal meningeal cyst and hospitalized. And we investigate the progress of physical condition, VAS, modified VAS, PRS by treatment and MRI before and after treatment. Results : There was remarkable improvement in condition of the patient who has spinal meningeal cyst after bee venom therapy. We found the size of cyst decreased in MRI and also progress in VAS modified VAS PRS physical view improved. Conclusions : We think that the result of this case can be a pilot study that proves the effect of bee venom therapy the low back pain and sciatica caused by variable disease.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.197-202
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report on the residual symptoms after decompression of traumatic compartment syndrome experienced by a patient whose condition was much improved by electroacupuncture and bee venom therapy. Methods : The patient was treated with electroacupuncture and bee venom therapy. The progress of symptoms was checked by visual analog scale, disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand(DASH) and range of motion. Results : All results were improved. Scores from the visual analog scale and DASH decreased, while the range of motion increased. Conclusions : Electroacupuncture and bee venom therapy have an effect on residual symptoms after decompression of traumatic compartment syndrome.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.201-210
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• 2008

Objectives : This report was performed to evaluate the treatment of acupuncture therapy, Bee venom acupuncture therapy and herbal medication in Baastrup's disease. Methods : We treated 1 case of Baastrup's disease with acupuncture therapy, Bee venom acupuncture therapy one times a week and took herbal medicine after a meal two times daily. The patients' symptoms were assessed 3 month, 6 month, 9 month by Visual analogue scale(VAS), Oswestry disability index(ODI). Results : Visual Analog Scale(VAS), Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) was significantly improved after treatment for 9 months. Conclusions : This study suggested that acupuncture therapy, Bee venom acupuncture therapy and herbal medicine can be effective for decreasing pain and improving functional recovery. We think that it need the further study and clinical trial for Baastrup's disease.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.233-244
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• 2000

After observing a patient diagnosed with Progressive Muscular Dystropies from the August, 31, 2000 to the January, 2001, the following results are obtained. Method and Result: Under our assumption that the Korean Bee Venom Therapy is a good method to treat Progress Muscular Dystropies. Korean Bee Venom Therapy was applied on the following acupuncture points: BL23(Shinsu:腎兪), BL26(Guanyuanshu:關元兪), ST36(Chok-Samni:足三里), LI4(Hapkok:合谷), LV3(Taechung:太), SP10(Hyolhae:血海), SI9(Sojang-Kyonjong:貞). In addition CFC(Carthami Flos;紅花: and Cervi Pantotrichum Cornu;) Herbal-Acupuncture is also treated on the other acupuncture points. For herbal medication was given to the patient based on the Sasang Constitution, Taeyangin Ogapijangchuk-tang. Following these treatments in this case of Progressive Muscular Dystropies, the skeletal muscle functions made remarkable improvement. Conclusion: Based on the clinical results, traditional Korean Medical treatment is believed to be effective for treating Progressive Muscular Dystropies, and further studies should be conducted to provide more valuable information.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.40-51
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• 2002

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Bee Venom on the lipopolysaccharide-induced expression phospholipase $A_2$, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitrogen oxide synthase, and the generation of arachidonic acid, prostaglandin D2 and E2 in RAW 264.7 cells, a murine macrophage cell line. Methods : The expression of phospholipase $A_2$, cyclooxygenase and inducible nitrogen oxide synthase was determined by western blotting with corresponding antibodies, and the generation of arachidonic acid, prostaglandin $D_2$ and $E_2$ was assayed by ELISA method in RAW 264.7 cells. The non-toxic concentrations (0.1 to $5\;{\mu}g/ml$) of bee venom determined by MTT assay, were used in this study. Results : 1. Bee venom inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of phospholipase $A_2$ in a dose dependent manner after 48 hours treatment. 2. Bee venom inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in a dose dependent manner after 24 and 48 hours treatment. 3. Bee venom inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of inducible nitrogen oxidesynthase in a dose dependent manner after 48 hours treatment. 4. The generation of arachidonic acid, prostaglandin $D_2$ and $E_2$ was not much affected by the treatment of bee venom on the lipopolysaccharide-induced generation of arachidonic acid, prostaglandin $D_2$ and $E_2$ in RAW 264.7 cells.