• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.240-247
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• 2018

Background: Saline soil has negative effects on the growth of most crops. Sodium is the main element that causes salt accumulation in soil. Organic materials such as cow and poultry manure, are frequently used during the preparation stage, which causes an increase in the rate of salt accumulation in the soil. Methods and Results: To investigate the influences of sodium on ginseng, $NaH_2PO_4$, $Na_2SO_4$, and NaCl were used to adjust the sodium concentrations at 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mM in nutrient solution. In a 2-year-old ginseng, toxic symptoms appeared when the sodium treatment exceeded 50 mM. The sodium concentration in the leaves was 3.33%, which is more than twice as high as that of the control treated at 50 mM. As the sodium concentration increased, the root weight significantly decreased. In the 100 mM treatment, the weight decreased by 28% when compared to that of the control. The Amount of ginsenoside significantly increased with an increase in sodium concentrations. Conclusions: These results suggest that the growth of 2-year-old ginseng is negatively affected when sodium exceeds 50 mM. This result can be used for a as basis in diagnosing the physiological disorders of ginseng.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• 제14권E호
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• pp.19-25
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• 1998

동적흡착방법을 사용하여 유사구조를 가진 DMMP와 IMPE의 흡착특성을 연구하였다. 유입농도를 4mg/I로 고정한 후 활성탄이 충진되어진 흡착 컬럼을 통과한 유출농도가 4.0$\times$$10^{-5}$mg/I에 다다를 때까지를 파과 시간으로 설정하였으며 여러 유속에서 동일한 방법을 사용하여 파과시간의 변화를 파악하였다. IMPF와 DMMP 증기에 대한 파과시간을 충진된 활성탄의 함수로 도시하여 활성탄의 동적흡착용량, 흡착속도상수 및 임계베드중량을 구하였다. 흡착속도상수의 경우 DMMP가 IMPF보다 높은 값을 나타낸 반면 임계버드중량은 반대의 결과가 나타났다. 동적흡착용량의 경우 과거 발표되어진 자료와 다르게 유속의 변화에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으며 본 연구에서는 실험결과에 적절한 수학적인 방정식을 제안하여 유속의 흡착용량과의 관계식을 유도하였다. 동일한 조건하에서 DMMP에 대한 파과시간이 IMPF보다 긴 것으로 나타났으며 두 파괴시간의 상호관계는 아래의 식으로 나타내어질 수 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. Tb(IMPE) ＝ 0.9825 $\times$ Tb(DMMP)-15.368

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1191-1196
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• 1996

최근에는 폐동맥고혈압이 있는 심실중격결손증에서는 환아의 체중이 10Kg이하이거나 1세 이하라도 조기에 수술을 하는 것이 추천되고 있으며 본원에서도 같은 방침으로 개심술을 시행하여 왔다. 본원에서는 1986년 10월부터 1995년 12월까지 체중이 10Kg이하인 심실중격결손증환자 88명을 개심술로 수술하여 그 사망률을 환아의 연령, 체중 그리고 폐동맥고혈압의 정도에 따라 비교하였다. 총 사망자 수는 10명이었고(11.4%), 6개월 이하의 환아 수술에서는 14명중 5명이 사망하였고(35.8%), 6개월에서 12개월 사이에서는 43명중 4명이 사망하였고(9.3%), 1년 이상된 환아의 수술에서는 31명중 1명이 사망하였다(3.2%). 그러나 폐동맥고혈압의 정도에 의해 사망률을 비교한 결과는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그리고 6개월 이하의 수술례에서는 폐동맥고혈압의 정도에 관계없이 사망율이 높았다. 이상의 결과로 10Kg 이하의 저체중 심실중격결손증의 수술은 극심한 심부전이나, 성장부전이 있거나 폐동맥고혈압이 비가역적인 폐혈관 질환을 야기할 정도가 아니면, 적어도 6개월 이상 지나서 시행하는 것이 좋을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.354-361
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to prepare lightweight foamed concrete by mixing coal fly ash of circulating fluidized bed combustion(CFBC) with cement, and to develop uses for recycling by analyzing carbonation behavior resulting from a change in conditions for pressurized carbonation. For concrete, CFBC coal fly ash was mixed with Portland cement to the water-binder ratio of 0.5, and aging was applied at room temperature after 3 days of curing at $20^{\circ}C$, RH 60%. For carbonation, temperature was fixed at $60^{\circ}C$ and time at 1 h in the use of autoclave. Pressures were controlled to be $5kgf/cm^2$ and the supercritical condition of $80kgf/cm^2$, and gas compositions were employed as $CO_2$ 100% and $CO_2$ 15%+N2 85%. In the characteristics of produced lightweight concrete, the characteristics of lightweight foamed concrete resulting from carbonation reaction were affirmed through rate of weight change, carbonation depth test, air permeability, and processing analysis for the day 28 specimen. Based on these results, it is concluded that the present approach could provide a viable method for mass production of eco-friendly lightweight foamed concrete from CFBC coal fly ash stabilized by carbonation.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.205-216
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• 2000

The purpose of study examined of historical changes of western men's nightclothes from middle ages to the modern ages and analyzed functions and features of men's nightclothes. This study presented meaning and importance of men's nightclothes. The method of study researched the many literatures and internet sources. Until medieval age, men slept naked or in a day-shirt. In the 16th century, a nightshirt was worn in bed. A night-cap was usual, in rather more elaborate form, also worn by day in the house, and even outdoors. In the 17th century, nightshirt was elabrated with ruffles and lace. The nightshirts of 18th century, resembled the day-shirt except that it was slightly longer and fuller in cut. The turn of 19th century, men weared nightshirt with a high folding collar, one button and night-cap of jellybag shape. In the early 19th century, nightshirt had a plain turned-down collar, buttoned at the neck. A night-cap with colored tassel was usual. The middle of 19th century, a nightgown was reaching to the ankle. Pyjamas, in the 1890s, were steadily replacing the nightshirt, before long pyjamas had become generally accepted in place of the nightshirt. A pyjamas which preseverved his male dignity by giving him trousers. Man's ingenuity also modified his nigntclothes so that these took on sexual characteristic. In 20th century, the fabrics had become lighter in weight, and the choice of materials wider. By 1930s, nightclothes had become the man's most colorful garment.

• ALGAE
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2008

Eelgrass beds are very productive and provide nursery functions for a variety of fish and shellfish species. Management for the conservation of eelgrass beds along the Korean coasts is critical, and requires comprehensive strategies such as vegetation mapping. We suggest a mapping method to spatial distribution and quantify of eelgrass beds using a digital echosounder. Echosounding data were collected from the northeast part of Kwangyang Bay, on the south of Korea, in March, 2007. A transducer was attached to a boat equipped with a DGPS. The boat completed a transect survey scanning whole eelgrass beds of 11.7 km2 with a speed of 1.5-2 m s-1 (3-4 knot). The acoustic reflectivity of eelgrass allowed for detection and explicit measurements of canopy cover and height. The results showed that eelgrass bed was distributed in depth from 1.19 to 3.6 m (below MSL) and total dry weight biomass of 4.1 ton with a vegetation area of 4.05 km2. This technique was found to be an effective way to undertake the patch size and biomass of eelgrass over large areas as nondestructive sampling.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2018

Extremely low birth weight infants remain at increased risk of intraventricular hemorrhage from the fragile vascular bed of the germinal matrix; the roles of hypotension (ischemia) and reperfusion (hyperemia) in the development of intraventricular hemorrhage are still debated. Cerebrovascular pressure autoregulation protects the brain by maintaining constant cerebral blood flow despite changes in blood pressure. The ontogeny of cerebrovascular pressure autoregulation has not been well established and uncertainty remains about the optimal arterial blood pressure required to support brain perfusion. Another important aspect of premature cerebral hemodynamics is the critical closing pressure--the arterial blood pressure at which cerebral blood flow ceases. Interestingly, in premature infants, the critical closing pressure approximates the mean arterial blood pressure. Often in this unique population, cerebral blood flow occurs only during systole when the diastolic arterial blood pressure is equal to the critical closing pressure. Moreover, the diastolic closing margin, a metric of cerebral perfusion that normalizes diastolic arterial blood pressure to the critical closing pressure, may be a better measure than arterial blood pressure for defining cerebral perfusion in premature infants. Elevated diastolic closing margin has been associated with intraventricular hemorrhage. This review summarizes the current state of understanding of cerebral hemodynamics in premature infants.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.293-297
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• 1976

One mid-esophageal carcinoma underwent esophagogastrectomy using an exclusive right thoracic approach entailing mobilization of the stomach through the esophageal hiatus. 62 year old male farmer was admitted with chief complaints of dysphagia and weight loss of 5 Kg. for 6 months, and regurgitation after soft meal for one week prior to this admission. Preoperative esophagogram revealed stricture with fungating mass at the level of the carina, which was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma at the time of esophagoscopic biopsy about 33 cm from incisor. Bronchoscopy revealed no invasive lesion or carinal fixation, and laboratory examinations were excellent for operative intervention. An exclusive right thoracic approach through right 5th rib bed was made for radical esophagectomy, mobilization of the stomach through the esophageal hiatus and primary esophagectomy. Postoperative recovery was uneventful except increased bronchial secretion due to senile emphysema, and follow up for 5 months after esophagectomy revealed good functioning esophagus with mild epigastric fullness after meal. Exclusive right thoracic approach for radical esophagectomy seems to be the procedure of choice in selected cases.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2007

Recent technological developments in machine tools have been focused on high speed, low vibration machining and high precision machining. And the concern with multi-functional machining has been increased for the last several years. Multi-tasking machines are widely used in machine tool industries. Laser multi-tasking machine has been developed for high precision and fewer vibration machining. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of structural reinforcement on Laser multi-tasking machine which is comprehensively combined turning center and laser machine. Up to date, for the structural stability evaluation of a multi-tasking machine, the analysis model has been considered only the weight of the upper parts. The positions of upper parts on multi-tasking machine have not been considered in the model. So, the results of the present FE model have revealed some difference with measurement data in case of multi-tasking machine. Design of the machine and structural analysis is carried out by FEM simulation using the commercial software CATIA V5. In the result of the structural analysis, effectiveness of reinforcement of the bed was confirmed.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.14-18
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• 2015

Although demand for non-metalic materials, acrylic and metal plate material is increased. The complex processing equipment that can machine it at the same time is extremely limited. In case of existing manual multiple routers, it is no substantial demand due to the difficulty in use and low efficiency. In this study, the CNC multiple router was designed. The structural analysis was carried out according to the structure of the bed as a basic step for the development of multiple CNC router system that can guarantee the increase in yield while optimizing the manufacturing process. CNC router added a dummy was carried out about weight analysis and load analysis. Development of a CNC router system will be progressed on the basis of the analysis result.