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Embedding Cobalt Into ZIF-67 to Obtain Cobalt-Nanoporous Carbon Composites as Electrode Materials for Lithium ion Battery

  • Zheng, Guoxu;Yin, Jinghua;Guo, Ziqiang;Tian, Shiyi;Yang, Xu
    • Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.458-464
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    • 2021
  • Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) is a kind of rechargeable secondary battery, developed from lithium battery, lithium ions move between the positive and negative electrodes to realize the charging and discharging of external circuits. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are porous crystalline materials in which organic imidazole esters are cross-linked to transition metals to form a framework structure. In this article, ZIF-67 is used as a sacrificial template to prepare nano porous carbon (NPC) coated cobalt nanoparticles. The final product Co/NPC composites with complete structure, regular morphology and uniform size were obtained by this method. The conductive network of cobalt and nitrogen doped carbon can shorten the lithium ion transport path and present high conductivity. In addition, amorphous carbon has more pores that can be fully in contact with the electrolyte during charging and discharging. At the same time, it also reduces the volume expansion during the cycle and slows down the rate of capacity attenuation caused by structure collapse. Co/NPC composites first discharge specific capacity up to 3115 mA h/g, under the current density of 200 mA/g, circular 200 reversible capacity as high as 751.1 mA h/g, and the excellent rate and resistance performance. The experimental results show that the Co/NPC composite material improves the electrical conductivity and electrochemical properties of the electrode. The cobalt based ZIF-67 as the precursor has opened the way for the design of highly performance electrodes for energy storage and electrochemical catalysis.

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 환자의 약물치료에 따른 지적효율성의 변화 (The Comparison of Intelligence Efficacy According to Methylphenidate Administration in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Patients)

  • 박형배;배대석;하정상;서완석;송창진
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.253-266
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    • 2001
  • ADHD 아동은 발달과정에서 학업 성취를 비롯한 많은 문제들을 야기할 수 있으며, 지적인 능력에서도 부주의성과 연관된 특정적인 검사패턴을 보여주고 있다. 저자들은 1999년 3월 1일부터 1999년 12월 31일까지 DSM-IV의 ADHD 기준을 만족시키는 환자들과 대구 시내의 모 초등학교에서 정상대조군을 선발하여, K-ABC를 이용하여 아동의 지능과 습득도를 평가하였다. ADHD 아동의 경우에는 4-6주간의 약물치료를 시행한 후 동일한 검사들을 재시행하여 약물치료 전후의 차이를 비교하였다. 약물치료전의 ADHD 집단은 정상대조군에 비해 지적인 능력아 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 약물치료 전후에서 ADHD 집단의 전체 지능은 유의한 변화가 없었으나 약물치료후의 동시처리척도는 정상대조군과 차이가 없을 정도로 호전이 되었으며, 이는 주의집중력의 증가, 특히 분산집중력의 증가를 의미하며 산만성이 감소되는 것을 의미한다. K-ABC의 하위 영역에서는 약물치료를 받지 않은 ADHD 잡단은 전반적인 하위 영역들이 유의하게 낮은 수행을 보이고 있지만 시각적 세부단서에 대한 주의력은 약물치료에 의해 유의하게 변화되어 정상 대조군과 차이가 없을 정도로 향상되었다. 습득도 하위 영역에서는 어휘력을 제외한 영역에서 ADHD 집단이 정상 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮은 수행을 보였으나, 결정성 지능의 경우에서 약물치료 후 정상 대조군과 차이가 없었다. methylphenidate를 이용한 약물치료는 분산 집중력, 분석과 조직화와 같은 실행능력을 향상시키며 산만성을 유의하게 감소시켜주는 것으로 나타났다. ADHD 아동에서 약물치료와 함께 다른 형태의 치료가 결합될 경우, 학업수행과 사회성 등 전반적인 영역에서의 향상이 나타날 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

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낙상예방체조가 노인의 체력 변화에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Falls Prevention Exercise on Functional Fitness in Elderly)

  • 박성규;김지성;신형수
    • 대한물리치료과학회지
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2008
  • Background: This study was to investigate effects of falls prevention exercise on functional fitness in elderly. Methods: A total of 45 healthy over 65years old adults (men=15, women=30) who were participated in this study. Exercise were involved in the period of 12 week complex physical training for around 50 minutes a day, three times per week. We measured subjects' physical activity levels by short physical performance battery(SPPB) test, timed up & go(TUG) test, one leg standing test(OLST) with closed eyes and maximal step length (MSL) test. Results: After falls prevention exercise, there were statically significant differences in SPPB, TUG, OLST and MSL test (P<.01) between pre and post test. There were statically significant differences in SPPB, TUG, OLST, MSL between pre and post test in men and women. There were statically significant differences between men and women in SPPB, TUG, OLST and MSL test. Conclusion: Falls prevention exercise had significant effects on physical fitness level in elderly, with a result increase muscle strength, balance ability and it might prevent falls.

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실험동물(實驗動物)의 심박계측법(心搏計測法) (Methods for Recording and Counting the Heart Rate of Intact Animal and Isolated Preparations)

  • 장황남
    • 대한약리학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.37-39
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    • 1968
  • A method for presenting the heart rate of intact animals as a kymographic record is described. A transistorized impulse generator with a dry battery power supply is used to produce pulses. The pulses are integrated and make a pen motor drived. The ability of the instrument to follow a wide range of heart rate change is demonstrated. The instrument is especially usefull to observe an acute and transitory heart rate change. A method for changing the heart beat to sound and a method for counting the heart rate of intact animal and isolated preparations by employing post office counter were also described.

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Multicomponent wide band gap oxide semiconductors for thin film transistors

  • Fortunato, E.;Barquinha, P.;Pereira, L.;Goncalves, G.;Martins, R.
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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    • pp.605-608
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    • 2006
  • The recent application of wide band gap oxide semiconductors to transparent thin film transistors (TTFTs) is making a fast and growing (r)evolution on the contemporary solid-state electronics. In this paper we present some of the recent results we have obtained using wide band gap oxide semiconductors, like indium zinc oxide, produced by rf sputtering at room temperature. The devices work in the enhancement mode and exhibit excellent saturation drain currents. On-off ratios above $10^6$ are achieved. The optical transmittance data in the visible range reveals average transmittance higher than 80 %, including the glass substrate. Channel mobilities are also quite respectable, with some devices presenting values around $25\;cm^2/Vs$, even without any annealing or other post deposition improvement processes. The high performances presented by these TTFTs associated to a high electron mobility, at least two orders of magnitude higher than that of conventional amorphous silicon TFTs and a low threshold voltage, opens new doors for applications in flexible, wearable, disposable portable electronics as well as battery-powered applications.

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기상관측 부이용 전자통신시스템 설계 (Electronics System Design of a Generic Meteorological Buoy)

  • 박수홍
    • 한국전자통신학회논문지
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.51-57
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    • 2010
  • 본 논문은 일반적인 기상관측 부이시스템에서의 전자시스템설계에 관한 것이다. 주로 기지국, 데이터처리, 파워시스템설계 등의 기상관축 부이용 전자통신시스템 설계에 관한 것이다. 연구결과 시스템 설계가 기지국에서 부이를 통하여 배터리 사용시간을 확인하였고, 추가적인 파워의 소비 없이 자체적으로 부이에서의 작용함을 알 수 있다.

ITS용 무선센서네트워크에서 효율적인 TCP/IP 전송기술 (Efficient TCP/IP Transmission Technology in Wireless Sensor Network for ITS Applications)

  • 오종택
    • 한국ITS학회 논문지
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.76-81
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    • 2009
  • ITS용 WSN과 같이 작고 건전지로 동작하는 송신 노드에서는 MCU의 성능이 낮고 메모리의 크기도 충분하지 않으며 소비전력을 줄이는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 이런 환경에서 TCP/IP 통신을 할 때에 사용되는 TCP헤더 옵션 필드와 추가적인 체크섬 필드를 이용하여, 전송하는 데이터의 크기가 메모리의 크기에 제한을 받지 않고, 데이터 처리 시간과 소비전력을 감소시키는 방식이 제안되고 성능이 분석되었다.

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철도차량 객실 온습도 USN 모니터링 기술 (Temperature and Humidity Monitoring Using Ubiquitous Senor Network in Railway Cabin)

  • 권순박;조영민;박덕신;박은영;김세영;정미영
    • 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.948-951
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    • 2008
  • Ubiquitous sensor network (USN) based on ZigBee communication protocol has been used in various application fields, such as home-network, intelligent building and machine, logistics, environmental monitoring, military field, security field and etc. The ZigBee is targeted at radio-frequency application that require a low data rate, long battery life and secure network. Especially, the USN system can be applied efficiently to building-indoor where the complex geometry is adopted. In this study, all 90 points of railway cabin indoor were monitored for temperature and humidity using USN technology. All sensors were pre/post-calibrated and the temperature/humidity change were analyzed in a railway cabin in real-time. The results would be useful to develop the cabin heating, ventilating and air conditing (HVAC) system to meet all passengers' thermal comfort regardless of their seat position.

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Kicking a Ball on Balance and Upper Limb Function in Chronic Stroke

  • Jeoungah Ahn;Joong Hwi Kim
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • 제34권6호
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    • pp.292-297
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: This study describes the effects of kicking a ball training on balance and upper limb function in chronic hemiplegia. Methods: Thirty chronic stroke patients were randomly selected; Kicking a ball (n=10), Treadmill gait (n=10), Stepping on the ground group (n=10). The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) for balance and Foot Scan for weight distribution. Upper limb function was measured by the Manal Function Test (MFT). This treatment was performed five times a week for a total of 4 weeks. Results: Kicking group was significantly increased in SPPB (p<0.05) and MFT (p<0.05) between pretest vs post test and pretest vs follow-up. Conclusion: Kicking a ball was effective for improving weight acceptance on the paretic leg, balance and upper limb function. However, In terms of balance, the core stabilization that affected the upper extremity function was not evaluated. Thus, additional research may help determine correlation between core stability and upper limb function to improve balance.

금속산화물 첨가방법에 의한 리튬이차전지 부극재료의 충방전 특성 개선 (Enhancement on the Charge-discharge Property of Carbon Anode by the Addition of Metal Oxides in Li-ion Secondary Batteries)

  • 김정식
    • 한국세라믹학회지
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    • 제40권11호
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    • pp.1085-1089
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    • 2003
  • 본 연구에서는 리튬이차전지의 음극재료로서 사용되고 있는 Mesocarbon Microbeads (MCMB) 카본 분말에 제2상 첨가물로서 소량의 주석산화물 (SnO$_2$) 을 균일하게 분산 첨가시킴으로써 카본전극 표면을 개질시켰으며, 이에 따른 전극의 전기화학적 특성 변화에 관하여 고찰하였다. 주석산화물 첨가 방법는 전하적정법을 사용하여 Sn 을 MCMB 분말에 삽입시키고, 다시 삽입된 Sn이 산화되도록 대기 중에서 25$0^{\circ}C$로 l 시간동안 후열처리를 하였다. 주석산화물이 첨가된 MCMB 카본분말로 Li/MCMB 전지 cell을 만들어 충방전시험을 수행한 결과, raw MCMB로 만든 전극보다 더 우수한 충방전 용량과 싸이클 특성을 나타내었다. 즉, 주석산화물 삽입에 의해 표면개질된 MCMB 카본 분말은 기존의 MCMB에 비해 높은 초기 방전용량과 충전용량을 나타내었고, 또한 높은 가역특성과 좋은 cycleability를 보였다. 삽입된 SnO$_2$의 양이 증가할수록 높은 가역용량을 나타내었고 비가역용량 역시 높은 값을 나타내었다.