• 한국작물학회지
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.401-408
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• 2012

The grain and agronomic characteristics of Korean barley cultivars were investigated with respect to ethanol yield. Test weight, grain yield, and starch yield showed noticeable variation among the cultivars. Grain yields were higher in covered barley and non-waxy barley. Starch yield was higher in non-waxy barley than waxy barley. Protein, ${\beta}$-glucan, and starch content of tested cultivars ranged in 10.0-12.9%, 4.4-7.5% and 49.7-65.3%, respectively. Naked barley cultivar had higher starch content than covered barley cultivar. However, covered barley had high starch yield because it has higher grain yield than naked barley. Covered barley cultivar had higher husk content, ranging 7.6-14.0%, than that of naked barley cultivar, ranging 5.3-8.0%. Starch content was positively correlated with amylose content, test weight, ethanol yield and negatively correlated with protein, husk, ${\beta}$-glucan content. Ethanol yield per ton was positively correlated with starch content, but negatively correlated with husk content. Ethanol yield per hectare was positively correlated with starch yield, grain yield, grain weight and negatively correlated with protein, test weight. From this research, the important characteristics of barley cultivar as a bioethanol producing material were starch content and grain yield. Optimum barley genotype was non-waxy naked barley that had low protein, ${\beta}$-glucan, husk content, and high starch content and grain yield.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.182-194
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• 2017

The optimum alkali pretreatment parameters (reaction time, reaction temperature and potassium hydroxide concentration) for facilitate the conversion into fermentable sugar (glucose) from steam exploded (severity log Ro 2.45) barley husk were determined using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on a factorial Central Composite Design (CCD). The prediction of the response was carried out by a second-order polynomial model and regression analysis revealed that more than 88% of the variation can be explained by the models. The optimum conditions for maximum cellulose content were determined to be 201 min reaction time, $124^{\circ}C$ reaction temperature and 0.9% potassium hydroxide concentration. This data shows that the actual value obtained was similar to the predicted value calculated from the model. The pretreated barley husk using acid hydrolysis resulted in a glucose conversion of 94.6%. This research of steam explosion and alkali pretreatment was a promising method to improve cellulose-rich residue for lignocellulosic biomass.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.254-256
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• 1984

가열처리에 의한 전분의 호화작용과 아밀라제에 의한 가수분해를 이용하여 한국산 곁보리(강보리와 올보리)및 쌀보리 (백동과 세도하다가)의 피층을 분리 측정하고 피층함량을 종래의 산, 알칼리 방법과 비교하였다. 효소적 방법을 이용한 피층함량은 강보리와 올보리의 경우 각각 14.9%, 15.1%이고, 백동 및 세도하다가는 각각 11.6%. 10.2% 이었다. 산처리방법에 의한 피층함량은 겉보리의 경우 $12{\sim}13%$. 찰보리의 경우 $5{\sim}7%$ 이었고 알칼리방법의 경우 겉보리는 $13{\sim}15%$. 찰보리는 $7{\sim}8%$의 피층함량을 나타내었다. 효소처리방법에 의해 분리한 피층의 단백질, 지방. 회분함량은 각각 $4{\sim}8%$. $5{\sim}11%$. $0.2{\sim}0.6%$이었으며 조섬유함량은 $20{\sim}40%$이었다. 효소처리에 의한 보리피층의 분리 방법은 기존의 산, 알칼리 처리와 비교할 때, 피층물질을 직접 분리 회수할 수 있는 이점이 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.420-427
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• 1983

Barley is considered as one of the most important cereals for Korean in terms of production and utilization. In this review we concentrate mainly on the chemical structure of husk, aleurone layer, endosperm and embryo (especially endosperm). The relationships among the structure, characteristics and role of chemical components in barley kernel are also discussed. The nature of the fine-structure and minor components is not fully identified, however, a lot of investigation and progress in this area probably contributes the development of new technique for better utilization of barley in the future.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 1990

맥주보리 품질관련 형질의 재배지역간 등급별 변이정도를 조사코자 전남 남부 6개군에서 등급별로 원맥 150여점의 시료를 표본하여 분석하였다. 1. 맥주보리의 1등품은 전체 수매량의 25.9%, 2등품 62.7%, 등외품은 11.4%였고, 년차간 변이계수는 1등품과 등외품이 각각 25.0%와 43.4%였다. 2. 원맥의 물리적 특성의 지역간 변이는 천립중 9.1%, 정립율 13.2%, 곡피의 색택 35.7%였고, 발아세 및 발아율은 6.2%와 5.0%였다. 화학적 특성의 지역간 변이는 전분 4.8%, $\beta$-glucan 9.6%, 조단백질 14.0%, 곡피비율 14.7%였다. 3. 농산물검사규격에 적합한 시료는 1등품 75%, 2등품 90%, 등외는 83%였다. 4. 원맥의 등급은 색택, 조단백질, 조섬유, 곡피비율, $\beta$-glucan과 정상을, 정립율, 천립중, 발아세, 발아율, 전분량과는 부상관을 가졌다. 곡피색택은 정립율, 발아세 및 발아율과 부 상관이 있었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2005

Molecular-based genetic diversity for a set of 141 accessions of Korean barley cultivars and 24 accessions of foreign exotic cultivars were analyzed using random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs). Different level of genetic variability was observed with 30 random decamer primers in the Korean barley varieties and breeding lines which were preliminarily classified by morphological (hulled & hulless barley) and end-use (malting barley) and/or by the released periods. A total of 74 RAPD bands were scored, and the number of bands per primer varied from 1 to 7 with an average of 2.74. The hulled barley pool had one more marker genotype per primer than the hulless barley pool. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values based on the band pattern frequencies among genotypes varied depending on genetic pools where mean PICs of hulled, hulless and malting barleys were 0.62, 0.57, and 0.43, respectively. Certain genomic loci amplified by opR04, opF01, opB05, and opC13 were highly polymorphic with PIC>0.8. Patterns and temporal trends of genetic diversity assessed over the period from 1970s to 1990s had a tendency to increase, and in particular, this upward slant was quite clear and significant for the hulless barley pool. In the cluster analysis using genetic similarity matrix calculated from RAPD profiles, two major groups and several small subgroups were classified. Major grouping of materials was not affected by the presence of the husk but by their genetic background and the spike-row type. The validity of information on the genetic diversity and relationships between genotypes will have been reviewed to predict their yield potential.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.18-18
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• 2022

Barley has been used for the production of malt in the brewing industry. Malting is the process of preparing barley through partial germination. Malt extract is the most important quality parameter for malt quality. The grain and malt quality parameters of ten Korean malting barley varieties were studied. Malts was prepared using Phoeix automated micro malting system(Phoenix Bio, Australia). Quality analysis of Barley and malt was determined according to European brewery convention(EBC, 1998) and American society of brewing chemists(ASBC, 1997) method. And the hordeins of barley and malt were extracted with 50% isopropyl alcohol(IPA, 2-propanol) of 1% dithiothreitol(DTT). The analysis of hordeins was carried out by ultra-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC). The mean values of 1000-grains weight, assortment rate, protein content, starch content, beta-glucan content, husk rate, germination energy, germination capacity and water sensitivity of grain were 45.8g, 86.8%, 11.9%, 58.0%, 3.8%, 14.0%, 96.2%, 97.2%, 10.0%, respectively. The mean values of protein content, friability, diastatic power, extract, soluble protein, Kolbach index, beta-glucan of malt and wort were 11.3%, 87.6%, 201WK(Windish Kolbach), 79.3%, 4.6%, 41%, 85mg/L, respectively. UPLC analysis of grain and malt hordeins revealed that the amount of hordeins significantly degraded during malting. Also, we could successfully be used to compare hordein polypeptide patterns with malt quality.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.281-286
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• 1988

1979년에 생산된 보리, 부농, 강보리 및 수원 18002를 공시품종으로 하고, 실험실용 소형정맥기(Testing Mill : TM05 A)를 사용하여 정맥기로-라의 회전수별, 도정시간별, 겉보리의 품종별 도정특성 시험을 실시하여 얻어진 몇가지 결과는 아래와 같다. 1. 정맥기의 로-러 회전수가 높으면 단위시간당 도정량이 많아지며 입두께나 입폭에서 보다는 입장에 영향을 더 많이 주므로 회전수가 높을수록 보리쌀의 형태는 원형으로 변한다. 2. 정맥기의 회전수가 낮을 경우 곡립의 양쪽 끝부분 종구가 제거되지 않으며 본 시험에 사용한 정맥기의 적정회전수는 1,300 rpm이었다. 3. 맥강층의 제거율로 본 겉보리의 부위별 경도는 영부위가 가장 낮고 호분층, 종피, 과피, 배유순이다. 종피에 가까운 호분층은 배유나 배유부위에 인접한 호분층보다 높으며 배유층은 중심부로 갈수로 낮았다. 4. 품종에 따라 강층의 두께, 천립중, 보리쌀의 경도에 차가 있으며, 보리쌀의 크기 즉, 입장, 입후 및 입폭의 크기에도 차가 있어 입장과 입폭의 비가 수원 18002는 1.59, 부농 1.53, 강보리 1.51인데 비하여 동보리 001는 1.26으로 가장 낮아 4품종중 원형에 가장 가까웠다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.335-339
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• 2006

The level of ${\beta}-glucan$ which is a major soluble dietary fiber found in the grain endosperm cell wall was highly variable among 25 barley genotypes grown at four locations including Suwon, Naju, Jinju, and Jeju. Statistically significant genotypic effects were observed for ${\beta}-glucan$ content at each or across growing sites (P<0.001). On average, 'Chalssalbori' showed the lowest percentage ${\beta}-glucan$ (4.04%) among genotypes in the grain, whereas 'Yonezawa Mochi' was highest in percentage ${\beta}-glucan$ (6.46%) compared to other genotypes. The significant difference between genotypes was approximately 1-2% across environments. The effects of location or interaction between locations and genotypes were not significant on the variation of ${\beta}-glucan$ contents. High ${\beta}-glucan$ content seemed to be greatly associated with such grain traits as waxiness and presence of husk except for 'Chalssalbori'. The waxy genotypes had a mean of 5.37% and values ranging from 5.28 to 5.47%, but normal genotypes had a mean of 4.78% and values ranging from 4.69 to 4.88% over environments. Hulless barley genotypes were also higher than hulled barley genotypes for the average ${\beta}-glucan$ content in both individual and over all environments. The difference between the hulled and hulless gene pools was on average of 0.37% with ranges from 0.19% to 0.56% at four environments. ${\beta}-glucan$ content measured from a mapping population of $F_5$-derived 107 lines derived from the cross between 'Yonezawa Mochi' and 'Neulssalbori' was not significantly associated with other agronomic traits except for 1,000-kernel weight at the '01 Suwon environment. Not too much information on the relationship of ${\beta}-glucan$ content to agronomic traits was available.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.538-542
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• 2011

'백호'는 흰가루병 및 보리호위축병 저항성 품종을 육성하기 위하여 'Azuma Golden'과 'Nishinochikara'를 인공교배 하여 육성하였다. 익산 137호로 명명되어 지역적응 시험을 수행한 후 2008년 농촌진흥청 농작물 직무육성 신품종 선정 위원회에서 흰가루병 및 보리호위축병 저항성 맥주보리 신품종 '백호'로 명명되었다. '백호'의 출수기 및 성숙기는 4월 21일과 5월 28일로 대비인 '호품' 보리에 비해 약 2-3일 늦었다. 또한 간장은 78 cm로 '호품'에 비하여 단간이며, 경수가 많고 천립중이 무거운 대립종의 특성을 가지고 있다. 파성은 IV로서 불시출수에 안정적인 특성을 가지고 있다. 내병성 검정결과 보리호위축병 strain I, III, IV type에 저항성을 보였으며, 특히 흰가루병에도 유묘와 성체에서 저항성을 보이는 내병성 품종이다. '백호'의 수량성은 약 5.6 ton/ha로 '호품'에 비해 13% 증수된 다수성 품종이다. 맥주 품질을 측정하는 원맥과 맥아의 품질 검정 결과에서도 천립중, 곡피율, 효소력가 등의 특성이 '호품'에 비해 우수한 품질 특성을 보였다.