• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제40권2호
• /
• pp.141-146
• /
• 2012

The outer bark of Prunus sargentii was collected, air-dried and extracted with 70% aqueous acetone. Then it was successively partitioned with n-hexane, dichloromethane ($CH_2Cl_2$), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and $H_2O$. From the EtOAc soluble fraction, four compounds were isolated by the repeated Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The isolated compounds were determined as (+)-catechin (1), (-)-epicatechin (2), taxifolin (3), and neosakuranin (4) by the spectroscopic analysis including $^1H$, $^{13}C$-NMR, and 2D-NMR spectrometers. The antioxidative activities on the isolated compounds and the separated fractions were evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging assay. The crude, EtOAc, and $H_2O$ soluble fractions indicated good antioxidative potential compared to the $CH_2Cl_2$ and n-hexane soluble fractions.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.81-93
• /
• 1996

To elucidate the structure of procyanidin in Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.), bark, the extractives were extracted with acetone-water mixture(7:3, v/v) from inner bark of Korean red pine. The extracts separated three fractions which were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction. The extracting solvents were chloroform and ethyl acetate and water. The part of ethylacetate soluble was chromatographed by liquid chromatography. The ethylacetate soluble portion yielded four natural procyanidin dimers, two known epicatechin-($4{\beta}{\rightarrow}6$)-catechin, catechin-($4{\alpha}{\rightarrow}8$)-catechin and two unknown catechin-($4{\beta}{\rightarrow}6$)-catechin and conformational isomer of epicatechin-($4{\alpha}{\rightarrow}6$)-catechin. The additional catechins was also isolated. The structures of these procyanidins were elucidated by their $^{13}C$-NMR spectra.

• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.330-334
• /
• 2006

Chemical composition of the Eucommia ulmoides bark, including extractives, proximate, mineral, fatty acid and monosaccharide compositions, was studied The most abundant mineral was calcium (533.17 mg/l00 g). $\alpha-linolenic$ acid (24.7%) and linoleic acid (24.3%), showed higher contents among the fatty acids. Major monosaccharides of E. ulmoides balk were arabinose (13.94 mg/g), xylose (18.91 mg/g) and glucose (119.7 mg/g). From the bark of E ulmoides, four compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated as caffeic acid (I), kaempferol (II), quercetin (III) and isoquercitrin (IV) by spectroscopic analysis such as NMR and MS, including cellulose TLC and other chemical evidence such as hydrolyzation and acetylation. The antioxidant activities of four isolated compounds were evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging, hydroxyl scavenging and reducing power assays. The results indicated that all the isolated compounds showed higher DPPH radical scavenging activity than $\alpha-tocopherol$ and BHT that were used as positive controls and these four compounds exhibited considerable reducing power and hydroxyl radical (OH) scavenging activity. Considering from the results above, it suggests that the E. ulmoides bark is a potential natural source of antioxidant material.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.80-89
• /
• 2019

Pine barks are important biomass resources because they are utilised in the production of pine wood and rosins. However, no chemical study has been conducted on the hydrophilic status of pine barks in Indonesia. This aim of this study is to explore the hydrophilic extracts of the barks from six Pinus species (P. elliotii, P. caribeae, P. oocarpa, P. merkusii P. montezumae, and P. insularis). The hydrophilics of pine barks were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The presence of polyphenol contents in the ethanol extracts obtained from the barks of six Pinus species was determined using the tannin-formaldehyde method, Folin-Cioucalteu assay, and vanillin-HCl assay. The ethanol and hot water soluble extractives derived from inner barks were higher in quantity when compared to those derived from the outer bark samples. The polyphenol measurement showed that the highest value of total phenol content was derived from the outer bark of P. montezumae whereas those of the total phenol and tannin- formaldehyde contents were derived from the inner and outer barks of P. oocarpa. GC-MS analysis revealed that nitrogenous compounds are dominant constituents in the inner and outer barks of the six species, followed by sugars and monophenolics, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.61-70
• /
• 1998

Xylem, bark and flower buds of Magnolia kobus DC. var. borealis Sarg. were extracted with ethanol. And then the ethanol extracts were fractionated with diethyl ether. The lignans structure of the diethyl ether fractions were determined by spectroscopic methods. The results are summarized as follows : 1. Three compounds, aschantinn(X-I), yangambin(X-II), (-)syringaresinol(X-III), tetrahydrofurofuranoid lignans were isolated from the xylem. 2. Five compounds were isolated from the bark. These are all tetrahydrofurofuranoid lignans, aschantin(B-I), yangambin(B-II), medioresinol(B-III), (+)syringaresinol(B-IV), and tetrahydrofuranoid, kobusinol B(B-V). 3. Three tetrahydrofurofuranoid lignans, kobusin(F-I), aschantin(F-II), yangambin(F-III) were isolated from the flower buds. 4. Isolated lignans from the each tissue were two types of tetrahydrofurofuran type and tetrahydrofuran type. 5. The tetrahydrofurofuranoid lignans were five compounds such as kobusin, aschantin, yangambin, medioresinol, and syringaresinol, while the tetrahydrofuranoid lignans was kobusinol B. 6. Most of these lignans were substituted with the methylenedioxy or methoxyl groups.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제33권5호통권133호
• /
• pp.86-91
• /
• 2005

Six compounds were isolated from the EtOAc and $Et_2O$ fractions of the bark of Rhus chinensis by repeated column chromatography with $SiO_2$ and Sephadex LH-20. The structures were determined by instrumental analysis using MS and NMR spectrophotometer as: gallic acid (1), methyl gallate (2), 6, 7-dimethoxycoumarin (3), orcinol-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (4), scopoletin (5), semialactone (6). Among these compounds, 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin (3) was isolated from this plant for the first time. To measure the antioxidant activity, the DPPH radical scavenging activity test was performed. Gallic acid (1) showed the strongest activity, while orcinol-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (4), semialactone (5) and scopoletin (6) had the low activities.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.62-69
• /
• 2000

물푸레나무와 느릅나무의 수피를 아세톤-물의 혼합용액으로 추출하고 hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate 및 물 분획으로 분류하여 동결건조하고 분말상으로 조제하였다. 각 분획의 분말상 추출물을 메탄올-물 및 에탄올-헥산의 혼합액을 사용하여 Sephadex LH-20 칼럼으로 크로마토그래피를 수행하였다. 물푸레나무의 수피는 소량의 ligstroside와 oleuropein 및 aesculin이나 aesculitin과 같은 다량의 쿠마린 유도체를 포함하고 있었으며 느릅나무 수피 추출물의 대부분은 (+)-catechin과 (+)-catechin-7-O-xylopyranose (+)-catechin-7-O-apiofuranose와 같은 (+)-catechin의 배당체 화합물 및 (+)-catechin의 이량체인 소량의 procyanidin B-3 화합물이었으며 단리된 페놀성 화합물의 구조를 구명하기 위하여 NMR과 FAB-MS 분석을 수행하였다.

• 임산에너지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2002

참나무속 상수리나무와 굴참나무 수피를 채취하여 아세톤-물(7:3, v/v) 혼합용액으로 추출하고 유기용매를 제거한 후 hexane, CH₂C1₂, EtOAc 및 수용성으로 분획하여 동결건조하였다. 두 수종의 EtOAc용성 분획물은 MeOH 수용액 및 EtOH-hexane 혼합용액을 사용하여 Sephadex LH-20 칼럼크로마토그래피를 수행하였다. 단리된 화합물의 구조는 ¹H, /sup 13/C 및 2D-NMR spectrum으로 구조를 구명하였다. 화합물의 분자량은 FAB-MS로 측정하였다. 굴참나무에서는 (+)-catechin, caffeic acid, taxifolin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside를 단리 하였으며 상수리나무에서는 (+)-catechin, (+)-gallocatechin, gallic acid, taxifolin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside를 단리 하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.16-21
• /
• 2003

느릅나무 근피의 메탄올 추출물을 분획하여 항균성을 측정한 결과 항균력이 가장 우수한 수용성 분획을 silicagel column chromatograpy 및 TLC에 의해 분리·정제한 다음 정제 화합물을 UV, IR, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR를 사용하여 구조를 동정하고 그 화합물의 항균력을 검정하였다. 수용성 분획물로부터 두 종류의 정제 화합물을 단리하였다. 기기분석 결과, 화합물 B는 Catechin rhamnoside로 확인되었다. 단리된 정제화합물은 Staphylococcus aureus 및 Salmonella typhimurium에 대하여 항균활성을 나타내었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제71권1호
• /
• pp.59-65
• /
• 1985

충청지역(忠淸地域)에서 조림(造林)되고 있는 주요(主要) 침엽수림(針葉樹林) 수피이용(樹皮利用)의 개선(改善)에 필요(必要)한 기초(基礎)를 얻고자 소나무, 리기다소나무, 잣나무 및 낙엽송 수피(樹皮)의 일반적(一般的) 조성분(組成分)과 수피율(樹皮率) 및 발숙량(發熟量)을 조사분석(調査分析)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1) 수피(樹皮)는 목재(木材)에 비(比)하여 추출물(抽出物)과 lignin 함유량(含有量)이 많다. 그리고 잣나무수피(樹皮)는 낙엽송, 소나무 및 리기다소나무보다 alcohol-benzene 추출물량(抽出物量)이 가장 많았다. 또한 pentosan 함유량(含有量)은 목재(木材)에 비(比)하여 수피(樹皮)가 일반적(一般的)으로 적지만 낙엽송수피(樹皮)에서는 도리어 많았다. 2) 수피(樹皮)의 pH는 3.5~4.1의 범위를 보이고 일반적(一般的)으로 목재(木材)보다 더 산성(酸性)이었다. 그리고 수피(樹皮)의 회분(灰分) 함유량(含有量)은 1.98~2.78%로 목재(木材)에 비(比)하여 월등히 많았다. 3) 수피율(樹皮率)은 원목체적(原木體積)의 13.9~19.8%를 점(占)하고 있으며 수피(樹皮)의 발숙량(發熟量)은 목재(木材)보다 높았다. 그리고 수종별(樹種別) 수피(樹皮)의 발숙량(發熟量)이 높은 순(順)으로는 잣나무(5,504 kcal/kg), 리기다소나무, 낙엽송 및 소나무이었다.