• Journal of Species Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 2022

Two crinoid specimens of genus Tropiometra were collected from Busan and Tongyeong by SCUBA diving on August 2010 and October 2011, respectively. The specimens were identified as Tropiometra macrodiscus (Hara, 1895), which belongs to the family Tropiometridae of superfamily Tropiometroidea. The genus Tropiometra AH Clark, 1907 comprises four species worldwide at present, and it has not been reported in Korea. Tropiometra macrodiscus was first described by Hara (1895) in Japan. It is difficult to distinguish T. macrodiscus from T. afra (Hartlaub, 1890), there has been confusion with examination of their phylogenetic positions in crinoid morphological classification. Despite this, T. macrodiscus can be distinguished from T. afra based on longer arms, stouter whole-body parts, magnificently larger numbers of cirrus, and numerous segments. The morphological characteristics of T. macrodiscus collected in Korea have been described, and DNA barcode region representing cytochrome c oxidase subunit I was obtained for its molecular phylogenetic analysis.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.159-166
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• 2023

The COI gene is a sequence of approximately 650 bp at the 5' terminal of the mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. As an effective DeoxyriboNucleic Acid (DNA) barcode, it is widely used for the taxonomic identification and evolutionary analysis of species. We created a CNN-LSTM hybrid model by combining the gene features partially extracted by the Long Short-Term Memory ( LSTM ) network with the feature maps obtained by the CNN. Compared to K-Means Clustering, Support Vector Machines (SVM), and a single CNN classification model, after training 278 samples in a training set that included 15 genera from two orders, the CNN-LSTM hybrid model achieved 94% accuracy in the test set, which contained 118 samples. We augmented the training set samples and four genera into four orders, and the classification accuracy of the test set reached 100%. This study also proposes calculating the cosine similarity between the training and test sets to initially assess the reliability of the predicted results and discover new species.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2020.07a
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• pp.443-444
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 여러 개의 측방 유동 스트립을 형광분석을 통한 정량분석을 할 수 있는 장비의 각 스트립에 인쇄된 바코드를 카메라를 이용하여 인식하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 알고리즘에서는 각 슬롯의 스트립 유무를 판단하고, 시작 비트의 위치를 템플릿 정합법으로 검출하여 바코드 영역을 찾는다. 각 비트 영역은 바코드 설계 데이터와 기기 교정 시 계산된 공간 해상도를 이용하여 결정된다. 각 비트의 값은 비트 영역 중앙 부분의 평균을 이용하여 결정하였다. 다양한 조명 아래에서 취득한 영상들로부터 스트립 유무 판단, 시작 비트 위치 탐색 성공 여부 및 각 비트 값을 결정 등을 위한 판정 값을 가우시안 모델을 이용하여 계산하였다. 실험 결과 모든 판정 오류는 무시할 만 하였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.130-137
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• 2010

An advancement and wide use of portable multimedia devices make it easy to spread digital sound source, enabling users to use portable multimedia devices and search and enjoy digital sound sources and related contents. In opposition the off-line musical service market with CD stagnates gradually and in the crisis where the off-line musical service market vanishes away. In this paper, we propose the mobile music album information retrieval system which combines the barcode and a cellular phone musical service. To get digital sound sources and related information from music albums, the proposed retrieval system uses one-dimensional barcodes attached to music albums and obtains information on related albums from the sound source servers. Also, to reflect user preferences in search results, the system uses search frequency by music album, and searches albums in music genres selected by users in the order of the recent preference. The proposed mobile music album retrieval system is implemented on the basis of WIPI, and is now providing pilot services.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.81-88
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• 2007

Having been speed development of information delivery using the mobile phone, it is generalization. The Mobile has one of the importance for their information searcher as tool. It is widely recognized that tourism information can be defined as useful and reliable reference which significantly influence the traveler' decision-making. This paper presents pioneer and ongoing study of the method for the pinpionting mobile tourism information system with RTLS, 2D Barcode and mobile phone itself. And, this paper relief that benefit and influence of TCO a view on the business administration points.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.511-520
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• 2016

The most energy-demanding step of wastewater treatment is the aeration-dependent elimination of organic carbon. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) offer an alternative strategy in which carbon elimination is conducted by anaerobic microorganisms that transport respiratory electrons originating from carbon oxidation to an anode. Hence, chemical energy is directly transformed into electrical energy. In this study, the use and stability of barcode-containing exoelectrogenic model biofilms under non-axenic wastewater treatment conditions are described. Genomic barcodes were integrated in Shewanella oneidensis, Geobacter sulfurreducens, and G. metallireducens. These barcodes are unique for each strain and allow distinction between those cells and naturally occurring wild types as well as quantification of the amount of cells in a biofilm via multiplex qPCR. MFCs were pre-incubated with these three strains, and after 6 days the anodes were transferred into MFCs containing synthetic wastewater with 1% wastewater sludge. Over time, the system stabilized and the coulomb efficiency was constant. Overall, the initial synthetic biofilm community represented half of the anodic population at the end of the experimental timeline. The part of the community that contained a barcode was dominated by G. sulfurreducens cells (61.5%), while S. oneidensis and G. metallireducens cells comprised 10.5% and 17.9%, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the stability of a synthetic exoelectrogenic consortium under non-axenic conditions. The observed stability offers new possibilities for the application of synthetic biofilms and synthetically engineered organisms fed with non-sterile waste streams.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.206-211
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• 2012

DNA barcoding has been widely used in species identification and biodiversity research. A short fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence serves as a DNA bio-barcode. We collected DNA barcodes, based on COI sequences from 156 species (529 sequences) of fish, insects, and shellfish. We present results on phylogenetic relationships to assess biodiversity the in the Korean peninsula. Average GC% contents of the 68 fish species (46.9%), the 59 shellfish species (38.0%), and the 29 insect species (33.2%) are reported. Using the Kimura 2 parameter in all possible pairwise comparisons, the average interspecific distances were compared with the average intraspecific distances in fish (3.22 vs. 0.41), insects (2.06 vs. 0.25), and shellfish (3.58 vs. 0.14). Our results confirm that distance-based DNA barcoding provides sufficient information to identify and delineate fish, insect, and shellfish species by means of all possible pairwise comparisons. These results also confirm that the development of an effective molecular barcode identification system is possible. All DNA barcode sequences collected from our study will be useful for the interpretation of species-level identification and community-level patterns in fish, insects, and shellfish in Korea, although at the species level, the rate of correct identification in a diversified environment might be low.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.15-23
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• 2016

Objectives : Araliae Continentalis Radix and Angelicae Pubescentis Radix have been used as the same medicinal name Korean and Chinese traditional medicines, respectively. The authentic Araliae Continentalis Radix is described only the root of Aralia continentalis in the Korean Pharmarcopoeia. However, the dried root of Angelica biserrata, Levisticum officinale, or Heracleum moellendorffii also has been distributed adulterants of Araliae Continentalis Radix. To develop a reliable method for identifying Araliae Continentalis Radix from adulterants, we carried out the analyses of universal DNA barcode sequences.Methods : Four plants species were collected from different habitate and nucleotide sequences of matK and rbcL were analyzed. The species-specific sequences and phylogenetic relationship were estimated using entire sequences of two DNA barcodes, respectively.Results : In comparative analysis of matK sequences, we were identified 104 positions of marker nucleotide for Ar. continentalis, 3 for An. biserrata, 4 for L. officinale and 8 for H. moellendorffii enough to distinguish individual species, respectively. Furthermore, we obtained marker nucleotides in rbcL at 42 positions for Ar. continentalis, 5 for An. biserrata and 2 for H. moellendorffii, but not for L. officinale. The phylogenetic tree of matK and rbcL were showed that all samples were clustered into four groups constituting homogeneous clades within the species.Conclusions : We confirmed that species-specific marker nucleotides of matK sequence provides distinct genetic information enough to identify four species. Therefore, we suggest that matK gene is useful DNA barcode for discriminating authentic Araliae Continentalis Radix from inauthentic adulterants.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

Objectives : Rosae Multiflorae Fructus is a traditional medicine derived from the fruit of Rosa multiflora Thunb. a member of the Rosaceae family. Even though it has a single origin, the possibility of adulterants has always existed. In fact, we had discovered suspicious commercial samples of Rosae Multiflorae Fructus, imported from China. Methods : To define the taxonomic origin of Rosae Multiflorae Fructus and its adulterants, DNA barcode analysis of the internal transcribed spacer, trnL-F intergenic spacer, and psbA-trnH sequences was carried out. These DNA barcode sequences from the correct origin of Rosae Multiflorae Fructus were analyzed and compared with those of other samples from genus Rosa used as medicinal herbs. Results : The analyses of the three DNA barcode sequences efficiently distinguished Rosae Multiflorae Fructus from six other species in genus Rosa and also separated each species used in this study. According to the DNA barcoding results, none of the suspicious commercial samples were Rosae Multiflorae Fructus. RMF09 was identified as Rosa acicularis, whereas RMF10 and RMF11 were identified as Rosa davurica and Rosa rugosa, respectively. These results corroborated the existence of adulterants of Rosae Multiflorae Fructus. Conclusions : Our research provides useful information that could be used as a criterion for distinguishing between Rosae Multiflorae Fructus and its adulterants. These results will help in the prevention of adulteration and also suggest effective methods for verifying the origin of commercial herbal medicines derived from genus Rosa.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

Objectives : Paeng-hwal is described as an insect herbal medicine used for digestive diseases in the Dong-ui-bo-gam. The origin of this herbal medicine is limited to several small crabs, such as Helice tridens. These crab species cohabitat in the same environment and share similar morphological characteristics, making it very difficult to distinguish and collect the individual species for use in dietary supplements or herbal medicines. This study was conducted to develop a genetic identification tool for discriminating among these closely related small crab species. Methods : CO1 DNA barcode regions of 15 samples from 6 species of small crabs were analyzed to obtain the individual sequences. To identify the correct species, comparative analyses were carried out using the database of the NCBI GenBank and the NIBR. SCAR primers were designed to develop simple and rapid assay methods using inter-species specific sequences. Optimal SCAR assay conditions were established through gradient PCR, and the limit of detection (LOD) was determined. Results : Six species of small crabs (Helicana tridens, Macrophthalmus abbreviatus, Helicana tientsinensis, Helicana wuana, Chiromantes dehaani, and Hemigrapsus penicillatus), which are distributed as Paeng-hwal, were identified through CO1 sequences analysis. We also developed SCAR markers to distinguish between six small crabs at the species level. Furthermore, we established the optimal PCR assay methods and the LOD of each individual species. Conclusions : The rapid and simple SCAR-PCR assay methods were developed to identify the species and control the quality of herbal medicines for Paeng-hwal based on the genetic analyses of CO1 DNA barcodes.