• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to get basic user guidelines of safe and efficient bag-valve-mask application on patients having abnormal pathophysiological pulmonary conditions. Methods: This study was performed by pre-qualified 35 EMS junior and senior students. Participants were instructed to compress ambulatory bag randomly about half, one-third, one-fourth within different airway resistance and pulmonary compliance. Resultant tidal volume and pulmonary wedge pressures on RespiTranier monitor were analysed in relation to pulmonary physiologic index. Results: At least over half compression of bag guaranteed minimal tidal volume regardless of pulmonary conditions. There was no increase of pulmonary wedge pressure above the level of barotrauma on half compression at any pulmonary conditions. Conclusion: Assisted ventilation with ambulatory bag on patients with pathological pulmonary conditions should be over half compressed regardless of respiratory disease entity.

• Selected Papers of The Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.29-46
• /
• 1994

In this paper, the effect of a skirt deformation on the responses of an Air Cushion Vehicle in waves is investigated. The air in the bag and plenum chamber is assumed to be compressible and to have a uniform pressure distribution in each volume. The free surface deformation is determined in the framework of a linear potential theory by replacing the cushion pressure with the pressure patch which is oscillating and translating uniformly. And the bag-finger skirt assumed to be deformed due to the pressure disturbance while its surface area remained constant. The restoring force and moment due to the deformation of bag-finger skirt from equilibrium shape is incorporated with the equations of heave and pitch motions. The numerical results of motion responses due to various ratios of the bag and cushion pressure or bag-to-finger depth ratios are shown.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.58.1-58.8
• /
• 2021

Objectives: This study addresses the effect of using nanoparticles (np) on the antimicrobial properties of bioactive glass (BAG) when used in intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilms. Materials and Methods: E. faecalis biofilms, grown inside 90 root canals for 21 days, were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the antimicrobial regimen followed (n = 20; BAG-np, BAG, calcium hydroxide [CaOH], and saline). After 1 week, residual live bacteria were quantified in terms of colony-forming units (CFU), while dead bacteria were assessed with a confocal laser scanning microscope. Results: Although there was a statistically significant decrease in the mean CFU value among all groups, the nano-group performed the best. The highest percentage of dead bacteria was detected in the BAG-np group, with a significant difference from the BAG group. Conclusions: The reduction of particle size and use of a nano-form of BAG improved the antimicrobial properties of the intracanal treatment of E. faecalis biofilms

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.271-276
• /
• 1993

This study was carried out to prepare anchovy based powder for instant soup packed in tea bag which can be used handily as a extractives, and to determine the taste compounds of extractives of anchovy based powder for instant soup. The anchovy based powder for instant soup was made by adding of 72% in the redried anchovy, 14% in the sea tangle, 7% in the mushroom and 7% in the katsuobushi to the total mixtures. And the anchovy based powder for instant soup was packed in tea bag. The desirable extraction time are 5 min in package in tea bag with air permeability $100\;m^3/m^2/min$ and over 20 min in package in tea bag with air permeability $65\;m^3/m^2/min$, respectively. Judging from the result of extraction rate of total nitrogen, color and sensory evaluation in extractives of anchovy based powder for instant soup extracted by optimal extraction time, the quality in extractives of instant soup packed in tea bag with air permeability $100\;m^3/m^2/min$ was superior to those of instant soup unpacked in tea bag and of instant soup packed in tea bag of air permeability $65\;m^3/m^2/min$. The principal taste compounds of extractives of anchovy based powder for instant soup packed in tea bag with air permeability $100\;m^3/m^2/min$ were IMP (9.26 mg/100ml in 5% solution) and free amino acids (24.30 mg/100 ml in 5% solution) such as histidine, proline, lysine and taurine. Total creatinine, betaine and TMAO were seemed to act an auxiliary role in taste of extracives of anchovy based powder for instant soup packed in tea bag with air permeability $100\;m^3/m^2/min$.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.282-289
• /
• 2011

Rapid screening method for the determination of the emissions of pollutants from vehicle interior parts and materials have been developed as ISO 12219-2 which is using bag and based on a static condition. The method was not controlled humidity in the test bag, so it is not suitable test method for formaldehyde emission test which is highly related to humidity condition. In this study, possibility of control humidity in the static test bag by adding extra water and the effect of humidity condition for formaldehyde emissions have been investigated. The relative humidity in the test bag was affected not only amount of water added also material of test bag and test specimen. The emission intensity of formaldehyde was increased according to increasing relative humidity in test bag. But excessively supplied water was condensed on the inner surface of test bag and surface of sample specimen that were sorption formaldehyde and were reduced its emission intensity.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.263-269
• /
• 2017

The mineral contents, and free amino acid, and fatty acid composition of rack and bag or suspended cultured oysters Crassostrea gigas were compared. The moisture content did not change much from 82.8% to 86.3% in the different culture methods. The glycogen level was low 4.7% during rack and bag culture but high 7.2% during suspended culture. The sodium level was the highest during suspended culture, while copper and zinc level were highest during rack and bag culture. The taurine level was 1,385-1,375 mg/100 g in oyster cultured using the rack and bag method, but that in the market sample was lowest at 1,015.8 mg/100 g. Hydroxyproline, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, and alanine were detected at high levels in the experimental oysters. The polyunsaturated fatty acid content was similar among samples. The docosahexaenoic acid level was 14% with rack and bag culture and 12% with suspended culture, whereas the eicosapentaenoic acid level was 15% with rack and bag culture and 20% with suspended culture. The atherogenic index (AI), thrombogenicity index (TI), and hypocholesterolemic/ hypercholesterolemic (h/H) ratio were important factors in the nutritional evaluation. The AI and TI values were 0.5-0.2, and the h/H ratio were 2.0 and 2.4 with the rack and bag and suspended culture, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.459-469
• /
• 2012

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to examine changes caused by asymmetric bag carrying methods to carry the bag with one shoulder only to plantar pressure during walking. METHODS: Twenty three normal adults without any gait problem participated in the present study. Experimental conditions used consisted of walking without carrying any bag(condition 1), walking wearing a bag on both shouders (condition 2), and walking wearing a bag on the right shoulder(condition 3) and the weight of the bag was set to 15% of each subject's body weight. All the subjects were instructed to participate in all experiments under these three conditions and plantar pressures were measured from the subjects' right and left feet using an F-scan system while the subjects were walking under the three conditions. To analyze the measured plantar pressure, the sole was divided into seven areas (Hallux, Toe, Met1, Met23, Met45, Mid foot and Heel) and maximum plantar pressures in individual areas were measured. RESULTS: The results of measurement of plantar pressures under three walking conditions did not show significant changes in any areas of the left and right feet except for the mid foot area of the right food. The asymmetry between the left and right feet was examined and the results showed significant differences only in area Met23 under condition 2 and did not show significant differences in any other areas. CONCLUSION: On comprehensively considering the results of the present study, it could be seen that asymmetric bag carrying did not have large effects on changes in plantar pressure during walking compared to symmetric carrying. The reason for this is considered to be posture adjusting mechanisms against load positions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.52 no.4
• /
• pp.299-307
• /
• 2016

This study aims to investigate effects of the length of the buoy and sand bag line on the loss of webfoot octopus pot. A numerical modeling and simulation was carried out to analyze the process that the pot gear affected by wave using the mass spring model. Through the simulation, tensions of sand bag line under various condition were investigated by length of buoy and sand bag line. The drag force and coefficient k of an artificial shell used in the webfoot octopus pot was obtained from an experiment in a circular water channel, and the coefficient k was applied to the simulation. To verify the accuracy of the simulation model, a simple test was conducted into measuring a rope tension of a hanging shell under flow. Then, the test result was compared with the simulation. The lengths of the buoy line in the simulation were 1.12, 1.41, 1.80, 2.23, 2.69, and 3.17 times of water depth. The lengths of sand bag line were 10, 20, 30, and 40 meters, and conditions of water depth were 8, 15, 22 meters. 4 meter height and 8 second period of wave were applied to all simulations. As a results, the tension of the sand bag line was decreased as the buoy and sand bag line were increased. The minimum tension of the sand bag line was appeared in conditions that the length of the buoy line is twice of water depth and the sand bag line length is over 40 meters (except in case of depth 8 meters.).

• Genes and Genomics
• /
• v.40 no.12
• /
• pp.1269-1277
• /
• 2018

Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) mutations have been reported to cause the myofibrillar myopathy (MFM) which shows progressive limb muscle weakness, respiratory failure, and cardiomyopathy. Myopathy patients with BAG3 mutation are very rare. We described a patient showing atypical phenotypes. We aimed to find the genetic cause of Korean patients with sensory motor polyneuropathy, myopathy and rigid spine. We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) with 423 patients with sensory motor polyneuropathy. We found BAG3 mutation in one patient with neuropathy, myopathy and rigid spine syndrome, and performed electrophysiological study, whole body MRI and muscle biopsy on the patient. A de novo heterozygous p.Pro209Leu (c.626C>T) mutation in BAG3 was identified in a female myopathy. She first noticed a gait disturbance and spinal rigidity at the age of 11, and serum creatine kinase levels were elevated ninefolds than normal. She showed an axonal sensory-motor polyneuropathy like Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), myopathy, rigid spine and respiratory dysfunction; however, she did not show any cardiomyopathy, which is a common symptom in BAG3 mutation. Lower limb MRI and whole spine MRI showed bilateral symmetric fatty atrophy of muscles at the lower limb and paraspinal muscles. When we track traceable MRI 1 year later, the muscle damage progressed slowly. As far as our knowledge, this is the first Korean patient with BAG3 mutation. We described a BAG3 mutation patient with atypical phenotype of CMT and myopathy, and those are expected to broaden the clinical spectrum of the disease and help to diagnose it.

• Particle and aerosol research
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.173-183
• /
• 2010

The high temperature pleated filter bags which were used during this study were made of pleated nonwoven fabric of heat and acid resistant polysulfonate fibers which can withstand the heat up to $300^{\circ}C$ and have a filtration area which is 3 to 5 times larger than the conventional round filter bags. Cartridge module packed with 3 kind of the sulfur impregnated activated-carbon based sorbents were inserted in the inner of the pleated filter bag. This type of pleated filter bag was designed to remove not only the particulate matter but also the gaseous elemental mercury. The electrostatic precipitator part can enhance the particulate removal efficiency and reduce the pressure drop of the pleated filter bag by agglomerated particles to form a more porous dust layer on the surface of the pleated bag which is increased the filter bag cleaning efficiency. In addition, the most of particles are separated from the flue gas stream through the cyclone and the electrostatic precipitator part which were installed at the lower part and main body part of the convergence particulate collector, respectively. Thus reduce particulate loading of the high temperature pleated filter bags were applied in this study to analyze the removal characteristics of particulate matter and gaseous elemental mercury.