• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.169-176
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• 2004

It is incontestable that the essence of the current fever of well-being is pseudo-ideology, which is the commercialized well-being. Nevertheless, the potential value as the cultural contests of Korean Design, reaching the philosophy of well-being, must not be overlooked. Being more than its dictionary meaning of 'happiness' and 'welfare', well-being aims peace of mind and richness in mentality, thus supports the life style of 'Body-Mind Monism'. As a trend that has taken a ride on the consumerism, it is inevitable to excavate the benign cultural value that an ordinary sign of well-being lacks in order to create a peculiar model of Korea's design contents by sublimating the commodity aesthetic of well-being into an alternative argument possessing the cultural identity of Korea. Well-being, not much different form an attitude of following the 'ways of nature', is a typical model of non-dualistic thinking of East Asia. By tracing back to the indication of well-being that already existed in the non-dualistic thought and design of East Asia, the genealogy connecting the current phenomena of well-being to the Body-Mind Monism can be found in the cultural traditions of as close as Korea and as far as East Asia. In the case of adopting the monistic way of East Asian thinking that sees body and mind as one not two as the theoretical background of well-being imported fro the West, it is expected to provide a solution for the design discourse of Korea to be out of colonialism. Well-being contributes to the monistic awareness in the period of self-reflected modernization, which needs to search new values based on the reconsideration of dualistic paradigm centered on the Western culture, thus it is worth putting anticipation on the potential significance well-being would have in the field of national as well as international design world.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.42-50
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• 2011

In the 21st century, people began to pay more attention on the culture, and the chances for them to participate in the cultural lives also increased. The spaces for entertainments can also be deemed as the center of the cultural contents. The entertainment is, in consideration of its definition by the literal meaning and the origin of the word itself, 'an act that entertains, or any artificial creation that is designed to give entertainment with a view to relieve the subjects from the burdens they have as they live.'Of the modem entertainment spaces, the one with the most profound visual manifestation of the entertainment element is the club. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence from the entertaining element manifested in the club spaces. Only until a few years back, the club spaces were deemed with negative impressions that comes with the more negative side of the entertaining world. But, recently such negative impressions are lift off considerably, and the club spaces are regarded with positive impressions as to be the kind of place where the young people can enjoy performances and other kind of culture in healthy atmosphere. In Chapter 2, we will examine the entertainment and the nature of the pleasure it gives, as well as the correlation between the entertaining environments and the pleasure they give. In chapter 3, the entertaining elements within such contexts are classified into the experience, form, color, objects, and the lightings and examine the characteristics of each of them. Also, the influences of these elements to the entertaining environment will be reviewed. In the case study in chapter 4, 9 overseas and domestic club spaces that were introduced in 'Interior World' magazines, that is, in the issues that are focused on 'Entertainment,'such as Issue 59, 68, and 79. As a result of the analysis, the influences of the entertaining, or pleasing, elements were discovered. The particular expression characteristics of the pleasing designs in the club spaces are, namely, the form elements, material elements, color elements, objects elements, and the lighting elements. As the society changes and the cultural level goes up, the club spaces are required to adopt more changes. Therefore, the pleasing elements of the space should receive further emphasis. These elements will act as a trend in the space and make the people appreciate the space more refreshing.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.481-496
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• 2009

Every coastal area exhibits its own unique landscape owing to the combination of the natural and cultural processes. Coastal barrier islands well show the cultural aspects of American coastal landscapes. Some 47% of barrier island area was occupied by urban and built-up area in New Jersey, while some 5% in Georgia. Tourism-related development is back to in the mid 19C. in N.J. due to the closeness to heavily populated areas such as New York and Philadelphia. Developments without proper understanding the nature of coastal processes caused New Jerseyization, the destruction of the beauty or naturalness. It was mainly due to the lack of growth-control policies and the foresight for the future coast in the processes of legislation. North Carolina's islands experienced an increase of 269% in urbanized acreage between 1956 and 1976. However, N.C. exercised her wisdom to recover the naturalness of the coastal environs: all engineering structures are banned on the beaches. Nine out of 13 barrier islands in Georgia exist in the wilderness condition owing to her unique history. The remaining islands still experienced the least development. After the Civil War most of Georgian islands were owned by rich families and maintained as wilderness. In the 1970s most of the uninhabited islands were sold or donated to research institutes or governmental agencies.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 1997

One of the strenuous problems in orthodontic procedures is postretention stability and retention against relapse. Many investigative trial had been done to disclose the factors associated with relapse and effective prescription to stave off, however, the nature of these jeopardies remained obscure. The objective was to investigate the long-term stability and quantitative changes of dental arches subsequently after Class I nonextraction treatment. Study models,cephalometric headfilms of 26 samples which were taken before, after teatment and postretention were employed to measure the interdental width of corresponding buccal teeth,overbite,overjet and the inclination of incisors and molars. Statistical analysis was carried to compare each measurements across the time period, and followings were brought around. 1. The quantitative amount of relapse in overbite presented positive correlation with the amount of changes through the treatment. 2. Stability of intercanine width was so far secure in the case the expansion had been done through. 3. The amount of changes in intercanine width of the lower regardless of expansion or contraction manifested less than the upper, however, the relapse ratio got high. 4. The upper and lower incisors were likely to be labioversive, and remained stable after retention. 5. The first molars of the upper and lower were conceivably tipped back immediately after treatment and returned to the original angulation. The expansion of intermolar width stayed stable across the time scheme after treatment It was suggested that the maintenance of intercanine width of lower was pertinent to perform the postretention stabilityv and the expansion of dental arch shoed be confined within physiologic boundaries of the patients.

• KOMUNHWA
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• no.69
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• pp.63-89
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• 2007

The Archaeological sites of so called Round Clay Rim Pottery (Jeomtodaetogi : 점토대토기) culture in Kangwon region have been rarely excavated in proper form. Since most cases belong to those of ground surface gatherings, it is difficult to certify the nature and the association with other artifacts. Therefore, researches on that culture have been limited to simply set the chronological order in the Bronze Age in realtion with the Plain Pottery culture. However, a comparative study trying to explain the Round Clay Rim Pottery culture in both Yeongseo(영서) and Yeongdong(영동) has become possible thanks to recent excavation results from the sites of Chilgeon-dong(칠전동) in Chunchon City(춘천시) and Songrim-ri(송림리) in Kangneung City(강릉시), for example. Certain difference can be observed in form and amount of artifacts in between Yeongseo and Yeongdong. Such difference can be seen as individual localization in different places diffused from a common source, rather than showing different stages of unilineal developmental process of one culture. The Round Clay Rim Pottery culture seems to have been coexisted with the Rim-Perforated Pottery(공렬토기) and Dolmen(지석묘) culture. According to the radiocarbondatings, the upper time limit of the Round Clay Rim Pottery culture goes back considerably beyond the alleged upper limit of either the late fourth century or the second century B.C.. However, both cultures absorbed into the Iron Culture during the same period.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.437-452
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• 2019

The HACCP evaluation standards for the meat packaging plant are divided into general scale HACCP evaluation standard and small scale HACCP evaluation standard. There are 69 evaluation items in the general scale HACCP evaluation criteria, of which 54 items in the prerequisite management and 15 items in the HACCP management are included. The number of small scale HACCP evaluation items are 20 and about 29% of the general scale HACCP evaluation items. This may not be enough to produce a safety livestock products for the purpose of implementing the HACCP system due to the nature of the meat packaging plant, which does not show much difference in the production process or method of product depending on the scale. To improve the small scale HACCP evaluation standard, the importance of each item was compared with the small scale HACCP evaluation based on the rate of non-compliance and the severity levels in the general scale HACCP evaluation items. As a result of the study, 8 items were derived from the prerequisites management, 2 items were derived from the HACCP management, and some similar evaluation items were grouped together. Finally, 10 items were added to the 20 items of the existing small scale HACCP evaluation items. In this study, study on the safety management of domestic livestock products are continuously carried out, so that it is possible to provide safety livestock products to consumers and contributes to securing competitiveness of domestic livestock industry.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.41
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• pp.381-413
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• 2015

This article aims to trace a historical trajectory of "Humanism" as a Modern scientific concept in the light of Michel Foucault's genealogy. Generally, we believe that Humanism is a natural and eternal idea for mankind, because no one doubts that he or she is not included in the category of a "Human Being." On the contrary, according to French philosopher Foucault, the Idea of Humanism, or anthropocentrism, appeared only in the Modern Age, from the 16th century downward. Before the Renaissance, human beings did not occupy the most important status in Nature, and only existed as natural beings. As soon as mankind was liberated from the superstitious of fear and religious dogma, the concept of "Human Being" is supplied with new meanings and values. The famous maxim, such as, "Man is the lord of creation" constitutes modern human science as an inviolable category of modernity. However, Foucault tried to illuminate the hidden sides of humanism, and gave us the strict warning on the end of the human beings, which turned out to be an object of Modern knowledge. If there would be no reason to maintain a knowledge system of Modernity, in other words, Modernity as knowledge would lose its validity and we could give up Humanism as a heavy burden. Moreover, it is very clear that we are confronted with the critical moments of radical skepticism on the meaning and value for Humanity. That means that we need to think about the new transformations of Human Beings, which will probably appear in the forms of "Non-Humans," "Machines (Deleuze & Guattari)," or "Post-Humans" etc. At the present time, we cannot know if it will be positive, or negative for mankind. We should look back at the history of Humanism from a genealogical perspective, which is why we have to investigate the conceptual trajectory of Humanism in this moment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2021

Republic of Korea has many nuclear facilities in the country, and Democratic People's Republic of Korea(North Korea) locates in the surrounding country. Therefore, it is necessary to construct the target facility's nuclear forensic data in a preemptive response to the changing international situation. For this reason, this study suggests "signature" materials used to understand the origins and sources of nuclear and other radioactive materials, taking into account domestic nuclear facilities and the nuclear fuel cycle. In domestic, pressurized light water reactors and pressurized heavy water reactors are in operation, and enriched and natural uranium are used as fuels. In the front-end fuel cycle, the signature materials can be nature uranium and UF6 in the uranium enrichment process. The domestic back-end fuel cycle adopts a non-circulating cycle excluding the reprocessing process, and the primary signature material is spent nuclear fuel. According to IAEA recommendation, the importance of these materials as the signature and characteristic contents are suggested in this study. To prove the integrity of nuclear material and build a national nuclear forensics library, it is necessary to grasp the signature material and acquire the characteristic data considering the domestic nuclear facilities and the nuclear fuel cycle.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.36
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• pp.347-377
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• 2003

China is a country with large agricultural areas and subject to frequent calamities. Drought is the top of them. It has been a key problem for development of agriculture in the country. In the long struggle against drought, Chinese have accumulated many rational and irrational experiences. The Dragon Kings Belief, which is popular in North China and discussed in a thesis, is one of their irrational experiences. The belief was passed together with Buddhism from India to China in the Tang Dynasty. After it settled down, it was incorporated with the local five dragons belief and a set of beliefs in dragon kings came into existence. The emergence of the dragon kings belief ended the history that the title of rain got was not clear in China and Dragon kings finally got the status. Irrigation is the lifeblood of agriculture in China. In a Chinese mind, Dragon kings are the most important gods who take charge of rain and thus offer the lifeblood. In understanding the nature and characteristics of Chinese traditional culture, it is important for us to make clear the origin and evolution of the belief, find out its nature, function and operation. In the every year beginning of February of the Fanzhuang calendar in the people of Hebeisheng Zhaoxian, would all hold a festival to offer sacrifices to the $^{{\circ}TM}^{\prime}longpai$. Longpai was regarded as the core of the temple fair, thus the native sons came to call this festival; "longpaihui". In this region the'Fanzhuang longpaihui'developed into a well knownand grand temple fair. It was able to attract numerous pilgrims with its special magic power, occupying a place in $China^{{\circ}TM}$ 'eryueer'festival with festive dragon activities. The dragon is a common totem among Chinese nationals. The belief worship of the dragon dates from the start time of primitive societies. Dragon oneself the ancients worship's thunder lightning. In the worship of the great universe, at first afterwards this belief with the tribe's totem worships to combine to become the animal spirit. In ancient myths legends, along with folk religion and beliefs all hold a very important position. The longpaihui is a temple fair without a temple; this characteristic is a distinction between longpaihui and other temple fairs. As for longpaihui must of the early historical records are unclear. The originator of a huitou system has a kind of organized form of the special features rather, originator of a huitou not fix constant, everything follows voluntarily principle, can become member with the freedom, also can back at any time the meeting. There is a longpaihui for 'dangjiaren', is total representative director in the originator of a huitou will. 'banghui' scope particularly for extensive, come apparently every kind of buildup that help can return into the banghui, where is the person of this village or outside village of, the general cent in banghui work is clear and definite, for longpaihui would various businesses open smoothly the exhibition provides to guarantees powerfully. Fanzhuang longpaihui from the beginning of February to beginning six proceed six days totally. The longpai is used as the ancestry absolute being to exsits with the community absolute being at the same time in fanzhuang first took civil faith, in reality is a kind of method to support social machine in native folks realize together that local community that important function, it provided a space, a kind of a view to take with a relation, rising contact, communication, solidify the community contents small village, formation with fanzhuang. The fanzhuang is used as supplies for gathering town, by luck too is this local community trade exchanges center at the same time therefore can say the faith of the longpai, in addition to its people's custom, religious meaning, still have got the important and social function. Moreover matter worthy of mentioning, Longpai would in organize process, from prepare and plan the producing of meeting every kind of meeting a longpeng of the matter do, all letting person feeling is to adjust the popular support of, get the mass approbation with positive participate. Apart from the originator of a huitou excluding, those although not originator of a huitou, however enthusiasm participate the banghui of its business, also is too much for the number.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.136-145
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• 2007

Redevelopment about land that nature green tract of land and dilapidated city equipment including greenbelt make a strong resolution in city with change of town planning area according to growth of city is consisting. Formation of city of these phenomenon is old and personality of city changes rapidly, the speed becomes fast. Phenomenon that Busan moves to neighborhood area as convenience of traffic of industrial facilities that was on spearhead of economic growth move to outer wall of city and port facilities is deterioration, as becoming decline Tuesday industry form of city in the second industry the third phenomenon that alter by the 4th happen and case of residential area old residential area of inland area change for the worse of habit be and impulse to steal is augmented in the 1970, 80 is appearing. Hereupon the result inland area which analyzes the change with the use area compared to the area where it is coming in contact to the coast the diffusion of the residential area or the business park appears area, the factory back of nine cities acts Gangseo-gu or Gijang-gun of the industry area this with the fact that it changes.