• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.194-202
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• 2014

Steering axis of suspensions is an important factor that affects ride and handling quality in the vehicle chassis development. Macpherson strut and double wishbone's steering axis are defined geometrically, but multi-link suspensions can not be geometrically analyzed. In this case instant axis theory is commonly used to find a steering axis. Since the steering axis is moving with varying caster and kingpin inclination angle, this method approximately corresponds with exact solution. In this paper, we propose a velocity analysis method to find a pure rotational axis of the wheel relative to suspension arms, that is exact solution of the steering axis. This paper extends the method to analyze the steering axis of multi-link suspensions with bushing compliance. The analysis results applied to double wishbone and multi-link suspensions demonstrate validity and accuracy of the proposed method.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.158-162
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• 2017

This paper did basic study on the vertical-axis wind turbine. Namely, This paper was try to find the optimum conditions by using the ANSYS CFX simulation program through the changes of the main-blade angle and sub-blade angle. Main-blade Shape #4 angle $45^{\circ}$ compared to others Shape angle $0^{\circ}$ was increased by 157.2[%] to 263.2[%] in the power output and was increased by 110[%] to 250[%] in the power coefficient. Also, when the Shape #5 Fin length of main-blade doubles, because the power output was 70.8[%] compared to Shape #1 and 27.5[%] compared to Shape #4, and the power coefficient was 60[%] compared to Shape #1 and 28.6[%] compared to Shape #4, the power output and the power efficiency were rather reduced. The output current of Shape #4 was increased 109.9[%] compared to Shape #1 and increased 250[%] compared to Shape #5, and The output voltage of Shape #4 was increased 22.5[%] compared to Shape #1 and increased 3.7[%] compared to Shape #4.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2014.03a
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• pp.619-624
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 타원형 실린더 주위의 유동과 항력 및 양력 계수의 변화를 관찰하였다. EDISON_CFD를 이용하여 자유 유동(free stream)에서 타원형 실린더의 장단축 비율과 회전된 각도의 변화에 따라 실린더 후방의 유동과 압력 분포의 변화를 보고, 이에 따른 항력 계수 및 양력 계수의 변화를 시뮬레이션 하였다. 또한, 채널 유동 내에서 벽 근접에 따른 유동 변화와 항력 및 양력 계수의 변화를 관찰하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.466-471
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• 2003

In this paper, we introduce a new photodetector configuration that automatically aligns its receiving angle to the incident signal light. Around the central photodiode that receives the optical signal, 4 photodiodes on ${\Phi}$-axis and 2 photodiodes on $\theta$-axis are installed in order to drive 2 step motors in f and $\theta$ direction. The photodetector completes angle-alignment within Isec to the signal light from an arbitrary direction.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.329-332
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• 2004

ZnO thin films were grown with different plume-substrate angles by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) to control the amount of ablated species arriving on a substrate per laser shot. The angles between plume propagation direction and substrate plane (P-S angle) were 0$^{\circ}$, 45$^{\circ}$ and 90$^{\circ}$. The growth time was changed in order to adjust film thickness. From the XRD pattern exhibiting a dominant (002) and a minor (101) XRD peak of ZnO, all films were found to be well oriented along c-axis. From the AFM image, it was found that the grain size of ZnO thin film was increased, as P-S angle decreased. UV intensity investigated by PL (Photoluminescence) increased as P-S angle decreased.

• 한국터널공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.359-371
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• 2005

The Cutting slope is to be minimized when a tunnel meets the contour of slope terrain at a right angle around its portal. However, a tunnel portal has been generally installed at a right angle to the longitudinal axis of a tunnel with no consideration of the intersection angle with the slope terrain. This sometimes tended to cause huge cutting slope that resulted in many disadvantage in terms of safty, economy and environment. Therefore, the minimization of cutting slope is studied by taking the intersection angle into account, and the result is compared with that by the conventional method. In addition a design method for the inclined portal to the tunnel axis is proposed through 3D-FEM analysis, also the applicable ground condition is suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.12 no.S1
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• pp.33-35
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• 2003

The electrooptic properties of the reflected light in a reflective mode, $45^{\circ}C$twisted nematic liquid crystal (TNLC) cell were investigated in the voltage regions near and away from the Freedericksz transition threshold. The measured reflectivity away from the threshold voltage ($V_th$) could not be described by the model which assurnes a constant tilt angle as well as a linearized distribution of twist angle across the cell, although the data are well fitted near $V_th$. We found that in the voltage region away from $V_th$, the model considering the distributions of the tilt angle and the twist angle should be applied for the calculation of the reflectivity. The director-axis distributions were obtained from the numerical integration of the Euler-Lagrange equation.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.12
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• pp.2370-2378
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• 2009

The enhanced phase angle estimation algorithm is essential to supply the power stably under synchronizing with grid source. In this paper, we are proposed the novel phase angle estimation algorithm and verified the validity of proposed method as simulation with PSIM and experiments. We sort the harmonics element using high-pass filter(HPF) that have the cut-off frequency below basic element and make reverse d-q transformation. So, it can be restored the harmonics element at stationary axis, and we can get the fundamental voltage element of AC grid. Proposed PLL method have a rapid responsibility and a large margin at controller design than conventional method because it have a small phase delay and a sufficient controller gain margin. And, it can reduce the error of voltage rms value and axis transformation according to robust PLL algorithm against the harmonic and phase unbalance.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2021

The effect of the out-of-plane retardation (Rth) of a substrate film on the viewing-angle dependence of transmittance (TR) in a display device was investigated. When the polarization state of input light deviates from the transmission axis of the polarizer, Rth of the substrate film induces inhomogeneous viewing-angle dependence of TR. The inhomogeneity of TR gets worse for greater values of of Rth. The inhomogeneous TR profile can be eliminated by inserting compensation films, which convert the input polarization state to the linear polarization state parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.58-64
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• 2019

The paper proposes a stiffness measurement device composed of a measurement part including six indenters and a fixing part including four fixtures. The device is able to make simultaneously measurements of the stiffness of human arm. The six indenters make use of both position and force control schemes sequentially whenever needed. In addition, the loadcells and the digital encoders are attached to the indenters and electric motors, respectively, so that the data can be provided in real time. On the end of the indenter, two-axis potentiometer is attached in order to measure the angle difference between the applied force axis and the axis normal to the skin of human arm, and to convert the force measured on the loadcell into the actual applied force to skin. For this purpose, the mapping between the voltage output and the angle of potentiometer was obtained by fitting it for each axis. Ultimately, the measurement device was able to measure the stiffnesses of six regions of human arm.