• Title/Summary/Keyword: avoidance of S&T

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How to Improve the Welfare of Science & Technology Personnel: Based on the Construction of Comprehensive Welfare Town for S&T Personnel (과학기술인의 종합복지 제고 전략: 과학기술인 종합복지타운 건립을 중심으로)

  • Jeong, Seon-Yang;Lee, Jong-Min
    • Journal of Technology Innovation
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.155-182
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    • 2006
  • Science & Technology(S&T) personnel have been Playing a major role to develop our country since S&T is the most important factor in enhancing national competitiveness in the 21st century, As S&T activities are done by S&T personnel, it is essential to improve the welfare of S&T personnel in order to increase the performance of S&T activities. We should motivate them to pour their efforts and energy in S&T activities. However, the issue of S&T personnel's welfare has not been discussed sufficiently not only in academic research, but also in actual S&T policies. It has caused many social problems, for example, avoidance of S&T areas by young generation, low social recognition of S&T community, and so on. Under this background, this paper aims at investigating how to effectively improve S&T personnel's welfare. In this paper, we will suggest the 'Comprehensive Welfare Town for S&T personnel' as an effective instrument for improving of S&T personnel's welfare. In particular, we will discuss the detailed aspects of the comprehensive welfare town : objectives, strategies and budgets.

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The Effect of Depression, Avoidance Coping Style, Quality of Life on Suicidal Ideation of the Elder in Community (지역사회 재가노인의 우울, 회피적 대처방식, 삶의 질이 자살생각에 미치는 영향)

  • Chang, Koung-Oh
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.19 no.8
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    • pp.513-523
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    • 2018
  • This study was to examine the effects of depression, avoidance coping and quality of life on suicidal ideation of elders living at home. A descriptive survey study was conducted with a survey of 509 older people in person 50 senior center at G city from November 30, 2017 to 1. The data were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression using IBM SPSS WIN 24.0 program. The mean score of the was depression $8.50{\pm}3.51$, avoidance coping style $12.36{\pm}3.41$, quality of life $7.26{\pm}1.97$ and suicidal ideation $6.16{\pm}1.78$. Suicidal ideation was had a negative correlation with Depression(r=-.219, p<.001) and a positive correlation with avoidance coping style(r=.277, p<.001). The result of the regression indicated that depression, avoidance coping style and gender explained 12.1% of variance in suicidal ideation. The results suggest that depression, avoidance coping style and gender were associated with suicidal ideation. Therefore it is necessary to develop strategies to reduce the depression, avoidance coping style and improve quality of life for community dwelling elders to reduce suicidal ideation.

Ingestion Responses of the Copepod Tigriopus japonicus Exposed to the Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) and Chemically Enhanced WAF (CEWAF) of Crude Oil (유류 오염에 의한 요각류 Tigriopus japonicus의 섭식반응)

  • Lee, Kyun-Woo
    • Journal of Marine Life Science
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.121-125
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    • 2016
  • This study examined the feeding response of the harpacticoid copepod, Tigriopus japonicus exposed to WAF or CEWAF to understand whether decreased feeding of the copepod by oil exposure is induced by food avoidance or medium toxicity. In the medium without WAF, there was no difference in the ingestion rate of the copepod among all polluted diets those were exposed to different concentrations of WAF. The present of WAF in the medium however caused a decrease in the ingestion rate at 100% WAF treatment. In the mixed diet treatment with adhesive diatoms and Tetraselmis suecica, T. japonicus had significantly lower ingestion rate on adhesive diatoms than on others in the medium with CEWAF. As a result, decreased ingestion of T. japonicus by oil exposure was caused by oil toxicity in medium, which may not have directly related with an avoidance of polluted food organisms.

A Preliminary Study on the Development and Effects of an Emotional Intervention Program for Maladaptive Preschoolers (부적응 행동 유아를 위한 정서중재 프로그램 개발 예비연구)

  • Shin, Hyewon;Song, Hyerin
    • Korean Journal of Child Studies
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.77-93
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this research is to develop and evaluate an emotional intervention program for maladaptive preschoolers. The emotional intervention program focused on nurturing the ability to express emotions in healthy ways and how to empathize with others while the preschoolers perceives negative emotions. The participants in this study were nineteen preschoolers, residing in S city. Nineteen subjects were assigned to an experimental group practicing an emotional intervention program. The preschoolers participated in 8-session programs once a week over the course of eight weeks. Descriptive statistics, paired t-test and hierarchical cluster analysis were performed. The results of this study were as follows. First, there were significant differences between posttests and pretests results. The results showed a decrease in maladaptive preschooler's problematic behaviors and aggressive strategies. The maladaptive preschoolers showed more representations of anxiety, avoidance/withdrawal, and deregulated/aggression. In addition the results also showed a decrease in preschooler's representations of anxiety, avoidance/withdrawal, and deregulated/aggression.

The Effect of Social Support and, Avoidance Coping Style and Depression on Suicidal Ideation among in the Elderly over the Age 65 in G City (G시 65세 이상 노인의 사회적 지지, 회피적 대처방식 및 우울이 자살생각에 미치는 영향)

  • Oh, Eum-Jung;Chang, Koung-Oh
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.92-103
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    • 2021
  • This study was undertaken to examine the effects of social support, as well as avoidance coping, depression and suicidal ideation, of the elderly over 65 years, in G city. This was a descriptive survey study, enrolling 482 subjects from 9 elderly schools in G city, from October 31, 2019 to 1. Data collected were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression, using the SPSS WIN 24.0 program. The average score of social support was 5.71±1.11, avoidance coping style 12.41±3.45, depression 6.33±2.77, and suicidal ideation 6.17±1.87. Suicidal ideation (r=0.292, p<0.001) positively correlated with avoidance coping, and negatively correlated with gender (r=-0.02, p=0.018), number of family (r=-0.12, p=0.008), social support (r=-0.19, p<0.001), and depression (r=-0.24, p<0.001). Results of regression indicated that gender, social support, avoidance coping style, and depression explained 12.8% of variance in suicidal ideation. Therefore, our results indicate the necessity to develop a support program that improves the social support, and addresses avoidance coping style, depression and suicidal ideation, thereby helping to reduce negative thinking amongst the community of seniors aged over 65 years.

A Study for Avoidance Alarm Algorithm with ADS-B Message (ADS-B 메시지를 이용한 충돌 경보 알고리즘에 관한 연구)

  • Ju, Yo-Han;Ku, SungKwan;Hong, Gyo-Young
    • Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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    • v.19 no.5
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    • pp.379-388
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    • 2015
  • In the end of 1990's, future free flight technology had been developed and tested in America and government established the plan for free flight until 2017. Aircraft separation assurance must be secured essentially to avoid collision between aircrafts before Free Flight comes true. Now, Civil aircraft has rules about avoidance activity with traffic collision avoidance system (TCAS) but it can't apply to light aircraft. So there is a need about alternative method to apply light-aircraft because it has space and price problem to use TCAS. In this paper, TCAS algorithm has been modified and verified by simulating with LABVIEW program under ADS-B condition to get miniaturization and weight lighting cheaply. By simulating, collision alert algorithm is analyzed and verified with collision situation proposed by ICAO, and 100% checked for performing the alert announciation on all cases by TCAS standards.

Structural Properties of Social Network and Diffusion of Product WOM: A Sociocultural Approach (사회적 네트워크 구조특성과 제품구전의 확산: 사회문화적 접근)

  • Yoon, Sung-Joon;Han, Hee-Eun
    • Journal of Distribution Research
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.141-177
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    • 2011
  • I. Research Objectives: Most of the previous studies on diffusion have concentrated on efficacy of WOM communication with the use of variables at individual level (Iacobucci 1996; Midgley et al. 1992). However, there is a paucity of studies which investigated network's structural properties as antecedents of WOM from the perspective of consumers' sociocultural propensities. Against this research backbone, this study attempted to link the network's structural properties and consumer' WOM behavior on cross-national basis. The major research objective of this study was to examine the relationship between network properties and WOM by comparing Korean and Chinese consumers. Specific objectives of this research are threefold; firstly, it sought to examine whether network properties (i.e., tie strength, centrality, range) affect WOM (WOM intention and quality of WOM). Secondly, it aimed to explore the moderating effects of cutural orientation (uncertainty avoidance and individuality) on the relationship between network properties and WOM. Thirdly, it substantiates the role of innovativeness as antecedents to both network properties and WOM. II. Research Hypotheses: Based on the above research objectives, the study put forth the following research hypotheses to validate. ${\cdot}$ H 1-1 : The Strength of tie between two counterparts within network will positively influence WOM effectivenes ${\cdot}$ H 1-2 : The network centrality will positively influence the WOM effectiveness ${\cdot}$ H 1-3 : The network range will positively influence the WOM effectiveness ${\cdot}$ H 2-1 : The consumer's uncertainty avoidance tendency will moderate the relationship between network properties and WOM effectiveness ${\cdot}$ H 2-2 : The consumer's individualism tendency will moderate the relationship between network properties and WOM effectiveness ${\cdot}$ H 3-1 : The consumer's innovativeness will positively influence the social network properties ${\cdot}$ H 3-2 : The consumer's innovativeness will positively influence WOM effectiveness III. Methodology: Through a pilot study and back-translation, two versions of questionnaire were prepared, one in Korean and the other in Chinese. The chinese data were collected from the chinese students enrolled in language schools in Suwon city in Korea, while Korean data were collected from students taking classes in a major university in Seoul. A total of 277 questionnaire were used for analysis of Korean data and 212 for Chinese data. The reason why Chinese students living in Korea rather than in China were selected was based on two factors: one was to neutralize the differences (ie, retail channel availability) that may arise from living in separate countries and the second was to minimize the difference in communication venues such as internet accessibility and cell phone usability. SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 7.0 were used for analysis. IV. Results: Prior to hypothesis verification, mean differences between the two countries in terms of major constructs were performed with the following result; As for network properties (tie strength, centrality and range), Koreans showed higher scores in all three constructs. For cultural orientation traits, Koreans scored higher only on uncertainty avoidance trait than Chinese. As a result of verifying the first research objective, confirming the relationship between network properties and WOM effectiveness, on Korean side, tie strength(Beta=.116; t=1.785) and centrality (Beta=.499; t=6.776) significantly influenced on WOM intention, and similar finding was obtained for Chinese side, with tie strength (Beta=.246; t=3.544) and centrality (Beta=.247; t=3.538) being significant. However, with regard to WOM argument quality, Korean data yielded only centrality (Beta=.82; t=7.600) having a significant impact on WOM, whereas China showed both tie strength(Beat=.142; t=2.052) and centrality(Beta=.348; t=5.031) being influential. To answer for the second research objective addressing the moderating role of cultural orientation, moderated regression anaylsis was performed and the result showed that uncertainty avoidance moderated between network range and WOM intention for both Korea and China, But for Korea, the uncertainty avoidance moderated between tie strength and WOM quality, while for China it moderated between network range and WOM intention. And innovativeness moderated between tie strength and WOM intention for Korea but it moderated between network range and WOM intention for China. As a result of analysing for third research objective, we found that for Korea, innovativeness positively influenced centrality only (Beta=.546; t=10.808), while for China it influenced both tie strength (Beta=.203; t=2.998) and centrality(Beta=.518; t=8.782). But for both countries alike, the innovativeness influenced positively on WOM (WOM intention and WOM quality). V. Implications: The study yields the two practical implications. Firstly, the result suggests that companies targeting multinational customers need to identify segments which are susceptible to the positive WOM and WOM information based on individual traits such as uncertainty avoidance and individualism and based on that, develop marketing communication strategy. Secondly, the companies need to divide the market on Roger's five innovation stages and based on this information, enforce marketing strategy which utilizes social networking tools such as public media and WOM. For instance, innovator and early adopters, if provided with new product information, will be able to capitalize upon the network advantages and thus add informational value to network operations using SNS or corporate blog.

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Anxiolytic effect of chronic ginseng treatment using elevated T-maze in mice

  • Mohan, M;Kasture, SB;Balaraman, R
    • Advances in Traditional Medicine
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.41-45
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    • 2007
  • The roots of the plant Korean ginseng have been extensively used in the traditional Chinese herbal medicine. The effects of chronic administration of Korean ginseng extract (KGE) were investigated on two different anxiety models: the elevated T-maze (for inhibitory avoidance and escape measurements) and the open field test (OFT). Diazepam (1 mg/kg), KGE (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg) were administered orally for 15 days. On the 14th day, mice were previously exposed for 30 min to one of the open arms of the T-maze, 24 h before the test. On 15th day, mice had two exposures to the enclosed and open arm of the elevated T-maze followed by exposure to the open field apparatus. The number of line crossings in the apparatus was used to assess locomotor changes. Cumulative Concentration Response Curve of 5-HT was plotted using rat fundus which were pre-treated in a similar way. Treatment with Diazepam (1 mg/kg) and KGE (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) impaired inhibitory avoidance performance but did not impair escape latency. In OFT, diazepam facilitated locomotion as compared to vehicle and other treatment groups. KGE at any of the selected doses did not impair locomotion. Concentration response curve of 5-HT was shifted towards the right with suppression of maxima in rats treated with KGE. The results suggest that KGE exerts anxiolytic like behaviour in a specific subset of defensive behaviour, particularly those related to generalized anxiety disorder.

Predictors of anxiety and depression in Korean adults during COVID-19 pandemic (COVID-19 팬데믹 시대 성인의 불안과 우울의 예측 요인)

  • Sohn, Jung Nam
    • The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.328-339
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the mental health status of Korean adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and to verify the predictors and mediating effects of avoidance coping on the relationship between the intolerance of uncertainty and anxiety and the intolerance of uncertainty and depression. Methods: An online survey was completed by 191 Korean adults from 19 to 64 years old. Using the IBM SPSS Win 19.0 program, the data were analyzed through the frequency, mean, t-test or analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient, linear regression analysis and Sobel test. Results: Of the survey respondents 21.5%, and 33.5% respectively were classified into anxiety and depression risk groups. The predictors of anxiety were intolerance of uncertainty (β=.52), avoidance coping (β=.21), and response efficacy (β=-.15). Those variables explained 47.7% of the respondents' anxiety. The predictors of depression were intolerance of uncertainty (β=.40), avoidance coping (β=.20), and response-efficacy (β=-.12). These variables explained 34.9% of the participants' depression. Among the predictors of anxiety and depression, avoidance coping was the significant mediating variable. Conclusion: The predictors of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic were revealed to be intolerance of uncertainty, avoidance coping, and response-efficacy. These results indicate the necessity of providing the cognitive interventions and reducing the use of avoidance coping strategies on a personal level. Community-level efforts, including early detection and health communication strategies, should prioritize risk groups for example young adults. The study suggests it will be necessary to provide sufficient information, psychological support and economic policy alternatives related to the COVID-19 pandemic on the national level.