• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.364-368
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• 2006

This experiment was carried out to figure out the $CO_2$ biomass and the growth response of Chinese cabbage and radish grown under the condition of high temperature and high $CO_2$ concentration to provide the information for the coming climatic change. Chinese cabbage and radish were cultivated in spring and autumn seasons under 4 treatments, 'ambient temp.+ambient $CO_2$ conc.', 'ambient temp.+elevated $CO_2$ conc.', 'elevated temp.+ ambient $CO_2$ conc.', and 'elevated temp. +elevated $CO_2$ conc.'. The 'elevated temp,' plot was maintained at 5 higher than 'ambient temp. (outside temperature)'and the 'elevated $CO_2$ cone.' plot was done in 650 ppm $CO_2$. The growth of spring-sown Chinese cabbage was worse than autumn-sown one, and was affected more by high temperature than high $CO_2$. concentration. The $CO_2$ biomass of Chinese cabbage was lower as 25.1-39.1 g/plant in spring-sown one than 54.8-63.4 g/plant of autumn-sown one. Daily $CO_2$2 fixation ability was not significantly different between spring- and autumn-sown Chinese cabbage as 1.9-2.9, 2.7-3.1 kg/10a/day, respectively. The $CO_2$ biomass of radish were 87.4-104.6 /plant in spring-sown one and 51.3$\sim$76.4 g/plant in autumn-sown one. Daily $CO_2$ fixation ability of radish were 6.2-10.1 kg/10a/day in spring-sown one and 4.6-6.9 kg/10a/day in autumn-sown one.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.234-234
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• 2017

Recent abnormal weather, especially continued rainfall during sowing season causes difficulty in proper sowing of wheat and delayed sowing after November 15 is concerned about freezing damage during winter, resulting in reduction of wheat yield. To correspond government policy of crop sufficiency improvement and produce and supply raw wheat and barley steadily, expansion of cultivation area is necessary and spring sowing of wheat is required. To obtain basic information on the improvement of spring sown wheat and barley production, comparison and path coefficients analysis was conducted for yield and yield related components from autumn and spring sown wheat and barley. Path analyses were known as very useful in clarifying the effects of yield components on grain yield formation, which were not accurately reflected in simple correlation anaylses. Most cultivated 5 wheat and 9 barley cultivars were sown on October and February at Cheon-ju province according to standard sowing method. For the spring sowing of wheat and barley, the varieties having vernalization degree I~III are seeded in the mid of February and seeding rate is 200~250kg/ha which is increased by 25% than autumn sowing. N-fertilizer of 95 kg/ha and the same amount of P, K dressed in autumn are applied at once as basal fertilizer. The magnitude of direct effect in each yield components on yield was in sequence as follows. In autumn wheat, grain number per $spike{\geq}$ the number of spike per $m^2$>1000-grain weight and in spring wheat, grain number per $ spike{\geq}the$ number of spike per $m^2$> 1000-grain weight. In autumn naked barley, 1000-grain weight> the number of spike per $m^2$, grain number per spike and in spring barely, the number of spike per $m^2$> grain number per spike > 1000-grain weight. In autumn covered barley, grain number per spike>the number of spike per $m^2$ and in spring coverd barley, the number of spike per $m^2$> grain number per spike, 1000-grain weight. In autumn malt barley, the number of spike per $m^2$>1000-grain weight and in spring malt barley, the direct effects of three yield components were similar. According to the path analysis of yield components for spring sown wheat and barley, it was suggested that adequate number of spike per $m^2$ was most important factor for yield increase.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.243-250
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• 2000

Selection of oat variety according to cultivation period is an important to increase productivity of forage crop. To investigate the growth characters and dry matter productivity of oats according to cultivation period, early-maturing oat(EM0) and medium-maturing oat(MM0) variety were sown in spring and autumn at central district of Korea. When oats were cultivated in spring, MMO variety was longer 8 cm in leaf length and wider 5 mm in leaf width than 25 cm and 12 mm of EM0 variety, rexpectively. but in autumn, those were not different between maturities of oat varieties. Plant length of MMO variety was longer 7 cm than that of EM0 Variety in spring cultivation, but in autumn, plant length of EM0 variety was longer 14 cm than that of MMO variety. Heading dates were 20th to 22th May in EM0 variety, and 30th May to 10th June in MMO variety in spring cultivation, and ear of EM0 variety emerged 30th Oct. to loth Nov. but that of MMO variety did not emerge at harvesting day in autumn cultivation. In Spring cultivation, dry matter(DM) yield of EM0 variety was 7,349 kg/ha that was less 56% than 11,466 kg/ha of MMO variety, but In Autumn, was more 15% than 6,575 kg/ha of MMO variety. In conclusion, selection of oat variety in spring and autumn cultivation can be different with cropping system of forage crop, and this trial is suggesting that oat variety could be sown MMO variety in spring and EM0 variety in autumn at central district of Korea. (Key words : Oat variety, Productivity, Cultivation season)

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.103-108
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• 2023

본 연구는 드론의 초분광장치를 이용하여 이탈리안 라이그라스 생육기간 중의 파종계절에 따른 식생지수 변화 및 생산성을 조사하였다. 수량성을 조사한 결과, 봄파종구의 건물수량이 가을파종구의 약 52%였으며 초장은 유의적으로 차이가 없었다. 식생지수를 산정하여 연속적인 패턴을 분석한 결과, 가을파종구의 대부분 식생지수가 시간이 지날수록 낮아지며, 봄파종구는 높아지는 유형을 보였으나 RGRI는 반대의 유형을 나타냈다. 재배기간에 따른 가을파종구의 건물수량과 RGRI의 상관성이 높았다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2011

귀리는 단기 다수성 작물로서 잎의 비율이 높을 뿐만 아니라 가축의 기호성도 양호하며 다른 총체맥류에 비하여 파종시기의 선택폭이 넓다. 따라서 본 시험은 내한성이 강하여 중부 지방에서도 월동이 가능한 귀리 3품종과 옥수수 뒷그루 재배에 알맞은 3품종에 대하여 10월 중순 가을 파종과 3월 상순 봄 파종시 생육, 수량 및 사료가치를 비교하고자 실시하였다. 출수기는 봄 파종시 가을 파종에 비하여 평균 12일 늦었고, 품종간에는 약 8일의 차이가 있었다. 봄 파종은 가을 파종에 비하여 이삭과 잎의 비율이 감소하고 줄기가 차지하는 비율이 증가되는 경향이었다. 품종별로는 동한귀리가 다른 품종에 비하여 이삭의 비율이 높고 줄기의 비율이 낮은 경향이었다. ADF 함량은 봄파종에서 높았고, NDF 함량과 가소화 건물 함량은 가을파종에서 높았다. 가소화 건물함량은 가을 파종시 동한귀리와 스완에서, 봄 파종에서는 삼한귀리가 높았다. 삼한, 동한, 조한귀리 3품종의 생초수량이 가을 파종이 봄 파종에 비하여 높았으나 건물수량은 비슷한 경향이었다. 스완, 다크호스, 하이스피드는 봄 파종이 가을 파종에 비하여 생초수량 및 건물수량이 월등히 높았다. 품종별로는 가을 파종과 봄 파종 모두 동한귀리가 건물수량과 가소화 건물수량이 높았는데, 이는 상대적으로 많은 이삭수의 확보와 이삭이 차지하는 비율이 높았기 때문이었다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2006

본 시험은 2002년 9월부터 2004년 12월까지 충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 내 부속 초지시험포장에서 옥수수 후작물로 적합한 추파용 사료작물의 재배 가능성을 탐색하고자 시험하였다. 공시초종으로 청예용 호밀(Koolgrazer), 보리(Daeyeon Bori) 및 밀(Geumgang Mill)을 주구로 배치하였으며, 수잉기, 출수기, 유숙기 및 황숙기를 세구로 하여 분할구배치법 3반복으로 수행하였다. 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 2년 평균 ha당 건물수량은 호밀이 11,283kg으로 가장 높았고, 다음이 밀(10,759kg)과 보리(10,494kg) 순으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 건물수량은 모든 초종에서 수확시기가 진행될수록 증가하는 양상이 뚜렷하였다.(p<0.01). CP 함량은 초종간에 차이를 보여 청예용 밀이 13.9%으로 보리(13.7%)나 호밀(12.2%)에 비하여 높은 결과를 보였다(p<0.01). NDF, cellulose 및 lignin과 같은 섬유소 물질의 함량은 호밀이 높은 반면에 보리가 가장 낮았으며, 밀은 중간으로 나타내었다(p<0.01). CPDM수량은 밀이 호밀이나 보리보다 높았다(p<0.01). 건물소화율(in vitro dry matter digestibility, IVDMD)은 보리가 77.0%으로 밀(76.1%)이나 호밀(70.2%) 보다 높은 결과를 보였으나(p<0.01), DDM수량은 밀이 호밀이나 보리보다 높은 결과를 보였다(p<0.01). 그러나, 대전지역에서 추파용 보리나 밀은 유숙기나 황숙기 때의 건물수량과 품질은 높은 편이었지만 수확시기가 상당히 늦어 옥수수의 후작물로 재배하기에는 어려움이 크다고 하겠다. 따라서, 대전지역 적합한 추파용 사료작물은 지금과 같이 청예용 호밀을 수잉기-출수기에 수확하여 이용하는 것이 좋을 것으로 판단된다. 그러나, 대전지역에서 추파용 보리나 밀의 이용은 조숙 다수확품종의 보급이 선행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.96-102
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• 1989

This field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of grazing and cutting management on the forage production and botanical composition at different legumes sown swards of the experimental field of Livestock Experiment Station. in Suweon, from Aug. 1985 to Oct. 1988. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Dry matter yield of cutting management (1213.0 kg/lOa) was higher by 19% than that of grazing management (1016.8 kg/lOa). Yield of pasture mixtures including alfalfa both cutting and grazing were higher than those including ladino clover and red clover. Yield under grazing was inferior to cutting in the first year but superior in the second year. 2. Seasonal dry matter production under grazing showed 5 1% in spring, 33% in summer and 16% in autumn, but under cutting showed 46% in spring, 42% in summer and 12% in autumn. 3. Daily dry matter production per 10a under grazing is decreased 5.9 kg in spring, 5.5 kg in summer and 3.7 kg in autumn. But under cutting is decreased 8.7 kg in summer, 6.6 kg in spring and 3.4 kg in autumn. 4. Botanical compositions of mixtures swards involving ladino clover and red clover were not influenced by method of defoliation. But mixtures swards including alfalfa were highly influenced by method of defoliation. Alfalfa ratio at the time of final utilization under grazing was about 30%, but under cutting was about 70-80%.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2001

Ruminal degradation characteristics of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and crude protein (CP) in fresh leaves of two Japanese native grasses (Zoysia japonica and Miscanthus sinensis) and one sown temperate grass (Dactylis glomerata) were investigated by an in sacco method in spring (mid-May), summer (mid-July) and autumn (mid-September). Japanese native grasses had higher NDF and lower CP concentrations than D. glomerata, and the CP concentration in native grasses decreased in autumn. Ruminal degradability of DM, NDF and CP was lower in native grasses than in D. glomerata (p<0.05) in all seasons. DM and NDF degradability decreased in summer for Z. japonica and D. glomerata, while it decreased in autumn for M. sinensis. CP degradability in Z. japonica was constant throughout the seasons, whereas that in M. sinensis greatly decreased in summer and autumn (p<0.05). It was concluded that Z. japonica could stably supply ruminally digestible nutrients for grazing animals in Japanese native pasture. However, the degradation characteristics of freshly chopped native grasses did not fit the exponential model of $D=a+b(1-e^{-ct})$ proposed by Ørskov and McDonald.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 1987

Information is needed on the plant characteristics affects by forage removal and their relationships to grain yield of italian ryegrass in order to combine herbage seed crop management and livestock farming. This study with tetraploid cv. Tetrone was carried out on the experimental field of Haenam Branch Station. treatments included two different seeding time, cutting time and frequency. Seeds were sown in row 50 cm width within the rows. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Fresh and dry matter were increased significantly in plots defoliated lately and many times but seed yield components were decreased significantly in plots defoliated in spring. 2. Autumn defoliation had no significant effect on the seed yield but seed yield were decreased significantly in plots defoliated later than 8 April. 3. Excess vegetative growth can be removed in autumn and early spring without harm to the seed crop and the most important aspect of its removal is the timing of the operation. 4. Seed yield reductions were accompanied by the decrease of inflorescences,seeds/spike, and thousand seeds weight, due to an increase in apex removal of vigorous tillers by late cutting.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.439-449
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• 2019

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effects of different sowing dates on growth characteristics, seed productivity and feed value of triticale in Gyeongbuk province. The experiment was conducted from September 2015 to July 2017, using triticale "Joseong" cultivar of 150 kg of seed/ha and sown at 10 days intervals from different sowing dates ($30^{th}$ September, $10^{th}$, $20^{th}$ and $30^{th}$ October) in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The emergence date in the autumn season was 8 - 18 days after sowing in 2015 and 2016. The heading, flowering and maturing periods were the fastest on $30^{th}$ September compared to the other sowing dates. The average number of stem and panicle per unit area were 409.3 - 428.5 and 330.9 - 334.0 on $30^{th}$ September and $10^{th}$ October, which were higher than those sown on $20^{th}$ and $30^{th}$ October, 2015 and 2016, respectively (p < 0.05), and the average number of grain and kernel weight was 47.1 - 48.1 and 2.2 - 2.3 g on $30^{th}$ September and $10^{th}$ October, which were higher than the late sowing dates. In case of seed yield as affected by different sowing dates, the highest yield was found on the sowing plot of late September and $10^{th}$ October, which were 5,680 and 5,918 kg/ha, respectively (p < 0.05). However, the average CP content was 10.7%, CF content was 2.8% and TDN content was 85.3. In conclusion, $30^{th}$ September and $10^{th}$ October were the appropriate sowing dates for a forage self-sufficiency system in Gyeongbuk.