• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.481-489
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the actual disaster response and suggest improvement measures for introduction of an autonomous police system Method: This study suggests the improvement measures by reviewing police disaster response manual, related statistical data, and statutes comprehensively Result: The introduction of autonomous police system enabled effective management of police based on circumstances of each region. However, there are still doubts on police response against situations that require large number of personnel. According to analysis on roles of autonomous police during the mass disasters, the autonomous police controlled disaster site to prevent secondary damage, prevented additional disaster damages, and rescued people. However, it is hard for the autonomous police to respond against the mass disasters due to its structure. Conclusion: To improve the response of autonomous police against mass disasters, this study suggested on disaster scene control and secondary damage prevention by the police, cooperative disaster response with regional autonomous police, and utilization of control tower.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.14
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• pp.485-516
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• 2007

Jeju Special Self-Government Province adopted an autonomous police system for the first time since 60 years in Korean police. The purpose of autonomous police system is to offer a police service to be suitable in regional conditions. But Jeju autonomous police system for nearly one year after adoption is criticized to be established on the ground of political reason but not local decentralization. Actually Jeju autonomous police has not a clear cut jurisdiction and operation scope because of the jurisdiction duplication between national and autonomous police. The original task is confined on environment and sightseeing so on given to administration police for local self-government. So criminal investigation authority on general crimes is not to Jeuju autonomous police on account of special judicial police. First, it is the structural rationalization of Jeju autonomous police system. It speaks that Jeju provincial police bureau and police station have to be as national police institution, on the other hand, patrol district station and police box have to be as autonomous police institution. Of course, functional division has to be followed. National police performs managing all the assembly and demonstration by the management law on assembly and demonstration including the suppression against any large scale demonstration and disturbance, also the investigation on serious crimes just as international crimes and broaden area crimes including all the felony. Together national police performs the duty concerned to all the foreign affairs and national securities in along with the investigation on traffic accidents. On the other hand, autonomous police performs the function for citizen's life safety as crime prevention and the enforcement on the violation against police operation law, together the traffic management and the regulation on traffic violations. and the investigation on minor crime as simple violence or petty larceny including the management on local big events. Second, the budgetary of autonomous police is rationalized by the share of budgeting between Korean government and Jeju special self-government province. Third, urgent arrest authority on general crime and the rights of claims for the summary trial on minor crimes are given to autonomous police. Of course, this problem is resolved naturally in case of giving the investigation rights to autonomous police on minor crimes.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.573-580
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to establish the Police Reform Committee on May 10, 2017, with the aim of enforcing the nationwide autonomous police system in 2020. In addition, the government is promoting reforms of autonomous police and investigative structures, On April 5, 2018, a special committee of autonomous police system consisting of academics, civic groups, and legal professors was established. In 1991, the local council was established in Korea. In 1995, the local autonomous government era was launched with the election of local autonomous governors, but the field of security did not bring decentralization. This study suggests direction of organization and manpower management, personnel management and distribution, financial management, and political neutrality in order to introduce autonomous police system considering regional characteristics. Also, it should be promoted in the direction of maximizing the advantages of the decentralization system and national police without causing civil unrest and social disorder caused by the introduction of the rapid system. Self-governing police should reflect on the trend of autonomous decentralization in order to secure the Republic of Korea with a more secure policing policy, along with organic cooperation and mutual competition system with the national police.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.10
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• pp.355-385
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• 2005

As the system of autonomous police that has been debated for long time is fixed to be introduced by the program of participatory government, this treatise intends to analyze main contents and review controversial items in order to present supplementary measures. The program of participatory government to introduce autonomous police in Korea focuses on converting the autonomous police of Korea from centralized police administration in order to provide 'customized security service' that is appropriate to the regional environment. Thus, if relevant city, county or district considers that it is required to introduce the system autonomous police, the assembly may enforce the decision by enacting ordinance. For enforcement, organization in the unit of section will be established in the line of mayor, county headman and district office. The main role will be security service that is closely related to the life of inhabitants such as crime prevention, patrol, traffic crackdown, etc. as well as public health, sanitation and environmental control which are being performed by autonomous organization at present. However some expected controversial items may be summarized in the following 3 points on the premise of accepting the program of government. First, the point at issue related to the basic function of police. The basic function of police is generally understood as order keeping function such as anterior and preventive job and law enforcing function such as posterior and suppressing job. By the way, the program of government does not endow the autonomous police with investigation right for general crime, thereby raising the controversy that our autonomous police is nothing but the assistant of police. Furthermore, the present national police also expresses its dissatisfaction to the transfer of authority. Second, the issue of balance of security service between self-governing bodies may be raised. The security environment is different between self-governing bodies and thus demand of security is different. Therefore, the security service of autonomous police will reveal difference in qualitative aspect for each self-governing body. Moreover, it can be easily anticipated that the quality of security service may be different as per the financial independence degree. Third, the point at issue anticipated with the operation funded by the budget of self-governing body. As autonomous police is operated by the budget of self-governing body, the following problems may be raised; (1) since police administration is subordinated to general administration, the concentration may be weakened (2) the cooperation between policy agencies may be impeded (3) owing to the difficult in possessing spare police, the mobility of police may be somewhat reduced.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.20
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• pp.119-140
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• 2009

It seems that security police's business to secure safety of state and citizens has existed since the mankind began to create a community. State was not fully responsible for such security business from the beginning. The business was carried out autonomously by the private sector for a long period. However, as the state system had been strengthened, the public sector absorbed the function. But in the modern society where various risks exist, safety of society could not be guaranteed only by public police. Accordingly, cooperation with the private sector is indispensable. In the limit of public police, autonomous organization of security companies and general citizens is expanding its scope. As a result, they should exercise partnership as a tripod to build social safety net. Security police failed to secure manpower exclusively responsible for security, despite various businesses and excessive mobilization. Accordingly, their professionalism and ability to cope with crisis are being questioned. In particular, efficiency of security police is becoming a more urgent issue in an era of international terrorism. Private sector can be classified into security companies and private autonomous organization. In case of security companies, the problem is quality and business ability of guards compared to a rapid external growth such as quantitative expansion and advancement into various businesses. In terms of pure private activity, the necessity of understanding of public police activity and conditions for organizational and continuous activity should be prepared. To tide over such problems and effectively achieve the common goal, changes in the method of employment, new establishment of security police department, and strengthening of professionalism and crisis management ability are necessary in the public police sector. In case of security companies, improvement of relations with public police through joint education, strengthening of business ability and activation of business cooperation through these matters are necessary. To maximize activity of pure private sector, it needs to establish reserve police, manage such private autonomous organization and bolster publicity with citizens.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.1294-1299
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• 2018

'SMART Police' means collecting, analyzing and utilizing the police database such as crime statistics, reflecting 'strategic management', 'analysis and research', 'science technology' do. In recent years, the number of sex offenses has more than doubled based on the 'crime analysis' of the Supreme Prosecutors' In this trend, we started to build a sex crime prevention program for women 's relief special 3.0 which is suitable for regional characteristics. However, it was not enough for the women to have low publicity and utilization results, and to show the practical effect. In the future, we propose a crime prevention system which can safely take home safeguarding with autonomous driving car or drone by applying ICT to the future police system. Although it is difficult to operate autonomous vehicles and drones in the surrounding environment such as narrow alleys and power lines for application to this system, it is thought that the artificial intelligence technology can be sufficiently overcome to operate.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.264-283
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• 2023

Unlike conventional vehicle traffic accidents, autonomous vehicles traffic accidents can be caused by various factors, including technical problems, the environment, and driver interaction. With the future advances in autonomous driving technology, new issues are expected to emerge in addition to the existing accident causes, and various scenario-based approaches are needed to respond to them. This study developed autonomous vehicle traffic accident scenarios by collecting autonomous driving accident reports, CA DMV collision reports, autonomous driving mode disengagement reports, and autonomous driving actual accident videos. The scenarios were derived based on the functional safety system failure modes of ISO 26262 and attempted to reflect the various issues of autonomous driving functions. The autonomous vehicle scenarios derived through this study are expected to play an essential role in preventing and preparing for various autonomous vehicle traffic accidents in the future and improving the safety of autonomous driving technology.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.28
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• pp.207-228
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• 2011

In the situation that crime is diversified qualitatively and quantitatively, the mutual cooperation system between police and private security is very important to cope with the change of policing environment properly. The primary purpose of this study is to suggest the method to improve the policing service quality of police and advance sound security industry by analyzing the case of close mutual cooperation system between police and private security of USA, which can be called the best country in the field of private security. When considering the cases of USA synthetically, we can know that as the most basic characteristic, the discussion over actual cooperation method is performed on the basis of positive recognition over mutual existence of police or private security. It means that the mutual relationship is based on the basic recognition over partner relationship to meet citizen's desire for safety. While reviewing the cases of USA, Korea shall refer to the fact that social safety activities of advanced countries display effects because of many factors such as various mutual cooperation programs between police and private security, efforts of local government, high quality of private security, reliance of citizen and general understanding of police, private security and citizen to solve crime problem. As shown in the review of USA cases, when considering the fact that the mutual cooperation between police and private security is performed in the level of autonomous police, Korea shall perform autonomous police system to provide better policing service, which is close to citizen.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2019

This study was conducted to examine effects of community gardening on job stress and job satisfaction experienced by public officials in general administration working in a 24-hour shift. The subjects were public officials at the Center for Missing Children in the Department of Women and Adolescents at the National Police Agency. The center receives initial reports of disappearance of missing children, the elderly with dementia, and people with intellectual disabilities, sends out the report to each police station, and clears the report after the missing individual is found. Twelve public officials working at the center in a double shift (full day off after a night shift, four-day interval) were grouped into four teams and total 11 of them participated in the experiment. They engaged in autonomous community gardening activities such as sowing seeds, cultivating plants, harvesting, or cooking in the workplace for five weeks from August 19 to September 22, 2018. The findings were as follows. After five weeks of autonomous gardening activities, job stress of the subjects decreased significantly. Their mean scores of job satisfaction and organizational commitment under organizational effectiveness showed a significant increase after the activities. Finally, there were significant differences in their self-esteem after participating in the gardening activities in the workplace. These results suggest that gardening activities in the workplace can help to manage job stress and quality of work life for shift workers.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.281-290
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• 2019

With the goal of enforcing a municipal police system in a national scale starting from 2021, the proposal for introducing municipal police system is promoted and the private security is spotlighted as the measure for supplementing the issues for municipal police system. To solve this issue, the method of promoting and actively utilizing the private security which served as an assistant for security service into the cooperator for security service is suggested as a practical method. To analyze how police's favorable attitude toward introduction of municipal police system influence on the favorable trust toward private security system, this study conducted a survey on front line police officers and analyzed the collected data through statistical technique. As a result, the police officers favorable to introduction of municipal police system also showed positive attitude toward private security and machine security. However, the survey didn't provide significant result on labor expense. In order for the private security service to be accepted as the cooperator for security service, it is necessary to solve the labor expense issue and strengthen trust on machine security.