• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.227-235
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• 2003

In August 1998, during the resumed fourth session of the Authority, the delegation of the Russian Federation reminded the Assembly that, in addition to polymetallic nodules, other mineral resources existed in the Area, including polymetallic sulphides and cobalt crusts, and requested the Authority to adopt rules, regulations and procedures for exploration for such resources. Pursuant to article 162, para. 2(o)(ii), of the 1982 UNCLOS, such rules, regulations and procedures are to be adopted within three years of the date of such a request. This article reviewed the 'Draft Rules and Regulations for the Exploration and Exploitation of Sea-Floor Massive Sulphides and Cobat-rich Ferromanganese Crusts in the Area' by ISA in 2001, and the 'Madang Guideline for Offshore Mineral Policy' written in 1999 in respect of the international trends of polymetallic sulphides and cobalt crusts. Issues for size of mining area and relinquishment, application of the site-banking system, procedure for dealing with overlapping claims and precautionary approach etc. for the establishment of the norm of polymetallic sulphides and cobalt crusts are reviewed as consideration factors.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.78-88
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• 2007

This paper is to investigate the relationship between international marketing and service quality, and the moderating effect of gender in that relationship. The data to make an empirical analysis were gathered from 269 workers in telecommunication sector. Multiple regression analysis revealed that (1) education was positively related with tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, empathy, assurance, and (2) internal communication was positively related with tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and (3) delegation of authority was positively related with assurance. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that (4) compensation was more positively related with reliability in woman, and (5) employment security was more positively related with assurance in man.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.439-443
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• 2007

This paper is to investigate the relationship between international marketing and service quality, and the moderating effect of gender in that relationship. The data to make an empirical analysis were gathered from 269 workers in telecommunication sector. Multiple regression analysis revealed that (1) education was positively related with tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, empathy, assurance, and (2) internal communication was positively related with tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and (3) delegation of authority was positively related with assurance. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that (4) compensation was more positively related with reliability in woman, and (5) employment security was more positively related with assurance in man.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.115-128
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• 1983

Ship technology has advanced in many diverse directions in recent years, a trend that can be expected to continue. The effect of this both on the physical equipment now being usedand under construction and on the attitude of mind of many of those responsible for its operation is profound. The technological changes in shipping have brought about an increasing trend towrard more delegation of authority from shoreside to ship management. With increased shipboard responsibility the shipping industry would benefit from seeming that more of the management subjects were learned by nautical students. It is clear advantage that companies should draw into their general management structure men with seafaring experience. At the same time the the boards of shipping companies should include more men with high technological qualificatiions and experience.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.375-376
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• 2023

In this study, the legal and institutional status of construction supervising and construction inspector was identified. As a result of examining the definitions of construction supervision terms, focusing on domestic construction-related laws, it was found that there were no consistency between each laws regarding 'terminology' and 'definitions'. In addition, the scope of construction inspector's work continues to expand through the delegation provisions to lower statutes, however, responsibility, authority, and inspection cost are not taken into account properly. In addition in order to introduce digital technology to the smart construction site, which is currently active under way, it is judged that the law and institutional contents need to be improved further.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.71-79
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• 2019

The demand of smart cars is increasing rapidly. International stand organize such as 3GPP and 5GAA are proposing standard communication protocvols for connected-car, and automotive network infrastructure. But Smart car network have many security threats and more dangerous against the existed wire communication network. Typically, peripheral devices of a smart car may disguise their identity and steal location information and personal information about the vehicle. In addition, the infrastructure elements around smart cars can conspire and put driving cars in danger, threatening lives. This is a very serious security threat. Therefore, in order to solve these problems, we proposed a system that is secure from collusion and tampering attacks using attribute-based authorize delegation method and threshold encryption algorithms. We have demonstrated using a semantic safety model that the proposed system can be safe from collusion attack.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.795-802
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• 2017

If the function of the national infrastructure is suspended due to natural disasters and social disasters, the damage of the national infrastructure can be a serious threat to the national security as well as the life, body and property damage of the people. In this paper, we examine the domestic and overseas trends of the national system protection system and examine the domestic and overseas trends of the national system protection system. The detailed function of the essential function continuity, essential function, succession order, authority delegation, continuity facility, continuity communication, We examined the specific issues related to testing, education and training, transferring control and directing authority, analyzing the system related to the national infrastructure protection plan, and examined the specific problems and suggested an effective improvement plan for the critical infrastructure protection system.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.221-235
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• 2023

Purpose : Delegating authority to employees exerts a positive effect on the efficient operation and service of a company. In particular, investigating how the delegation of authority granted to social workers, who have a greater workload compared with those of other occupations, influences job satisfaction and commitment to the organization is meaningful. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of the empowerment of social workers on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Methods : Toward this end, surveys were distributed to social workers employed at social welfare facilities in Daegu metropolitan city. Prior to the study, the researcher visited the institutions in which the social workers were working, explained the content in person, and conducted the self-administered survey accompanied by two research assistants who received prior training. Out of the 233 collected responses, those with unreliable responses and missing data were excluded, which left a sample of 224 for analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Results : First, social workers who were older, had higher positions, and with longer years of service exhibited higher levels of empowerment in terms of differences in empowerment according to general characteristics. Second, for job satisfaction and organizational commitment according to general characteristics, the longer the period of employment, the higher the level of job satisfaction. Third, empowerment exerted an effect on job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and a positive correlation was found. Conclusion : The empowerment of social workers exerted a positive effect on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Therefore, to improve service quality and the efficient operation of social welfare organizations in this practice, improving the empowerment of social workers is necessary by providing appropriate treatments, improving working environments, and providing appropriate discretion and decision-making authorities that are considered necessary for work performance.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.117-131
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• 2014

As interests in the management of government-owned corporation rise, in these days, debt reduction and normalization of management of those companies have been proceeding under the lead of government. At this point, it is very important to seek internal marketing method for improvement of internal employees' satisfaction, loyalty and organization performance. This study analyzes impact of factors of internal marketing effect on organization satisfaction, loyalty and organization performance in the context of the domestic public companies, the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) and the Korea Water Resources Corporation (K-WATER)'s employees empirically. There are some significant differences between the two publics. It is proved that delegation of the authority influences on internal satisfaction and organization performance in the case of KEPCO, and education and training influence on internal satisfaction and organization performance in the case of K-WATER. On the other hand, in the case of K-WATER, any internal marketing factors don't influence on loyalty. The results of this study show somewhat different characteristics depending on the characteristics of firm, however, it is expected that this study can be very useful in regards to similar public enterprises or businesses.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.83-88
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• 2016

In this research aimed to deduce internal marketing factors, purpose, and their practical application by analyzing preceding researches on internal marketing of Korean medical service organization and investigating the recent trend of its research. Subjects of research are ten preceding researches that have been published in KCI records for the last five years from 2011 to 2016. Summarize result of researches, first, internal factors that were most frequently used were internal communication, compensation system, and education and training, which were used by 8(.8). Second, occupations that had most interest in the internal marketing research appeared to be nursing(.9) and administration(.3). Third, the practical application of the internal marketing appeared to be job satisfaction(.8), followed by customer orientation(.6), and organizational commitment(.4). Suggestion do, necessary to develop subordinate factors regarding the realistic internal marketing, such as both-sided internal communication enhancement, education and training, compensation system differentiated by individuals and teams, fairness in performance rating, work environment improvement, delegation of authority, career development, shared organizational vision in order to maximize job satisfaction, job commitment, and organizational commitment of employees as internal customers, before establishing strategies to satisfy patients and guardians who are external customers.