• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.14-18
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• 2019

반도체의 전도성은 주로 케리어에 의해서 결정된다. 전도성이 높아지려면 케리어의 수가 많고 에너지 내의 트랩 준위를 만들어서 케리어들이 낮은 에너지로도 금지대역을 넘어설수 있도록 하는 도핑기법을 주로 사용한다. 케리어들은 결정질 결합구조를 갖으며, 계면불일치에 의하여 전도성이 떨어지는 경향도 있지만 대체적으로 고농도 도핑은 이동도를 높이는 대표적인 방법에 속한다. 하지만 비정질 결합구조에서도 전도성이 높아지는 현상이 나타나며, 본 연구에서는 트래핑현상과는 다른 터널링 현상에 의한 공간전하제한 전류가 흐르면서 전도성이 향상되고 이동도가 높아지는 현상에 대하여 관찰하였다. 비정질구조에서는 케리어수가 낮고 저항이 높아지며, 커패시턴스의 on/off 특성이 향상되면서 이동도가 높아지는 것을 확인하였다. ZTO 박막은 150도에서 열처리한 경우 커패시턴스의 on/off 특성이 향상되었으며, 충전과 방전하는 실험에서는, 충전과 방전되는 형상에 있어서 시간차이가 있었으며, n형과 p형의 구분이 없었으며, 공핍층과 같은 비정질 결합구조를 보여주었다. 비정질 결합구조는 전위장벽으로 볼 수 있으며, 전위장벽은 공간전하제한전류가 흐르게 되는 원천이기도 하며, 터널링현상에 의한 전도현상이 나타나는 원인이 된다. 따라서 비정질구조에서 이동도가 증가하는 현상이 나타났으며, 케리어가 희박함에도 불구하고 전도성이 증가하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2006년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.283-290
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• 2006

Cable-stayed bridge is a bridge that consists of one or more pylons, with cables supporting the deck. Cable-stayed bridges have come into wide use recently because of their economy, stability, and excellent appearance. It is possible to achieve a uniform moment distribution in the stiffening girders mainly by prestressing the cables, which leads to a more economical design in material and weight than other types of bridges. However, to achieve a more uniform moment distribution is vague objective, so it cannot be easily defined as the optimization problem. In other words, the minimization of cost or weight as the objective is not directly related to the optimization of cable prestressing. Therefore, it has been considered as one of the most important, difficult and also interesting topics among many researchers and bridge engineers to determine the optimal tensioning strategy how to apply prestressing forces of the cables of cable-stayed bridge. A number of approaches (Wang et al. 1993, $Negr\~{a}o\;and\;Sim\~{o}es$ 1997, Agrawal 1997, Janjic et al. 2003) to determine the optimal cable tensions have been proposed in the literature. Among these approaches the unit load method (Janjic et al. 2003) is considered in this paper because it can take into account the actual construction process while other approaches are based on the configuration of the final structure only. In this paper, '2-step approach' based on the unit load method is proposed to find the optimal tensioning strategy especially for the atypical asymmetric bridge under construction, which has continuous deck supported by one pylon and stay cables. Some numerical results will be given to show the validity of the new approach suggested in this paper.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.489-492
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• 2009

Purpose: Autologous fat injection is ideal for patients who wish to add contour, projection and gross volumization of the aging, atrophic face and is claimed to be a safe procedure. However, there are several case reports in the literature where patients have suffered from acute visual loss and cerebral infarction after facial fat injection. This paper will explore a rare case of vessel related complication, an arteriovenous fistula that occurs after fat injection on forehead. Method: A 28 - year - old female who showed a non - tender, soft $1.0{\times}2.5cm$ sized mass on forehead for 3 weeks. A thrill could be detected on the totuous dilatated vessel - like structure around the mass. She had a fat injection on forehead for soft tissue augmentation 3 months prior to developing the mass. 3 - dimensional brain CT angiography showed arteriovenous fistula. Results: The fistula is totally excised with ligation of feeding vessels. Pathology report showed an atypical vessel which had intimal thickening, myxoid degeneration and thrombus formation. There were no evidences of recurrence at least for 2 months of follow - up. Conclusion: An occurrence of arteriovenous fistula after autologous fat injection is very rare. After perforation of artery and vein by coincidence, blood extravasates with the formation of a hematoma capsule and a pseudocapsule around it. The hematoma capsule would expand and clot would reabsorb resulting in a cavity leading to fistula formation. Other vessel related complications like acute visual loss or cerebral infarction are very severe. Therefore, surgeons should be cautious during facial fat injection to avoid vessel injuries.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.174-182
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• 1979

This is a report on four cases of successful surgical correction of coarctation of the aorta [COA] in Department of the Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital. The first case was a postductal type of coarctation of the aorta associated with Patent ductus arteriosus [PDA], Persistent left superior vena cava [LSVC] and richly developed collateral circulation. Blood pressure was measured to be hypertensive at the arm, but hypotensive at the legs. The coarctation of the aorta was corrected with following procedure: Partial resection of the aortic wall with diaphragmatic structure lust above and below the coarctating line of the aorta, and then the defect of the aortic wall was closed by lateral aortographic suture. PDA was closed by ligation procedure. The second case a preductal type of coarctation of the aorta associated with PDA, LSVC, ventricular septal defect [VSD] and poorly developed collateral circulation. Normal blood pressure was measured at the arm, but hypotension was observed at the legs. Correction of coarctation of the aorta was performed under the establishment of tube bypass because of poor collateral circulation. After resection of coarctating short segment, end to end anastomosis was performed without any tension. PDA was closed by division procedure. Simple suture closure of VSD was performed by open heart surgery two weeks after correction of COA. The third case was a long segment COA without any other anomaly. Blood pressure was measured to be hypertensive at the arm, but hypotensive at the legs. Vascular prosthesis was performed using Teflon graft tube after resecting coarctating long segment [6.5 cm] of the aorta. The fourth case was a long segment COA associated with aortic insufficiency and richly developed collateral circulation. Normal blood pressure was measured at the arm, but hypotension was observed at the legs. Vascular prosthesis was performed using Teflon graft tube after resecting coarctating long segment [6.0 cm] of the aorta. Both blood pressure and peripheral pulse on the arm and the legs returned to normal postoperatively in all patients.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.395-399
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• 2008

측두하악장애 증상으로 나타나는 구강안면부의 통증 및 개구제한 증상은 대부분 관련 구조물 자체의 구조적이거나 기능적인 변화에 의해 유발되지만, 드물게 다른 병적인 상태로 인하여 발생할 수도 있으므로 진단 및 치료에 있어서 주의가 요구된다. 특히 통증 양상 및 임상 소견, 전신적 동반 증상, 치료에 대한 반응 등에 대한 평가에서 두경부 종양과 같이 다른 질환에 의한 측두하악장애 증상이 의심되거나 일반적인 측두하악장애와 다른 소견이 나타나는 경우에는 전산화단층촬영 또는 자기공명영상 등의 부가적인 방사선학적 검사를 적극적으로 시행하여 부가적인 정보를 얻는 것이 필요하다. 본 증례에서는 측두하악장애 증상으로 내원하였던 비인두암종 환자의 진단 및 치료 과정을 통해, 측두하악장애의 진단 및 치료에 있어서 비인두암종 등 두경부 종양의 가능성을 고려해야 할 임상적 소견에 대해 고찰하고자 한다.

• 조형예술학연구
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• 제4권
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• pp.91-122
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• 2002

`Bio morphism` are constituted in paintings where the artists try to embody the elementary properties of living creature as of growth and durability. They are the most appropriate concept of painting to harmonize human being with nature closely. The formative ways of them attach great importance to both unconsciousness and desire , as well as variations or dynamics, by noticing a flow of natural senses and feelings of human being. In other words, the formative ways are based on a recognition of nature as the intrinsic force of life, with the result that aesthetics of incompleteness is embodied in images. Therefore they are clearly distinguished from that of functional, geometric images. A tendency of painting at that time, in a word, 'return to figure and expression', means a conversion into organic images like the incomplete, atypical, and biomorphic forms, while denying the mechanical or geometric. Elizabeth Murray are analyzed, for these works are remarkable in the characteristics of 'Bio morphism'. Consequently the features of organic images, that is, 'the formative acceptance of natural figures, or an informality' and 'the force of free will, or an incompleteness', could obviously be revealed. It is a type that obtains a motif out of natural figures like an animal, a plant, or the concrete figures of human being. In conclusion, this thesis is focused on not only emphasizing that 'Bio morphism' were a major tendency among the various trends of postmodern painting in the 20th century, but also analysing both the painterly formation of organic images and the structure of them. In addition to these points, it is a central aim to evoke that Bio morphism should accurately be evaluated and positioned in postmodern painting. A new recognition of 'Bio morphism' is a peculiarity of the times that reflects a cultural aspect of the present, hence it should be recognized as another way to approach the postmodern painting.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1437-1444
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• 2020

컴퓨터 비전 시스템의 발달로 보안, 생체인식, 의료영상, 자율주행 등의 분야에 많은 발전이 있었다. 자율주행 분야에서는 특히 딥러닝을 이용한 객체인식, 탐지 기법이 주로 사용되는데, 자동차가 갈 수 있는 영역을 판단하기 위한 도로영역 인식이 특히 중요한 문제이다. 도로 영역은 일반적인 객체탐지에서 활용되는 사각영역인식과는 달리 비정형적인 형태를 띠므로, ROI 기반의 객체인식 구조는 적용할 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 Semantic segmentation 기법을 사용한 비정형적인 도로영역 인식에 맞는 심층 신경망 구조를 제안한다. 또한 도로영역에 특화된 네트워크 구조인 Multi-scale semantic segmentation 기법을 사용하여 성능이 개선됨을 입증하였다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2022

The purpose of this thesis is to understand the shape of The Sijeon (Licensed-Markets) established around the Jongno and Namdaemun-ro Avenues in Hanyang during the Joseon Dynasty in the 19th and 20th centuries and then to examine the relationship with the urban structures of Hanyang City. By investigating the excavation results of the Cheongjin and Gongpyeong areas, drawings, photos, and documentary records related to the city, this study classified the building types in the Jonggak area. As a result, since the 19th century, the basic form of Sijeon with 2 Gan(間, bay) in the front facade and 3 Gan(間) on the side, in other words, 5M in the front and 8M in the side was arranged in parallel, and it was a type with a corridor-type courtyard inside. The inner sides of Jongno Avenue had an atypical flat shape that suited the more free lot, and a courtyard-type plan with a single entrance was also confirmed in the one or two Bang(房, district). This study reflected the operation method of the Sijeon buildings b between the one unit and the other units, which affected the internal spatial structures, and it found that the size and style of the Sijeon buildings were closely relevant to the size of the lots near Jongno Avenue.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.681-693
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• 2022

본 연구는 근골격계 질환으로 입원한 환자의 의무기록지 키워드 네트워크 분석을 통해 근골격계와 관련된 표준의료용어를 유추하여 보건의료현장의 비정형화된 데이터 활용 방안을 제시하기 위함이다. 분석 대상은 2010년부터 2019년까지 근골격계 질환 환자의 입퇴원요약지 145부로, 더아이엠씨(The IMC)에서 개발한 빅데이터 분석 솔루션인 TEXTOM을 활용하여 분석하였다. 1차·2차 정제과정을 통해 도출된 177개의 근골격계 관련 용어를 최종 분석하였다. 연구결과 다빈도 용어는 'Metastasis', 의료용어 체계별 분석 결과에서 임상소견은 'Metastasis', 증상은 'Weakness', 진단은 'Hepatitis', 처치는 'Remove', 신체구조는 'Spine', 약물은 'Oxycodone'이 가장 많이 사용되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 정형화되지 않은 의료데이터의 분석과 활용 및 관리 방안에 대한 시사점을 제안하고자 한다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2006

도처에 분포하는 peroxiredoxins (Prxs)은 세포 내 방어신호전달 과정에서 다양한 기능을 하는 것으로 나타났다. Prxs는 크게 typical 2-Cys Prx, atypical 2-Cys Prx와 1-Cys Prx의 세 부류로 분류되는데, 이것들은 cysteine 잔기의 수와 촉매기전에 따라 구분된다. 세 종류의 단백질 중, N-말단에 peroxidatic cysteine 잔기를 포함하는 typical 2-Cys Prx는 $H_2O_2$ 분해과정 동안 과산화물-의존적인 sulfenic acid로의 산화와 thiol-의존적 환원과정이 순환되어 일어난다. Sulfenic acid는 고농도의 $H_2O_2$와 Trx, Trx reductase와 NADPH를 포함하는 촉매 요소의 존재하에 cysteine sulfenic acid로 과산화 될 수 있다 과산화된 2-Cys Prx는 ATP 의존성 효소인 sulfiredoxin의 작용에 의해 천천히 환원된다. 세포가 강력한 산화나 열 충격 스트레스에 노출되면, 2-Cys Prx는 LMW 단백질에서 HMW complex로 구조를 변화시켜 peroxidase에서 chaperone으로 기능의 전환을 일으킨다. 2-Cys Prx의 C-말단 부분 역시 이러한 구조적 전환에 중요한 역할을 한다. 따라서, C-말단이 잘려진 단백질은 과산화가 되지 않고 단백질의 구조와 기능이 조절될 수 없다. 이러한 반응들은 활성 자리인 peroxidatic cysteine 잔기에 의해 일차적으로 유도되며, 그것은 세포에서 '$H_2O_2$ sensor' 로서 작용하다. 2-Cys Prx의 가역적인 구조와 기능 변화는 세포가 외부자극에 적응하는 수단으로 작용하며, 아마도 세포내 방어신호체계를 활성화 시키는 것으로 생각된다. 특히, chloroplast에 존재하는 식물 2-Cys Prx는 촉매반응 동안 주된 구조적인 변화를 나타내는 역동적인 단백질 구조를 가지고 있어서, 산화-환원 의존적으로 super-complex를 형성하고 가역적으로 thylakoid membrane에 부착한다.