• Title/Summary/Keyword: attributes of representation

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Knowledge Representation Using Decision Trees Constructed Based on Binary Splits

  • Azad, Mohammad
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • v.14 no.10
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    • pp.4007-4024
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    • 2020
  • It is tremendously important to construct decision trees to use as a tool for knowledge representation from a given decision table. However, the usual algorithms may split the decision table based on each value, which is not efficient for numerical attributes. The methodology of this paper is to split the given decision table into binary groups as like the CART algorithm, that uses binary split to work for both categorical and numerical attributes. The difference is that it uses split for each attribute established by the directed acyclic graph in a dynamic programming fashion whereas, the CART uses binary split among all considered attributes in a greedy fashion. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of binary splits in comparison with each value splits when building the decision trees. Such effect can be studied by comparing the number of nodes, local and global misclassification rate among the constructed decision trees based on three proposed algorithms.

Implicit Representation of Gender Stereotype: Priming Effects of Attribute Typicality and Gender Congruency (성별 고정관념의 암묵적 표상: 성별의 속성 전형성과 집단 일치성의 점화효과)

  • 이재호;방희정
    • Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.37-46
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    • 2003
  • Two experiments were conducted to explore the implicit representation of gender-stereotype using primed naming task for prime-target pairs. In Experiment 1, Participants were presented gender's attributes as primes at SOA 250ms and were asked to pronounce person's names which differed in typicality and preference of gender's attributes. The results showed that gender congruent effects was not found, but typicality effects and interactions were found. In Experiment 2, Participants were presented gender's attributes as primes at SOA 250ms and were asked to pronounce gender's attributes which differed in typicality of gender's attributes. The results showed that woman's attributes superiority effects were found, but typicality effects were not. These results were discussed from a point of view of graded representation of gender stereotype and asymmetrical processing of gender stereotype to priming conditions in the implicit level.

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Influence of asethetic attributes on user interface design (제품의 조형요소가 사용자-인터페이스 디자인에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • 이현진;이건표
    • Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.105-113
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    • 1995
  • The objective of the study is to investigate the influence of aesthetic attributes on user interface design. Theories of aesthetics are first studied from which aesthetic attributes are defined as information sources. Representation of a product is viewed as a combination of aesthetic attributes, based on a hypothesis that each attribute has a certain influence on the performance in terms of user interface. An experiment was conducted to support the hypothesis. Various combinations of aesthetic attributes of a microwave oven were generated from the orthogonal array of a conjoint analysis. Subjects perfomed on a computer two types of tasks, each of which simulated a combination of attributes. Reaction time was evaluated as a performance measure for the conjoint analysis to find out how much influence each attribute has on the performance. A computer program, UISA(User interface Simulation system of Aesthetic attributes0, was developed and used for simulation. Findings on the influences of aesthetic attributes were summarized.

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Managing Product Evolution in Agile Manufacturing Environments

  • Jin, Min.;Ting, T.C.
    • The Journal of Information Technology and Database
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.45-63
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    • 1996
  • This paper presents an integrated object-oriented database approach for managing the evolution of products in agile manufacturing environments, Schema evolution modification facilities are provided to support full potential versioning of type definitions. All of the possible versions for a composite product are not explicitly represented to avoid version proliferation. However, valid configurations of any composite products can be provided to comply with customer demands, The attributes of composite products are classified in order to provide well-defined representation scheme for composite products and to be exploited in version control. The attributes are partitioned into composite-related and non composite-related categories. Composite-related attributes consist of subproducts and description ones. Subproducts attributes represent physical constituents of a composite product. Description attributes represent external features, assembling, and correspondence property. Interface attributes are introduced for managing configurability and version propagation. Version derivations due to the changes to the interface attributes are propagated toward the product composition hierarchy, The validity of configurations of composite products is checked by using configurability maps. Instance objects which represent the actual product instances are stored and manipulated in the database in order to support traceability during product life cycle.

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A Study on the Representation of the Dimensions in the Feature-based Modeler Based on the B-rep (경계 표현법을 기반으로 한 특징 형상 모델러에서 치수 정보의 표현에 관한 연구)

  • 변문현;오익수
    • Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.122-132
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    • 1996
  • Features are generic shapes with which engineers associate certain attributes and knowledge useful in reasoning about the product. Feature-based modeling systems support additional levels of information beyond those available in geometric modelers. The objective of this study is to develop a PC level feature-based modeling system which explicitly represents dimensions of the part. The feature-based modeler retains all the benefits of traditional B-rep. solid models, and represents the dimensions at a high level of a abstraction so that dimension driven geometry can be achieved.

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The Characteristics of "States of Matter" Concept Attributes of 3rd to 6th Grade Elementary School Students

  • Choi, Jung-In;Paik, Seoung-Hey
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.60 no.6
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    • pp.415-427
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    • 2016
  • This study analyzed the attributes of the conceptions of $3^{rd}$ to $6^{th}$ grade elementary school students on three states of matter and investigated the characteristics of the classified results of various examples of matter by grades. Through discussion activities, we confirmed the stabilization of conception attributions. For this study, 113 participants from two $3^{rd}$ to $6^{th}$ grade elementary school classes were selected. The concentration analysis (C-factor) and normalized gain (G-factor) of the conceptions for the quantitative analysis of the conception changes were used. The elementary school students retained different percentages of the attributes for states of matter. The characteristic of the grades were different between the 3rd grade and other grades. Based on these results, we pointed out the problems with the present teaching methods in science textbooks and stated the advantages of the effects of the representation of mixtures.

A Visual Language supporting Collaboration with Functional Attributes (함수적 속성을 가지는 협업 지원 시각언어)

  • Kim, Kyung-Deok
    • The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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    • v.7 no.9
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    • pp.2807-2814
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    • 2000
  • In this paper, we suggest a visual language supporting collaboration with functional attributes. The visual language is a set of visual sentences that consist of object icons and operators. The object icon is a user who participates in collaboration. And, the operator means interactive relations between users according to a point of collaborative time. The functional attributes that support various computing orders provide flexibility of interactive relations on collaboration. Also, using representation both synchronous and asynchronous relations in collaboration, the visual language supports efficiently collaboration than conventional visual languages. And, functional attributes of visual sentences are analyzed using $\lambda$ expressions.

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Development of Detailed Clinical Models for Pain Assessment (통증 간호사정을 위한 임상내용모델 개발)

  • Min, Yul-Ha;Park, Hyeoun-Ae;Lee, Young-Ji;Kim, Young-Lan;Lee, Myung-Kyung
    • Perspectives in Nursing Science
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.113-120
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop and validate Detailed Clinical Models (DCMs) for pain assessment in nursing. Methods: First, we identified the entities of pain assessment from ICNP. We identified the attributes and values of the attributes to describe the entities in more detail by reviewing the literature. Data types and optionalities of the attributes were defined. Second, we modeled the DCMs by linking an entity and its corresponding attributes with values and by specifying the data types and optionalities of the attributes. Finally, the DCMs were validated by a group of domain experts using a content validity index. Results: In total, 19 DCMs with 11 attributes for pain assessment were developed. The experts' evaluations showed that the DCMs were valid enough to represent pain related information of nursing assessment. Conclusion: The DCMs developed in this study can be used in electronic nursing records. The DCMs for pain can ensure the semantic interoperability of pain related information in electronic nursing records.

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Analysis of the Types of Scientific Models in the Life Domain of Science Textbooks (중등 과학 교과서의 생명 영역에 제시된 과학적 모형들의 유형 분석)

  • Kim, Mi-Young;Kim, Heui-Baik
    • Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.423-436
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    • 2009
  • This study aims to develop an analytic framework that can be used to classify scientific models in science textbooks according to modes and attributes of representation and to investigate types of scientific models presented in the biology section of science textbooks for the $7^{th}$ to $10^{th}$ grades. The results showed that modes of representation of scientific models are related to the nature of sub-areas of biology sections. Generally, the iconic model and symbolic model were in dominant use, including drawings of organs and explanations of working of systems. However, the chapters on 'The Organization of Life' and 'The Continuity of Life' showed a relatively high frequency in use of the actual model. The theoretical model was presented in a part of 'The Continuity of Life', due to its highly abstract characteristics. Moreover, the gestural model and analogical model showed very low frequency. From the perspective of attributes of representation, frequency of the static model was very high, while one of the dynamic models was very low. Therefore, efforts to recognize the properties of scientific concepts more clearly and to develop diverse types of models that can represent the concepts adequately are required. Analysis of these types of scientific models can offer recognition of the usefulness and limitations of models in representing the concepts or phenomena, and can help us to design adequate models depicting particular properties of given concepts. Also, this type of analysis may motivate researchers to strive to reveal correct methods for and limits of using the scientific models that are presented in existing science textbooks, as well as to provide useful information to organize the science textbooks according to the revised $7^{th}$ national science curriculum.

A Study on the Attributes of Fractal on M.C. Escher′s Works (에셔(M. C. Escher) 작품의 프랙탈 속성에 관한 연구)

  • 류시천;윤찬종
    • Archives of design research
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.5-14
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    • 2002
  • Fractal which was named by Mandelbrot in 1975 and its theory have been taken notice of many fields of scholarship, namely mathematics, physics, geography, architecture, art, philosophy and so on. If we approach Fractal on the basis of the designing cogitation, it can be used not only as one of materials to take a crease thinking in design, also as a due of the methods to assess the design problem with a new point of view. Based on above background, in this study, it was studied on the graphic artist, Morits Collelius Escher who has been well known as the great artist of illusion," and on the attributes of Fractal which were contained in his various work\ulcorner As a reset, the four attributes, namey ′fractal dimension′, ′self-similarity, ′recursiveness′and ′infinity were founded in his works. Also, it was founded that Escher had employed the attributes of Fractal in his almost works for "the representation of the condition of unified-duality," that is to say, for the union of two different dimensions. After this, it is expected that this study shoed be extended to the development of the principle of Fractal-Design on the basis of ′Fractal which can be defined as the phenomenon of repetitious pattern between chaos and order and′the formative beauty of Fractal′.

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