• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.4007-4024
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• 2020

It is tremendously important to construct decision trees to use as a tool for knowledge representation from a given decision table. However, the usual algorithms may split the decision table based on each value, which is not efficient for numerical attributes. The methodology of this paper is to split the given decision table into binary groups as like the CART algorithm, that uses binary split to work for both categorical and numerical attributes. The difference is that it uses split for each attribute established by the directed acyclic graph in a dynamic programming fashion whereas, the CART uses binary split among all considered attributes in a greedy fashion. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of binary splits in comparison with each value splits when building the decision trees. Such effect can be studied by comparing the number of nodes, local and global misclassification rate among the constructed decision trees based on three proposed algorithms.

• 인지과학
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2003

성별 고정관념은 대인 집단에 관한 표상이며 암묵적 수준에서 자동적으로 처리된다고 알려졌다. 이 연구는 고정관념의 속성 전형성과 집단 일치성 변인의 효과가 암묵적 점화과제에 반영되는지를 관찰하고자 하였다. 실험 1에서는 성별 고정관념의 성별 속성을 전형성과 선호도 변인을 조작하여 점화 자극으로 제시한 다음 성별 이름에 대한 명명시간을 측정하였다. 전형성 변인의 효과만 관찰되었고, 그 효과는 여자에서 나타났다. 반면에 집단 일치성 효과는 관찰되지 않았다. 실험 2에서는 고정관념의 속성간 조건으로 전형성 변인의 점화효과를 체계적으로 관찰하고자 하였다. 성별 범주의 주효과만 나타났고, 여성 속성이 남성 속성에 비해서 점화효과가 크게 관찰되었다. 전형성 변인의 주효과와 집단 일치성 효과는 관찰되지 않았다. 두 실험의 결과, 성별 고정관념의 속성 전형성은 암묵적인 수준에서 미약하지만 표상에 영향을 미칠 가능성을 확인하였다. 반면에 성별의 집단 일치성 효과는 표상에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이는 성별 속성이 미약하지만 전형성에 따라 단계적으로 표상되었을 가능성과 성별의 표상이 참가자 성에 따라 비대칭적으로 표상되었을 가능성을 시사하는 것이다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.105-113
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• 1995

The objective of the study is to investigate the influence of aesthetic attributes on user interface design. Theories of aesthetics are first studied from which aesthetic attributes are defined as information sources. Representation of a product is viewed as a combination of aesthetic attributes, based on a hypothesis that each attribute has a certain influence on the performance in terms of user interface. An experiment was conducted to support the hypothesis. Various combinations of aesthetic attributes of a microwave oven were generated from the orthogonal array of a conjoint analysis. Subjects perfomed on a computer two types of tasks, each of which simulated a combination of attributes. Reaction time was evaluated as a performance measure for the conjoint analysis to find out how much influence each attribute has on the performance. A computer program, UISA(User interface Simulation system of Aesthetic attributes0, was developed and used for simulation. Findings on the influences of aesthetic attributes were summarized.

• 정보기술과데이타베이스저널
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.45-63
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• 1996

This paper presents an integrated object-oriented database approach for managing the evolution of products in agile manufacturing environments, Schema evolution modification facilities are provided to support full potential versioning of type definitions. All of the possible versions for a composite product are not explicitly represented to avoid version proliferation. However, valid configurations of any composite products can be provided to comply with customer demands, The attributes of composite products are classified in order to provide well-defined representation scheme for composite products and to be exploited in version control. The attributes are partitioned into composite-related and non composite-related categories. Composite-related attributes consist of subproducts and description ones. Subproducts attributes represent physical constituents of a composite product. Description attributes represent external features, assembling, and correspondence property. Interface attributes are introduced for managing configurability and version propagation. Version derivations due to the changes to the interface attributes are propagated toward the product composition hierarchy, The validity of configurations of composite products is checked by using configurability maps. Instance objects which represent the actual product instances are stored and manipulated in the database in order to support traceability during product life cycle.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.122-132
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• 1996

Features are generic shapes with which engineers associate certain attributes and knowledge useful in reasoning about the product. Feature-based modeling systems support additional levels of information beyond those available in geometric modelers. The objective of this study is to develop a PC level feature-based modeling system which explicitly represents dimensions of the part. The feature-based modeler retains all the benefits of traditional B-rep. solid models, and represents the dimensions at a high level of a abstraction so that dimension driven geometry can be achieved.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.415-427
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• 2016

This study analyzed the attributes of the conceptions of $3^{rd}$ to $6^{th}$ grade elementary school students on three states of matter and investigated the characteristics of the classified results of various examples of matter by grades. Through discussion activities, we confirmed the stabilization of conception attributions. For this study, 113 participants from two $3^{rd}$ to $6^{th}$ grade elementary school classes were selected. The concentration analysis (C-factor) and normalized gain (G-factor) of the conceptions for the quantitative analysis of the conception changes were used. The elementary school students retained different percentages of the attributes for states of matter. The characteristic of the grades were different between the 3rd grade and other grades. Based on these results, we pointed out the problems with the present teaching methods in science textbooks and stated the advantages of the effects of the representation of mixtures.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제7권9호
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• pp.2807-2814
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 함수적 속성을 가지는 협업 지원 시각언어를 제안한다. 제안한 시각언어는 객체 아이콘과 연산자들로 구성되는 시각 문장의 집합이다. 객체 아이콘은 협업에 참여하는 사용자를 의미하고 연산자는 사용자간 상호작용 시점에 따른 협업 관계를 의미한다. 시각 문장은 함수적 속성에 따라 연산되며, 연산 결과에 따라 다양한 협업을 지원한다. 함수적 속성은 시각 문장에서 다양한 연산 순서를 지원함으로서 협업 관계의 융통성을 제공한다. 또한, 동기 및 비동기 협업을 함께 표현함으로써 기존 시각언어보다 효율적인 협업을 지원한다. 그리고 시각 문장의 함수적 속성은 $\lambda$수식으로 분석한다.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop and validate Detailed Clinical Models (DCMs) for pain assessment in nursing. Methods: First, we identified the entities of pain assessment from ICNP. We identified the attributes and values of the attributes to describe the entities in more detail by reviewing the literature. Data types and optionalities of the attributes were defined. Second, we modeled the DCMs by linking an entity and its corresponding attributes with values and by specifying the data types and optionalities of the attributes. Finally, the DCMs were validated by a group of domain experts using a content validity index. Results: In total, 19 DCMs with 11 attributes for pain assessment were developed. The experts' evaluations showed that the DCMs were valid enough to represent pain related information of nursing assessment. Conclusion: The DCMs developed in this study can be used in electronic nursing records. The DCMs for pain can ensure the semantic interoperability of pain related information in electronic nursing records.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.423-436
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• 2009

이 연구에서는 중등 과학 교과서의 과학적 모형들에 대해 그 표상 양식과 속성에 따라 분류하는 분석틀을 개발하여, 7${\sim}$10학년 과학 교과서 생명 영역에 제시된 과학적 모형들의 유형을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 모형의 표상 양식은 생명 영역의 주제별로 특성을 나타냈다. 전체적으로는 기관의 형태를 표상한 그림이나 시스템의 작동에 대한 설명과 같은 모상 모형과 상징적 모형의 비율이 고르게 높았다. 그러나 '생물의 구성'과 '생명의 연속성' 에서는 실제적 모형이 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 또한 이론적 모형은 개념의 특성상 추상성이 높기 때문에 '생명의 연속성' 주제에서 일부 제시되었다. 몸짓 모형이나 비유적 모형은 매우 낮은 비율을 보였다. 표상의 속성 차원에서는 모든 주제에서 정적 모형의 비율이 매우 높았고, 동적 모형의 비율은 매우 낮았다. 따라서 과학 개념들의 특성을 좀 더 명확히 파악하고, 그 개념을 정확히 표상할 수 있는 다양한 유형의 모형들을 개발하려는 노력이 요구된다. 과학적 모형들에 대한 유형 분석은 개념이나 현상을 표상하는 모형의 유용성과 한계를 파악할 수 있고, 특정 개념을 표상하는데 적합한 모형을 고안하는데 도웅을 줄 수 있다. 또한 이런 유형의 분석은 현 교과서들에 나타난 과학적 모형 사용의 제한점과 바람직한 방향을 모색하게 할 뿐 아니라, 7차 개정 교육과정에 따른 과학 교과서를 구성하는데 유용한 정보를 제공해 줄 것이다.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2002

Fractal which was named by Mandelbrot in 1975 and its theory have been taken notice of many fields of scholarship, namely mathematics, physics, geography, architecture, art, philosophy and so on. If we approach Fractal on the basis of the designing cogitation, it can be used not only as one of materials to take a crease thinking in design, also as a due of the methods to assess the design problem with a new point of view. Based on above background, in this study, it was studied on the graphic artist, Morits Collelius Escher who has been well known as the great artist of illusion," and on the attributes of Fractal which were contained in his various work\ulcorner As a reset, the four attributes, namey ′fractal dimension′, ′self-similarity, ′recursiveness′and ′infinity were founded in his works. Also, it was founded that Escher had employed the attributes of Fractal in his almost works for "the representation of the condition of unified-duality," that is to say, for the union of two different dimensions. After this, it is expected that this study shoed be extended to the development of the principle of Fractal-Design on the basis of ′Fractal which can be defined as the phenomenon of repetitious pattern between chaos and order and′the formative beauty of Fractal′.