• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.13C no.1 s.104
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• pp.63-68
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• 2006

Cyber Attacks have increased damages constantly in all over the world for several years. A survey said the cost caused by Cyber Attacks had increased 225 times from 1996 to 2003. It is very difficult to calculate the cost by the Attacks exactly but the calculating the cost of cyber attacks would be great helpful for a company to decide how much budget to spend to Information Security. In this research we could reach the conclusion : the cyber attacks has decreased the stock price of the companies, especially pure internet companies. But the stock market has not greatly impacted by the types of Cyber Attacks. Korean stock market also impacted by the Internet Destruction Accident happened Jan. 25. 2003. On the basis of this study we will recommend a policy or a regulation which force board of directors and officers of a company to have information security liability.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.129-141
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of preventive attacks through cases of military attacks against nuclear facilities in Iraq and Syria that Israel has conducted. It also suggests a desirable approach to preventive attacks against North Korea. The Operation Opera in Iraq in 1981 and the Operation Orchard in Syria in 2007 are examined with an aim to support the opinion "the preventive attack can not be successful in the long run though it may be effective in the short term". It is also possible to denuclearize if the effective preventive attacks on the Korean peninsula are conducted together with removing both nuclear weapons development means and will. In order to guarantee the successful prevent attacks, it is necessary to secure the legitimacy of preventive attacks as well as international pressure. Also, the reliable military attack should be done on facilities, manpower and monitored continuously to prevent developing the nuclear afterwards.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.103-110
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• 2019

Recently security related attacks occur in very diverse ways, aiming at people who operate the system rather than the system itself by exploiting vulnerabilities of the system. However, to the our best knowledge, there has been very few works to analyze and strategically to deal with the risks of social engineering attacks targeting people. In this paper, in order to access risks of social engineering attacks we analyze those attacks in terms of attack routes, attack means, attack steps, attack tools, attack goals. Then, with the purpose of accessing the organizational risks we consider the characteristics and environments of the organizations because the impacts of attacks on the organizations obviously depend on the characteristics and environments of the organizations. In addition, we analyze general attack risk assessment methods such as CVSS, CWSS, and OWASP Risk Rating Methodolog. Finally, we propose the risk access scheme of social engineering attacks for the organizations. The proposed scheme allows each organization to take its own proper actions to address social engineering attacks according to the changes of its environments.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.83-90
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• 2009

Since wireless sensor networks are deployed in open environments, an attacker can physically capture some sensor nodes. Using information of compromised nodes, an attacker can launch false data injection attacks that report nonexistent events. False data can cause false alarms and draining the limited energy resources of the forwarding nodes. In order to detect and discard such false data during the forwarding process, various security solutions have been proposed. But since they are prevention-based solutions that involve additional operations, they would be energy-inefficient if the corresponding attacks are not launched. In this paper, we propose a detection method that can detect false data injection attacks without extra overheads. The proposed method is designed based on the signature of false data injection attacks that has been derived through simulation. The proposed method detects the attacks based on the number of reporting nodes, the correctness of the reports, and the variation in the number of the nodes for each event. We show the proposed method can detect a large portion of attacks through simulation.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.109-118
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• 2024

Recently, a social issue has arisen involving RDDoS attacks following the sending of threatening emails to security administrators of companies and institutions. According to a report published by the Korea Internet & Security Agency and the Ministry of Science and ICT, survey results indicate that DDoS attacks are increasing. However, the top response in the survey highlighted the difficulty in countering DDoS attacks due to issues related to security personnel and costs. In responding to DDoS attacks, administrators typically detect anomalies through traffic monitoring, utilizing security equipment and programs to identify and block attacks. They also respond by employing DDoS mitigation solutions offered by external security firms. However, a challenge arises from the initial failure in early response to DDoS attacks, leading to frequent use of detection and mitigation measures. This issue, compounded by increased costs, poses a problem in effectively countering DDoS attacks. In this paper, we propose a system that creates detection rules, periodically collects traffic using mail detection and IDS, notifies administrators when rules match, and Based on predefined threshold, we use IPS to block traffic or DDoS mitigation. In the absence of DDoS mitigation, the system sends urgent notifications to administrators and suggests that you apply for and use of a cyber shelter or DDoS mitigation. Based on this, the implementation showed that network traffic was reduced from 400 Mbps to 100 Mbps, enabling DDoS response. Additionally, due to the time and expense involved in modifying detection and blocking rules, it is anticipated that future research could address cost-saving through reduced usage of DDoS mitigation by utilizing artificial intelligence for rule creation and modification, or by generating rules in new ways.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.665-670
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• 2001

The studies on chloride diffusion of concrete have been done so far by many researchers. However, there are few studies that present the effects of other attacks on chloride diffusion properties. Therefore, in this study the experiments are carried out to show the effects of combined attacks, such as carbonation, sulfate attacks, on chloride diffusivity in concrete. The specimens are made by varying cement type and replacement ratio of fly ash. The results show that cement type and replacement of fly ash do not affect greatly chloride diffusion properties. And concrete treated by combined attacks show a little higher chloride content than those treated by chloride solution only. Therefore, the effects of these factors should be taken into account in predicting the penetration of chloride ion in concrete.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.469-478
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• 2014

RSA signature algorithms using the Chinese remainder theorem (CRT-RSA) are approximately four-times faster than straightforward implementations of an RSA cryptosystem. However, the CRT-RSA is known to be vulnerable to fault attacks; even one execution of the algorithm is sufficient to reveal the secret keys. Over the past few years, several countermeasures against CRT-RSA fault attacks have tended to involve additional exponentiations or inversions, and in most cases, they are also vulnerable to new variants of fault attacks. In this paper, we review how Shamir's countermeasure can be broken by fault attacks and improve the countermeasure to prevent future fault attacks, with the added benefit of low additional costs. In our experiment, we use the side-channel analysis resistance framework system, a fault injection testing and verification system, which enables us to inject a fault into the right position, even to within $1{\mu}s$. We also explain how to find the exact timing of the target operation using an Atmega128 software board.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.168-182
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• 2020

Spoofing attacks, especially replay attacks, pose great security challenges to automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems. Current works on replay attacks detection primarily focused on either developing new features or improving classifier performance, ignoring the effects of feature variability, e.g., the channel variability. In this paper, we first establish a mathematical model for replay speech and introduce a method for eliminating the negative interference of the channel. Then a novel feature is proposed to detect the replay attacks. To further boost the detection performance, four post-processing methods using normalization techniques are investigated. We evaluate our proposed method on the ASVspoof 2017 dataset. The experimental results show that our approach outperforms the competing methods in terms of detection accuracy. More interestingly, we find that the proposed normalization strategy could also improve the performance of the existing algorithms.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.101-108
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• 2003

The RSA cryptosystem is most commonly used for providing privacy and ensuring authenticity of digital data. 1'his system is based on the difficulty of integer factoring. Many attacks had been done, but none of them devastating. They mostly illustrate the dangers of improper use of RSA. Improper use implies many aspects, but here we imply the misuse of the parameters of RSA. Specially, sizes of parameters give strong effects on the efficiency and the security of the system. Parameters are also related each other. We analyze the relation of them. Recently many researchers are interested in side-channel attacks. We also investigate partial key exposure attacks, which was motivated by side-channel attacks. If a fraction of tile secret key bits is revealed, the private key will be reconstructed. We also study mathematical background of these attacks, solving modular multivariate polynomial equations.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.121-125
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a framework of Transmission Control Protocol with Software Rejuvenation methodology, which is applicable for network system survivability. This method is utilized to improve the survivability because it can limit the damage caused by successful attacks. The main objectives are to detect intrusions in real time, to characterize attacks, and to survive in face of attacks. To counter act the attacks' attempts or intrusions, we perform the Software Rejuvenation methods such as killing the intruders' processes in their tracks, halting abuse before it happens, shutting down unauthorized connection, and responding and restarting in real time. These slogans will really frustrate and deter the attacks, as the attacker can't make their progress. This is the way of survivability to maximize the deterrence against an attack in the target environment. We address a framework to model and analyze the critical intrusion tolerance problems ahead of intrusion detection on Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).