• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.240-246
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• 2009

Statement of problem: Insertion of endosseous implants in the atrophic maxilla is often complicated because of lack of supporting bone. Augmentation of the floor of the maxillary sinus with autogenous bone & bone substitute graft has been proven to be a reliable treatment modality, at least in the short term. The aim of this study is to evaluate the factors of implant survival rate associated with maxillary sinus lift with grafts. Material and methods: The sinus floor was augmented with bone grafts derived from modified Caldwell-luctechnique(71 subject, 93 sinus, 180 implants), the autogenous bone or autogenous+Bio-oss. Before implant installation the width and height of the alveolar crest were increased in the first stage procedure in 10 patients while in the other 61 patients augmentation and implant installation could be performed simultaneously width and height of the alveolar crest > 4 mm) or delayed installation. Results: In all case bone volume was sufficients for implant insertion. 14 of 180 inserted implants were lost during follow up and the healing period Patient received implant supported overdenture(5 patients) or fixed bridge(62 patients). Conclusion: Within the limit of the result of this study, we conclude that bone grafting of the floor of the maxillary sinus floor with bone for the insertion of implants might be a reliable treatment modality and the autogenous bone graft and delayed installation method might be the factors for good results.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.237-249
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• 2007

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of membrane exposure on new bone formation when guided bone regeneration with perforated titanium membrane on atrophic alveolar ridge. The present study attempted to establish a GBR model for four adult beagle dog premolar. Intra-marrow penetration defects were created on the alveolar ridge(twelve weeks after extraction) on the mandibular premolar teeth in the beagle dogs. Space providing perforated titanium membrane with various graft material were implanted to provide for GBR. The graft material were demineralized bovine bone(DBB), Irradiated cancellous bone(ICB) and demineralized human bone powder(DFDB). The gingival flap were advanced to cover the membranes and sutured. Seven sites experienced wound failure within 2-3weeks postsurgery resulting in membrane exposure. The animals were euthanized at 4 weeks postsurgery for histologic and histometric analysis. The results of this study were as follows: 1. There was little new bone formation at 4 weeks postsurgery. irrespectively of membrane exposure. 2. There was significant relationship between membrane exposure and bone graft resorption(P<0.05), but no relation between membrane exposure and infiltrated connective tissue. 3. There was much bone graft resorption on DFDB than ICB and DBB. 4. The less exposure was on the perforated titanium membrane, the more dense infiltrated connective tissue was filled under the membrane when grafted with ICB and DBB. but there was no relationship between the rate of membrane exposure and the percentage of infiltrated connective tissue area and no relationship between the percentage of the area in the infiltrated connective tissue and in the residual bone graft. Within the above results, bone formation may be inhibited when membrane was exposed and ICB and DBB were more effective than DFDB as a bone graft material when guided bone regeneration.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.7 s.80
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• pp.1112-1118
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• 2006

Bordetella bronchiseptica, the agent of swine atrophic rhinitis and kennel cough in dogs, is a mucosal pathogen and produces the hydroxamate type alcaligin siderophore under iron-limited conditions. Genes involved in alcaligin siderophore biosynthesis are contained in an alcABCDE operon. In order to provide direct evidence for the role of AlcA in alcaligin biosynthesis, we needed a B. bronchiseptica mutant carrying alcA gene deletion. A 0.6 kb alcA 5'-flanking and 0.7kb 3'-flanking DNA fragments were PCR amplified with the use of pCP1.11 as a template DNA. The 5'-and 3'-flanking DNA fragments were joined in a suicide plasmid, resulting in a recombinant suicide plasmid pDM1. After introduction of pDM1 into B. bronchiseptica by conjugation, the allelic exchange technique was performed and a B. bronchiseptica alcA deletion mutant, named B. bronchiseptica H1, was obtained. The mutant strain produced reduced amount of siderophore as expected. When a plasmid containing complete alcA gene was transformed back into the mutant, the complemented mutant recovered ability of siderophore production. These results indicated that AlcA is one of essential components for the alcaligin siderophore biosynthesis. The mutant strains obtained in this study will be used in the further studies for the biochemical function of AlcA.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.10-18
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• 2013

Objectives : We performed a pilot study to investigate inter- and intra-rater reliability of pattern identification using nasal endoscopy for allergic rhinitis(AR). Methods : Eight experts of ophthalmology, otolaryngology and dermatology of Korean medicine evaluated 20 nasal endoscopy photograph cases of AR patients with pattern identification index using nasal endoscopy for AR including the nasal membrane color(pale / hyperemia), nasal membrane humidity(dryness / dampness), rhinorrhea(watery / yellow), and membrane edema (atrophic / edematous) on nasal endoscopy. Results : Intra-rater agreement(%) and Kappa coefficient was generally from 'moderate' to 'good'(% agreement: 73.13-90% / Kappa coefficient: 0.547-0.748). Inter-rater agreement(%) and Kappa coefficient was also from 'moderate' to 'good' (% agreement: 65-85% / Kappa: 0.475-0.778) except 'humidity(dryness / dampness)' item (% agreement: 55.98% / Kappa: 0.340). In findings of subgroup analysis according to affiliation of raters, Inter-rater agreement(%) and Kappa coefficient of raters in same affiliation was higher than inter-rater agreement(%) and Kappa coefficient of raters in different affiliation except 'dryness / dampness' item. Conclusions : It is necessary to improve objectivity and reproducibility of pattern identification using nasal endoscopy for allergic rhinitis(AR) through the development of detail-oriented criteria and enhanced training of clinicians with development of standard operating procedures(SOPs).

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.917-924
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• 1995

I suis cocciosis in piglets seems to occur in the majority of Korean sow herds. Cocci야osis is characterized by a pasty diarrhea in piglets appearing at 5 to 11 days old. Morbidity is variable, Mortality is usually low but piglets growth is always retarded. And, the principal source of infection is the environment because of the high resistance of oocysts. Control of coccidiosis is usually frustrated since the majority of treatment have not constant results. Mundt et al(1990) developed a new strategy by administrating toltrazuril as an oral suspension. This new anticoccidial drug reduced clinical signs and mortality. Therefore, we will try to medicate piglets with Baycox(Bay Vi 9142) suspension in a sow herd, having a problem of I suis coccidiosis. The incidences of coccidiosis in suckling piglets in C and D bleeding stock farm were from 28.6 to 42.3 and 21.1~57.9 % during 3 to 21 day-old. The body weights of suckling piglets in treated groups were higher than those of control groups at 11 and 18 day-old. Also, those of C breeding stock firm were higher than those of D farm. The body weight gains of suckling piglet of treated groups were higher than those of control groups. Also, those of C breeding stock firm were higher than those of D farm. There was no dead piglet in all experimental groups. Some atrophic piglets were done away with. In C breeding stock farm, the incidences of diarrhea in treatment groups were significantly lower an those of control groups. Also, the degrees of diarrhea in treated groups were significantly lower than those in control groups. In D breeding stock farm, the incidences of diarrhea in treated groups were a little lower than those in control groups. Also the degrees of diarrhea in treated groups were a little lower than those in control groups. In the treated groups, the incidences and degrees of diarrhea were reduced at the 4th day and increased at the 13th day after treatment. The number of litters excreted oocysts in treated groups wert lower than those in control groups after treatment. Also, the OPG in treated groups were lower than those in control groups. According to above results, the effect of Baycox suspension against swine coccidiosis was very good. If we will treat with Barcox suspension swine coccidiosis in swine stock farms, we can get good effects of the improvement of body weight gains and diarrhea and e reduce of excreted costs in faeces.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.142-145
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• 2013

Equine motor neuron disease (EMND) is a spontaneous neurologic disorder of horses, which results from the degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain stem. An 8-year-old Jeju pony gelding presented with weight loss, muscle tremors, frequent recumbence, low head carriage, sweating, and standing with four limbs close together. The gelding has been on the same stable and limited access to pasture for several years. The gelding has been fed with dried hays and commercial concentrated feeds. Laboratory test revealed very low serum vitamin E level (0.14 ${\mu}g/mL$; reference range > 1.5 ${\mu}g/mL$), mildly elevated creatine kinase (402 IU/L; reference range 119-287 IU/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (876 IU/L; reference range 226-336 IU/L). Oral glucose absorption test showed decreased glucose absorption. Histopathologic examination using a biopsy specimen from sacrocaudalis dorsalis medialis muscle revealed atrophic and hypertrophic muscle fiber, centralization of nucleus, degenerating and necrotic muscle fibers. Taken together, the gelding was diagnosed as EMND. After oral vitamin E administrated for 5 weeks, the gelding showed normally improved stance, decreased periods of recumbency, improved head carriage and weight gain except consistent tremors. This is the first report that successfully treated EMND case occurred in a Jeju pony in Korea.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.127-137
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• 1996

This study was performed to investigate the toxicity of DA-125 in beagle dogs, an anthracycline antitumor antibiotic. The dogs were administered DA-125 i.v. at 0.0023, 0.0375, 0.15 and 0.6 mg/kg/day, 6 days/week for 26 weeks. At 0.6 mg/kg, all male and female dogs were either sacrificed moribundly or dead during the 26-week treatment. The dogs revealed inactivity, salivation, dark bloody discharge, swelling of the subcutaneous injection site, abscess, and ulceration in the abdominal wall and legs. At 0.15 mg/kg, anorexia, salivation, and swelling of the injection site were observed. The food consumption was decreased with a statistical significance at 6 and 12 weeks treatment in males of 7.6 mg/kg. At 0.0375, 0.15 and 0.6 mg/kg, body weights were decreased significantly in a dose-related fashion after 17 weeks treatment. Total white blood cell counts for male dogs at 0.6 mg/kg were lower than those of control dogs after 13 weeks treatment, which appeared mainly due to decreased neutrophils. At 0.15 mg/kg, testicular atrophy was found in all males by gross pathology and the testicular weights were significantly decreased when compared to those of control males. Microscopically, the testis showed moderate atrophy of the seminiferous tubules and marked decrease in number of spermatozoa in the epididymal tubules. At 0.6 mg/kg, petechia or echymotic hemorrhage was observed in gastrointestinal tract, heart, lungs, and other organs at the necropsy, Marked atrophy of thymus were observed in both males and females. In addition, severe testicular atrophy was noted in all males. Microscopically, gastrointestinal tract showed hemorrhage, epithelial denudation, hypermucus secretion, and atrophy of intestinal villi. Seminiferous tubules of the atrophic testis were lined with Sertoli cells only and devoid of germ cells. Severe oligospermia or aspermia was present in the epididymal tubules. Bone marrow showed marked depletion of hemopoietic cells. In addition, marked atrophy was found in the lymphoid tissue of gastrointestinal tract, various Iymph nodes, and thymus. Injection sites showed marked inflammatory response with necrosis, necrotizing vasculitis, thrombus formation, and ulceration in the skin. According to the present results, no observed effect level appeared to be 0.0375 mg/kg. At 0.15 mg/kg, testis was a target organ, while at 0.6 mg/kg hemopoietic tissue, gastrointestinal tract, and testis were considered to be target organs. At 0.6 mg/kg the test compound seems to inflict a damage on the blood vessels causing hemorrhage in the various organs and tissues.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.6 s.73
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• pp.904-908
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• 2005

Recently the pathological actions of CagA of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) on gastric epithelial cells have been reported. CagA is directly injected into the host cytoplasm and undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation in the cells. In addition, translocated CagA forms a physical complex with SHP-2. There are two major CagA subtypes according to the amino acid sequence in the 3'region of CagA; i) the East Asian type (A-B-D of EPIYA motifs) and ii) the Western type (A-B-C of EPIYA motifs). Repeated EPIYA motifs in the 3'region of CagA are involved in the interaction with SHP-2. The East Asian type conferred stronger SHP-2 binding activity than the Westrrn type of CagA. Here we analyzed the amino acid sequences of the SHP-2 binding site of cagA gene in H. pyzori, and investigated whether there is my relationship between the diversities of cagA and the disease out-come in Korea. Most of Korean H. pylori strains showed A-B-D motifs(the East Asian type), and only one strain showed A-B-B-D motifs. In Korea, the incidence of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer is significantly high compared with Western countries. The high frequency of the East Asian type CagA among Korean H. pylori strains would be involved in increasing the risk of gastric cancer in Korean populations.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.239-252
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• 2021

Objectives : This study is to effect of improving muscle atrophy through water extract on the solid-phase fermentation extraction with Phellinus linteus of discarded Schisandra chinensis in an atorvastatin-induced atrophy C2C12 cell. Methods : C2C12 myoblast were differentiated into myotube by 2% horse serum medium for 6 days, and then treated solid-phase fermentation(S-P) extract at different concentrations for 24h. To investigate the effect of S-P extract on the induction of muscle atrophy and expression of atrophy-related genes and apoptosis in differentiated C2C12 myotubes using a GSH, ROS, real-time PCR, western blots analysis. Results : As a result of treatment with atorvastatin at concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 uM on the 6th day of differentiation in C2C12 myotube cells, it was confirmed that the cell morphology was damaged in a concentration-dependent manner, and the length and thickness of the myotube also decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with S-P extract (50, 100 and 200 ㎍/㎖) increased of GSH and inhibited ROS in the atorvastatin-induced muscle atrophy cell model at a concentration that did not induce toxicity. In addition, it was confirmed that it has an effect on muscle reduction by inhibiting apoptosis of muscle cells as well as being involved in protein production and degradation of muscle cells. Conclusions : Atorvastatin-induced atrophy C2C12 cell, S-P extract activates related to differentiation/generation and proteolysis, and inhibits cell death of atrophy in C2C12 cell. Based on this, it is necessary to prove its effectiveness through animal models and human application test, but it is considered to be discarded Schisandra chinensis can present the potential for development as a recycling industrial material.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.304-311
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• 2019

After the teeth were extracted, maxillary and mandibular alveolar ridges show the opposite resorption pattern and as a result, the mandibular arch is enlarged than maxillary arch relatively. In this situation, we should evaluate both alveolar ridge relationship and arrange the artificial teeth properly for stability of removable prosthesis. This case is a 77 years old male patient who wishes to make removable prosthesis and has atrophic alveolar ridge. By use of model scanner and CAD software, the angle between interalveolar crest line and occlusal plane was easily measured. Depending on the measurement, the artificial teeth are arranged in unilateral cross bite and after completion, patient was satisfied with the denture which showed proper stability, retention, support.