• 환경영향평가
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.217-225
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to promote the status of environmental education and environmental awareness among employees in company levels. To achieve the study purpose we measured the infrastructure of companies (e.g., re-education programs and social contribution activities) and how these enhance environmental awareness to the employees. The survey was conducted by questioning 100 company employees. The questionnaire was composed of two parts : 1) environmental pollution and 2) nature conservation. The Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA was applied to compare groups. The results can be summarized as follows : First, the environmental education for employees in companies is insufficient; however, environmental education should be necessary and the employees provided with environmental education by their companies appeared to be highly satisfied (p<0.05) than groups without appropriate environmental education. Second, volunteer workers for participating environmental education programs and events are rare; however, employees who participated in volunteer efforts scored the highest in environmental awareness. Third, those that participated in environmental education programs and volunteer works were ranked the highest in environmental awareness (p<0.05) in 10 categories of questions. Based on the study, the environmental education and the volunteer work appeared to be effective tools in boosting environmental awareness among company workers. In conclusion, environment oriented volunteer work is an effective way to improve environmental awareness toward adults.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.511-524
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• 2017

This study was carried out for the purpose of creating a restoration plan to improve the ecological quality of the Changwon and Nam streams. Based upon the results of comprehensive diagnostic assessment, restoration priority was given to the upstream reach, where conservation status is relatively superior. Restoration level was usually determined to practice active restoration as conservation, and the states of both Changwon and Nam streams were not so good. Restoration plans, by reach, were classified into "upstream", "midstream", and "downstream" were suggested in both terms of horizontal section frame and vegetation-based on the result of diagnostic assessment and the reference information. "Upstream", "mid-stream" and the "downstream" of Changwon and Nam streams were classified into "small-gravel- mountainous", "small-sand-plain", and "small-clay-plain streams" respectively (based on scale, and substrate and slope of river bed). The spatial arrangement of vegetation was laid out in diagram form by reflecting micro-topography and the water level of the horizontal section of river. Information regarding species composition was recommended as dominant species, which appear frequently in three vegetation zones composed of herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees and sub-tree- dominated zones divided by reflecting disturbance regime, depending on position on the horizontal section of river. Moreover, there have been prepared not only plans to improve the terrestrial ecosystems around the streams but also plans to create ecological networks, which can serve to improve the ecologic quality of the whole regional environment by serving to connect streams and terrestrial ecosystems, a process probably necessary and definitely recommended to realize true (genuine) restoration. Plans for ecological parks and networks were prepared by mimicking the species composition of Alnus japanica community, Zelkova serrata community, Carpinus laxiflora community, Quercus aliena community, and Q. serrata community.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.128-138
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• 2013

특산식물 금강초롱꽃의 국제단위 IUCN 적색목록의 평가를 시도하기 위해, GIS를 이용하여 분포도를 작성하고 분포면적과 점유면적을 계산하였다. 2011년과 2012년, 2년간 현장조사를 한 결과 성숙개체는 4개 지역에서 269개체(2011년), 3개 지역에서 216개체(2012)를 확인하였는데, 기존 알려진 20여개의 서식지를 고려한다면 전체 성숙개체는 1,000개체 이상으로 추정된다. 분포면적은 12,742 $km^2$, 점유면적은 76 $km^2$이고 추정되는 성숙개체 수에 근거한 평가 결과, 금강초롱꽃은 위기종(EN)으로 판정되었다. 국내 희귀식물의 보전지위 평가에 있어 IUCN 국제평가기준을 적용시키기 어려웠던 이유는 국내의 생물학적 정보 확보 노력의 부족과, IUCN 범주 및 기준의 낮은 이해도 때문인 것으로 판단한다. 개별 종의 정확한 보전지위 평가를 위해서는 개체군 생태학적 정보를 축적해야 하며, IUCN 평가 절차를 준수해야 한다.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 토지적성평가 평가결과의 정확성을 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 지표값 측정 및 임계치 설정을 중심으로 현 제도에서 적용하고 있는 평가방법과 이를 개선할 수 있는 방안을 검토하고, 사례지역을 대상으로 두 가지 방법을 적용함으로써 기존의 방법에 비해 지니는 효과를 파악하였다. 구체적인 분석과정은 1) 공간적 입지특성에 대한 거리측정시 저항을 고려한 분석, 2) 보전적성값 산정시 물리적 특성지표에 적용되는 귀속도 함수의 임계치 설정에 따른 평가결과를 측정하였다. 평가결과 첫째, 저항을 고려한 측정방법이 단순한 직선거리에 의한 방법에 비해 하천이나 임야 등 접근성이 떨어지는 지역적 특성을 보다 잘 반영하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 대상지역의 최고값을 최대임계치로 설정하는 현재의 방법이 지표의 측정값 분포를 고려한 임계치 설정 때보다 상대적으로 평가절하된 점수값을 도출할 수 있음을 예측할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 인공위성영상자료를 평가결과에 중첩시켜 보았을 때 본 연구의 방법에 의한 적성등급이 현황과 보다 잘 부합하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 제시한 평가방법은 토지적성평가 결과의 정확성을 향상시켜 준다는 점에서 의의가 크다. 더불어 그간 제도의 시행과정에서 나타난 문제점--평가단위의 문제, 평가절차상의 문제, 기초자료 정비의 문제 등--이 보완된다면 국토 및 도시정책 수립시 이를 효과적으로 지원할 수 있는 공간의사결정지원체계(SDSS)로서도 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2018

생태네트워크는 일반적으로 핵심지역, 완충지역, 코리더 등으로 구분될 수 있으며, 특히 핵심지역이나 생태적 코리더를 연결하기 위한 완충지역은 생태 네트워크의 지속성을 보호하고 외부로부터의 충격을 완충시키는 역할을 한다. 생태적 가치 및 보호적 가치가 높은 자원과 관련된 완충지역 설정에 대한 연구 및 관련법 등을 검토한 결과, 완충지역 설정에 대한 구체적인 연구가 더 필요한 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구에서는 국내외 완충지역을 설정하기 위한 기준을 제시한 다양한 분야의 사례를 조사하고, 철도환경영향평가 결과서 및 철도건설지침을 기준으로 철도개발지에 적용할 수 있는 활용방안을 분석하여 이를 평가하기 위한 항목으로 토지피복현황, 종다양성, 희귀성, 연계성을 제안하였다. 이를 통해 철도개발지 주변의 환경생태적 가치를 검토하여 철도 건설로 인한 환경 훼손 등 영향을 저감하고자 하였다.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2017

Prangos fedtschenkoi (Regel et Schmalh.) Korovin (Apiaceae) is an endemic species for mountainous Middle Asia, which is both a rare and useful plant. Organic extractions from this species are being used in pharmaceutics and cosmetology. In recent years, P. fedtschenkoi distribution area has considerably decreased, presumably, resulting from human activities such as agriculture, construction works, overgrazing and collection from wild for pharmaceutic purposes. Six populations were found in Uzbekistan and their genetic divergence and differentiation were studied with 10 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers, selected out of 101. Totally 166 amplified ISSR fragments (loci) were revealed, of which 164 were polymorphic. Relatively moderate level of polymorphism was found at population level with polymorphic bands ranging from 27.71% to 47.59%. Mean P = 39.05%, $N_a=1.40$, $N_e=1.25$, S.I. = 0.21, and $H_e=0.14$ were revealed for all loci across six populations. AMOVA showed higher variation among populations (62%) than within them (38%). The Bayesian model determined 5 clusters, or genetic groups. The posteriori distribution of the Theta II estimator detected full model identifying high inbreeding, intensified by low gene flow (Nm = 0.3954). Mantel test confined population 6 as distinct cluster corresponding to geographic remoteness (R = 0.5137, $p{\leq}0.005$). Results were used as the bases for developing conserve measures to restore populations.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.31-46
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• 2021

In South Korea, there is a growing domestic need for a biotope map which contains ecological and environmental geographic information of a city. After the production of a Urban Ecological Maps(biotope map) by the Seoul metropolitan government in 2000, Natural Environment Conservation Act was revised in 2017 to make it mandatory for a local government to draw up its own urban ecological map. The aim of the present study was to find out ways to utilize an urban ecological map as a mean of communication between natural environment planning and urban planning sectors in a preliminary stage before introducing a big framework of 'environmental and ecological planning.' The northern area of Incheon metropolitan city was selected as the target area for this study. The major research content includes a comparative analysis of special-purpose zones, urban planning zones, restricted development zones, and conservation forests with focus on biotope types and Grades 1 of 'Biotope Type Assessment.' Farmland biotopes and forest biotopes within an area designated as an urban zone (residential, commercial and industrial zones) need to be redesignated as a zone which can conserve them. Especially considering a high possibility of damage to a large scale of natural green areas, these areas need to be readjusted immediately. If the entire area designated as an urban planning zone is to be developed, it is likely to cause serious damage to natural biotopes in the area (56.2%), including farmland biotope (30.4%), forest biotope (15.0%) and grassland biotope (10.8%), and thus, readjustment is needed. In case of a conservation forest, as it can possibly be damaged by the designation of special-purpose zones, it is necessary to match the designation of conservation forests or a special-purpose zones with their biotope types. In conclusion, we present a variety of thematic maps for utilization of an urban ecological map and propose a phase-specific environmental and ecological plan. Phase 1 is the establishment of a urban plan in consideration of ecological status; Phase 2 is the independent establishment of an environmental and ecological plan by an environment department; Phase 3 is an integrated management of ecological planning system and urban planning system.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 시화호 외측 해역 주상 퇴적물 내 미량금속의 수직분포 특성과 오염도를 평가하였다. LNG 기지 인근에서 상대적으로 높은 미량금속 농도를 보였으며, 퇴적물 주상퇴적물 내 미량금속의 평균농도는 Cr 58.8 mg/kg, Co 10.3 mg/kg, Ni 22.8 mg/kg, Cu 18.1 mg/kg, Zn 74.0 mg/kg, As 6.75 mg/kg, Cd 0.14 mg/kg, Pb 27.4 mg/kg, Hg 0.026 mg/kg 이었다. 시화호 외측 퇴적물 내 Cu, Zn, As, Cd의 평균 농축계수는 1.5를 초과하여 인위적인 오염이 있었음을 시사하고 있었다. 농집지수를 이용한 결과, 대부분의 미량금속 원소가 오염되지 않은 것으로 나타났으나 LNG 기지 인근인 정점 C, D, E에서 Cu 및 Hg의 농집지수가 1을 초과하고 있어 약간 오염된 결과를 보였다. LNG 기지 인근지역에서 일부 미량금속이 약간 오염된 결과를 보였으나, 측정된 모든 미량금속이 입도 보정이 가능한 Al과 매우 양호한 양의 상관성을 나타내고 있어 시화호 외측 퇴적물 내에서 미량금속 농도는 오염원의 영향보다는 퇴적물의 입도에 큰 영향을 받고 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 국내 퇴적물 기준인 주의기준과 관리기준과의 비교를 통하여 시화호 외측에서의 퇴적물 내 미량금속 농도는 대부분 저서생물에 영향을 주지 않는 안전한 농도임을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 Cr과 Cu는 외국의 주의기준(TEL) 기준을 초과하고 있어 주의가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.291-296
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• 2010

Population ecological characteristics of growth and mortality play an important role in understanding the population dynamics of marine mammals. The instantaneous coefficients of natural and bycatch mortality were estimated for minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) in Korean waters using a population assessment model composed of bycatch and abundance data. The survivorship curve of this population was fitted to the data, and then the curve was revised using age-specific relative bycatchability coefficients ($q_t$). Instantaneous coefficients of natural and bycatch mortality of minke whales were estimated as 0.024/year and 0.076/year, respectively, and from this the survival rate was estimated as 0.905. This estimated survival rate was comparable to other cetaceans in other regions. The $q_t$ for this population ranged from 0.020 to 0.193. The revised survival rates were higher when the $q_t$ was taken into account. The mortality coefficient, survival rate, $q_t$ and survivorship curves had not previously been determined for minke whale in this area. This estimate could serve as fundamental information to assess the status of this population and for conservation and rational management.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.149-163
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• 2015

The aim of the present study was to assess the variation in species composition and diversity of woody species at different altitudes (900 to 2600 m asl) in Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary (KWLS) and its adjoining areas in Garhwal Himalaya, India. A total of 94 woody plant species (including 44 tree and 50 shrub species) belonging to 72 genera and 44 families were reported. Density varied from $235{\pm}9$ to $505{\pm}21trees\;ha^{-1}$ and $4,730{\pm}474$ to $9,530{\pm}700shrubs\;ha^{-1}$. Total basal cover varied from $10.49{\pm}0.66$ to $42.92{\pm}2.57m^2ha^{-1}$ (trees) and $0.36{\pm}0.024$ to $0.62{\pm}0.047m^2ha^{-1}$ (shrubs). Shannon-Wiener Index fluctuated between 2.30 to 3.53 (trees) and 2.74 to 3.78 (shrubs). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that altitude and aspect had significant effect on the distribution of woody species. Taxonomically, Rosaceae with 15 species emerged as the dominant family. Low value of maturity index and contiguous distribution of species denoted the early successional status of the studied forests. The conservation assessment based on altitudinal regimes and the information on species structure and function can provide baseline information for monitoring and sustaining the biodiversity.