• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.647-654
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• 2012

Objectives : To propose the data for prevention of oral health problems through assessment on the knowledge, cognition and practice about oral health care of the clients who visit dental clinics. Methods : The subjects were total 400 clients from the four dental clinics in Busan city. Their knowledge, cognition and performances about oral healthcare collected with questionnaire survey from February to March, 2011. The rate and mean compared by chi-square test, t-test, and ANOVA. Results : Mean level of their knowledge, recognition and practice were 72.5, 80.2, and 65.6, respectively. Theses levels were higher in women (p<0.01), in the group of higher interested (p<0.001), immediately treated (p<0.001), correct tooth brushing (p<0.05), toothbrushing educated (p<0.001), take regular scaling (p<0.001), use assistant hygiene items (p<0.001), instead no differences by age and education level. And, the rate of correct toothbrushing was higher as 1.24 (1.03~1.50) times in the group with higher knowledge level, the rate of immediate treatment and regular scaling were higher as 1.35 (1.07~1.70) times, and 2.26 (1.41~3.64) times in the group with higher recognition level, respectively. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that insufficient knowledge and recognition of oral health care are related to a lack of its practice. Though their primary goal of the visits was treatment, the clients' attention needed to raise the comprehensive knowledge and recognition levels for their oral health promotion, especially reach to the performance level rather than simple knowledge acquisition. And more, to achieve the efficient oral health promotion, the importance of early treatment and strengthened efforts for prevention should be emphasized.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.215-223
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• 2012

The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the consumption behavior of housewives in the Jeonju area with respect to their use of environmentally-friendly agricultural products(EAPs) and to assess the need for EAPs in childcare centers also in the Jeonju area. Self-administered questionnaires were given to and collected from 278 housewives 42.4% of whom employed and 57.6% were unemployed. Statistical data analysis was performed on the data collected using SPSS v. 12.0. The average score of awareness about EAPs was $3.57{\pm}0.56$. The percentage of subjects who purchased EAPS was 76.3% regularly. On this group, 40.3% purchased EAPs 1~2 times in week. Unemployed housewives purchased more than employed housewives by a statistically significant margin(p<0.05). The most-purchased EAPs were vegetables. The average satisfaction score that housewives reported in relation to foodservice provided in childcare centers was $3.66{\pm}0.58$. About 65% of the respondents felt that the EAPs-foodservice in childcare centers was an important factor for them in choosing of a childcare centers. Approximately 42% of the housewives responded that EAPs-foodservice in childcare centers was needed to improve the safety of foodservice provided in chidcare centers. The percentage of subjects who wanted to expand EAPs-foodservice in childcare centers even though the parents would have to bear some of the financial burden was 42.5%. A higher proportion of employed housewives wanted to expand EAPs-foodservice in childcare centers more than unemployed housewives, and this finding was statistically significant(p<0.05).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.4 no.3 s.11
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• pp.53-58
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• 2000

It was carried out consequence analysis(CA) of CNG (compressed natural gas) service station and we compared the results of CA of CNG service station with LPG service station which was installed by high Pressure gas law. The results of CA were that distance of CNG LFL was 1.5 times than the length of LPG LFL. Thermal radiation effect about CNG may not be showed damage of process facilities, but in the case of LPG, it was enough to have an large damage effect on a downtown. The thermal radiation of 37.5 $kw/m^2$ extended 12.6 m. Also, in the case of 12.5 $kw/m^2$ which was able to burn wood, the radiation effect of LPG is 3 times than CNG.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.93-104
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• 2008

study deals with the reliability assesment for the 5-year phases of a suspension bridge construction in Korea. The main objectives of this study are; (1) the evaluation of the reliability of a suspension bridge by considering an ultimate limit state for the fracture of main cable wires, (2) the determination of the critical phases among 28 construction stages for the deck erection, and (3) the evaluation of the reliability of the limit state for the erection control during construction stages. The research and the design of the suspension bridge have been focused on the state of construction mainly based on empirical data. Based on the recent survey of the distribution of accidents in Korean railways, over 80% of the accidents related to the uncertainties in human error, planning, design, materials and loads during construction have ben reported before the completion of construction. While many researches have evaluated the safety of bridges, the uncertainties in the construction phases have not been well treated in a guidelines or a specifications. An improved adaptive response surface method is used for the risk assessment in the construction phases of the target suspension bridge.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.249-254
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• 2014

Background: Delirium after cardiac surgery is associated with serious long-term negative outcomes and high costs. The aim of this study is to evaluate neurobehavioral, hemodynamic, and sedative characteristics of dexmedetomidine, compared with the current postoperative sedative protocol (remifentanil) in patients undergoing open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: One hundred and forty two eligible patients who underwent cardiac surgery on CPB between April 2012 and March 2013 were randomly divided into two groups. Patients received either dexmedetomidine (range, 0.2 to $0.8\;{\mu}g/kg/hr$; n=67) or remifentanil (range, 1,000 to $2,500\;{\mu}g/hr$, n=75). The primary end point was the prevalence of delirium estimated daily via the confusion assessment method for intensive care. Results: When the delirium incidence was compared with the dexmedetomidine group (6 of 67 patients, 8.96%) and the remifentanil group (17 of 75 patients, 22.67%) it was found to be significantly less in the dexmedetomidine group (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between two groups in the extubation time, ICU stay, total hospital stay, and other postoperative complications including hemodynamic side effects. Conclusion: This preliminary study suggests that dexmedetomidine as a postoperative sedative agent is associated with significantly lower rates of delirium after cardiac surgery.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.266-273
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• 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to suggest improvement methods for investigations and systems through a review of musculoskeletal risk factor investigation reports conducted in the workplace. Methods: A total of 34 reports on musculoskeletal risk factor investigations were reviewed. To confirm the appropriateness of the evaluation, reevaluation was conducted through a field investigation using other evaluation tools. In order to understand the effectiveness of the improvement plan, a survey was conducted with those in charge of tasks with ergonomic burdens. Results: As a result of performing a field survey using the work sampling method recommended by the KOSHA (Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency) for ten tasks, eight tasks were determined to pose an ergonomic burden. When 30 tasks were evaluated with RULA (rapid entire body assessment), 90% of them were evaluated at a higher level than the results of the workplace survey. Among the improvement measures, only 36% of the field workers affirmed them, and in only 19% of the workplaces were actual improvements made. Conclusions: In order to improve the ergonomic investigation system for risk factors in the ergonomic burden task, it is necessary to secure the objectivity of the evaluation performed by the institution and enable the active participation of workers in improvement activities.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.146-152
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• 2024

Objectives: This prospective observational study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of perioperative airway and ventilatory management in patients undergoing surgery for oral cavity cancer. The study described the frequencies and types of procedures for securing the airway and the duration and types of postoperative ventilatory support. We compared the findings with those of the TRACHY study. Patients and Methods: One hundred patients undergoing oral cavity oncological surgeries were included. Airway assessment included inter-incisor gap, Mallampati class, neck movements, and radiological features. Surgical parameters, postoperative ventilatory support, and complications were documented. Results: The buccal mucosa was the most common cancer site (48.0%), and direct laryngoscopy was deemed difficult in 58.0% of patients. Awake fibreoptic intubation or elective tracheostomy was required in 43.0% of cases. Thirty-three patients were extubated on the table, and 34 patients were successfully managed with a delayed extubation strategy. In comparison with the TRACHY study, variations were observed in demographic parameters, tumour characteristics, and surgical interventions. Our mean TRACHY score was 1.38, and only five patients had a score ≥4. Prophylactic tracheostomy was performed in 2.0% of cases, in contrast to the TRACHY study in which 42.0% of patients underwent the procedure. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the challenges in airway management for oral cavity cancer surgery. While prophylactic tracheostomy may be necessary in specific cases, individualized approaches, including delayed extubation, are preferrable to maximize safety. Our findings contribute to better understanding and managing perioperative challenges in oral cancer patients and highlight the need for personalized strategies. Scoring systems like TRACHY should not be accepted as universally applicable.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.417-426
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• 2024

Shield tunneling method is widely used to build tunnels in complex geological environment. Stability control of tunnel face is the key to the safety of projects. To improve the excavation efficiency or perform equipment maintenance, the excavation chamber sometimes is not fully filled with support medium, which can reduce the load and increase tunneling speed while easily lead to ground collapse. Due to the high risk of the face failure under non-fully support mode, the tunnel face stability should be carefully evaluated. Whether compressive air is required for compensation and how much air pressure should be provided need to be determined accurately. Based on the upper bound theorem of limit analysis, a non-fully support rotational failure model is developed in this study. The failure mechanism of the model is verified by numerical simulation. It shows that increasing the density of supporting medium could significantly improve the stability of tunnel face while the increase of tunnel diameter would be unfavorable for the face stability. The critical support ratio is used to evaluate the face failure under the nonfully support mode, which could be an important index to determine whether the specific unsupported height could be allowed during shield tunneling. To avoid of face failure under the non-fully support mode, several charts are provided for the assessment of compressed air pressure, which could help engineers to determine the required air pressure for face stability.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.217-233
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• 1998

Foodservice management practices in 52 educare centers in Jeonbuk province were evaluated in order to provide basic informations and guidelines for the standardization of foodservice management and facilities in the educare centers. The survey was conducted using the structured questionnaire. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Only 10% of the centers investigated had the stationed dietitian, therefore most of foodservice management was not conducted by a professional personnel. The average number of kitchen employees was 1.3 and significantly different with type(p<0.05) and size(p<0.001) of the centers, which was not enough to meet the regulation. 2. Menu planning was performed mostly(59.6%) by managers and teachers of educare centers. Food items were purchased(94.7%) and recieved(91.6%) by kitchen employees or center managers and teachers. Produced foods were also evaluated(97.7%) and distributed(100%) by kitchen employees or center managers and teachers depending on their experience without any supervision of the professional personnel for the mass production. 3. Among the centers studied, 84.6% of them conducted nutrition education programs regularly by teachers. About 77.3% of them evaluated that these programs did not accomplish the proper training for good food habit because of the lack of nutritional knowledge(54.5%) and educational media(27.3%). 4. In general, the hygienic maintenance was evaluated as fair state to need the improvement. 5. Kitchen facilities and equipments were similar to those of home cooking and did not meet the standards for institutional practices. Besides, automated machinery and tools for safety, sanitation and improvement of work efficiency were far short. 6. Log book for the foodservice management was not prepared properly, which made the systematic planning and operation of the foodservice facilities difficult.

• Mycobiology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.124-128
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• 2012

Multiple treatment modalities, including topical and systemic corticosteroid and phototherapy, have been used in treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis. However, long-term corticosteroid therapy may have various adverse effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of bath therapy using green tea extracts for treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis. A total of four patients with atopic dermatitis were enrolled in this study. A Malassezia multiplex detection kit was used in performance of multiplex PCR on clinical isolates, which confirmed Malassezia sympodialis. Subjects underwent treatment with bath therapy using green tea extracts three times per wk for a period of 4 wk. Assessment using the scoring atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) index, the visual analogue scale for pruritus, and transepidermal water loss was performed weekly. Laboratory tests were performed before and after treatment. All patients showed marked improvement on the mean SCORAD and visual analogue scale, and a significant decrease in the mean values of serum eosinophil counts was observed after treatment. Bath therapy with green tea extract is an effective, safe, and nonsteroidal therapy for treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis associated with Malassezia sympodialis.