• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.356-365
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• 2021

Background: Concerns have been raised regarding the criteria of groundwater, in particular in Gwangwon-do Province where many residents drink groundwater due to the poor supply of tap water and a high nonconformity rate with water quality criteria nationwide. Objectives: Water quality monitoring and risk assessment were conducted for groundwater in Hoengseong, Gangwon-do Province. Methods: A total of 46 items required for meeting drinking water criteria were analyzed from 258 samples collected from March 2017 through August 2018 (152 sites in 2017 and 106 sites in 2018). Risk assessment was conducted for two non-carcinogens (F^- and NO₃-N), and one carcinogen (i.e., arsenic) based on their high nonconformity to water quality criteria. Results: Water quality analysis revealed that the total proportion of nonconformities was determined to be 27.9%. The nonconformity rate for each content item is as follows: total colony counts (1.6%), total coliform (6.2%), Escherichia coli (1.2%), F^- (8.1%), arsenic (4.7%), NO₃-N (8.1%), pH (1.2%), manganese (0.4%), and turbidity (5.8%). Risk assessment indicated that fluoride induced a hazard quotient greater than 1 with the 95% UCL (Upper Confidence Limit) concentration of the total 258 sites and average, median, and 95% UCL concentrations of nonconformity sites. For NO₃-N, there was no human health risk. For arsenic, the excess cancer risk exceeded the acceptable cancer risk of 1×10^-6 with the average and 95% UCL concentrations of total 258 sites and average, median, and 95% UCL concentrations of nonconformity sites. Conclusions: This study suggests that it is necessary to expand water quality monitoring of groundwater and conduct a more detailed risk assessment in order to establish a health care plan for the residents of Hoengseong, Gangwon-do Province.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.142-155
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• 2014

Objectives : The aim of this study was to develop an assessment tool for measurement of children's functioning in the mental health service. We conducted a preliminary study to develop a sensitive and inclusive scale focused on the functional changes of children rather than just focusing on their symptoms or screening. Methods : The Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale and the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL) were both administered to 134 parents of children with emotional or behavioral problems who participated in the Aizone program and also to 186 parents of elementary school children in the Seoul metropolitan area as a control group. SPSS version 12.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results : Most of the reliability coefficients were over 0.70 except those of the conduct behavior items, which showed relatively high internal consistency. The corrected item-total correlations ranged from .411 to 758, except those of conduct behavior items and special measure items. In a concurrent validity test with K-CBCL, the total behavior problem score of K-CBCL was highly correlated with the total score of the Child and Adolescent Functional Assesment Scale (r=.610). For the construct validity, confirmatory factor analysis was performed for each of four areas, including behavior (at home/school), achievement, peer relationship, and emotion. Conclusion : The results showed that the scale was statistically reliable and valid, except for conduct behavior items. This study was conducted only for parents with elementary children. An adolescents group should be included in future studies.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.465-475
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the results of physics (optics) in nationwide standardized assessment and to investigate middle-school students' characteristics of achievement by using an option response rate distribution curve. For this purpose, we analyzed the 10 optics problems from the National Assessment of Educational Achievement (NAEA) items for middle school science subject conducted in 2010-2013. The results of this study are as follows; First, students showed a little higher achievement in optics than classical mechanics and electromagnetism. Second, students achieved significantly worse in 'formation of image' in 'light' part and 'variation of phase in propagation of wave' in 'wave' part. Third, students showed a context-dependent problem solving strategy and result. Additionally, we suggested some implications about the readjustment of some optics concepts level of national science curriculum, the need for teaching and learning strategies for basic level students, and the need for teaching and learning strategies focused on the realistic context.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.95-111
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• 2012

The service quality survey for the customers of Gwangyang container port has been done since 2005. It has been difficult to compare annual levels or rival ports because the calculation of weights among service dimensions that is the most important procedure of the assessment systems did not be founded. In particular, the calculation results by the Analytical Hierarchy Process that specializes in estimating the weights were very unstable and not comparable because they were fluctuated annually more than 90% for the specific item. The objective of this study is to support the establishment for new assessment system of service quality with cost- and time-effective tools at Gwangyang port. The confirmatory factor analysis methodology applied to 2007-2009 survey data from the customers of Gwangyang port can estimate ex-post weights to measure annually the stable service quality. The proposed methodology allows us to build the assessment system of more scientific and accurate service quality while reducing the survey items. By this study, a port company can measure accurately the quality of service and improve its competitiveness through being compared to previous periods and leading companies.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.549-558
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate the Needs Assessment Tool for Case Management (NATCM) for use with Korean medical aid beneficiaries. Methods: Psychometric testing was performed with a sample of 645 Korean medical aid beneficiaries, which included 41 beneficiaries who were selected using proportional sampling method, to examine intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Data were evaluated using item analyses, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Cronbach's alpha, and ICC. Results: Through psychometric testing the final version of NATCM was found to consist of two subscales: 1) Appropriateness of Health Care Utilization (5 items) and 2) Self Care Ability (6 items). The two subscale model was validated by CFA (RMSEA=.08, GFI=.97, and CFI=.93). Internal consistency measured by Cronbach's alpha was .82, and subscale reliability ranged from .79 to .84. The ICC of the NATCM between case managers was .73 and between case managers and health care professionals. .82. Conclusion: This study suggests that the final version of NATCM is a brief, reliable, and valid instrument to measure needs of Korean medical aid beneficiaries. Therefore, the NATCM can be effectively utilized as an important needs assessment as well as outcome evaluation tool for case management programs in Korea.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.407-424
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• 2009

This study aims to evaluate psychometric properties of the korean version of the caregiver reaction assessment. A total of 253 family caregivers for older adults with physical or mental impairments are recruited using the purposive sampling method. The psychometric properties of the instrument are tested by item-analysis, exploratory factor analysis(EFA), and convergent and criterion-related validity. The results show that the internal consistency values for the five dimensions of the K-CRA are good. The convergent and criterion-related validity is empirically confirmed. The EFA with the principal component method reveals the factor structure in the observed variables. The findings of the study confirmed that the K-CRA was both reliable and valid. In conclusion, the K-CRA would be useful in clinical and research settings in South Korea.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.486-495
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to develop a Quality of Life(QOL) scale for breast cancer patients in Korea and to test the validity and reliability of the instrument. To achieve the purpose of the study, a questionnaire was developed to interview 10 breast cancer patients and distributed to 155 patients with breast cancer in Korea. For data analysis, SPSS WIN 8.0/PC were used. Item analysis and factor analysis were carried out to test validity of the QOL scale. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ and Guttman split half coefficient were used to test reliability of the scale. The results were as follows; As a result of the item analysis, 27 items were selected from the total of 34 items. 6 factors were selected by factor analysis. Six factors were labeled as 'response to cancer diagnosis and treatment', 'family well-being', 'physical concerns', 'psychological well-being', 'spiritual well-being', and 'economic concerns'. Six factors were explained by 72.236% out of the total variance. The first factor explained 20.738% and the second factor explained 16.593%, which were major factors for Korean breast cancer patients. Chronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient of the tool was .9120, and Guttman split-half coefficient was .8148. The scale was identified to be a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity. Therefore, this scale can be effectively utilized for assessment of Quality of Life of patients with breast cancer in Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.29-40
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• 2023

The need for improvement is raised due to limitations with environmental impact assessment, and the importance for data-based environmental impact assessment is increasing. In this study, data demand was derived by analyzing Agreed Terms and Conditions in the Water Environment field (Water Quality, Hydraulic & Hydrologic Conditions, and Marine Environment) of environmental impact assessment. Agreed Terms and Conditions on environmental impact assessment in the water environment field were classified and categorized by environmental impact assessment stage (addition to status survey, impact prediction and evaluation, establishment of reduction measures, post-environmental impact survey), and data demand for each type of consultation opinion was linked. As a result of the categorization of Agreed Terms and Conditions, it was classified into 18 types in the water quality, 15 types in the hydraulic & hydrologic conditions, and 17 types in the marine environment. As a result of linking data demand, the total number of data demand was 236 in the water quality, 98 in the hydraulic & hydrologic conditions, and 73 in the marine environment. The highest number of Agreed Terms and Conditions and data demands were found in the water quality for the evaluation item and establishment of reduction measures, specifically establishment of non-point source pollution reduction measures, for the stage. The numbers were judged to be linked to the relative importance of the items and the primary purpose of environmental impact assessment. The derivation of data demand through the analysis of Agreed Terms and Conditions in the environmental impact assessment can contribute to the advancement of the preparation of environmental impact assessment reports and is expected to increase data utilization by various decision-makers by establishing a systematic database.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.159-172
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• 2005

Purpose: The Purpose of this study was to development a verbal abuse scale for operating room nurses in Korea. Method: To achieve the purpose of the study, a questionnaire was developed to interview 30 nurses and distributed to 761 nurses who working at 28 general hospital in Korea from september 7 to November 25, 2004. Item analysis and factor analysis were carried out to validate violence predicting scale. Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was used to test reliability of the scale. The data were analyzed by using SPSS/WIN 11.5 program. Result: As a result of the item analysis and factor analysis, 17 items were selected from the total of 30 items, and four factors were labeled as 'self esteem abuse by nurses(7 items)', 'self esteem abuse by physicians(6 items)', 'sexual abuse by physicians(2 items)', 'colleague abuse by physicians(2 items)'. Four factors were explained by 60.8% out of the total variance. The first factor explained 35.456%, second factor explained 12.401% and third factor explained 6.637%. And fourth factor explained 6.304%. Reliability of the factors were tested by Cronbach's Alpha coefficient and result was 0.885. Conclusion: The scale was identified to be a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity. Therefore, this scale can be effectively utilized for assessment of verbal abuse for operating room nurses by nurses and physicians in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.149-168
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze the home economics education items in the teacher recruitment examination for secondary school. To achieve the purpose, all the home economics education items, which were carried out for seven times from the school year 2001 to the most recent year 2007, were compared and analyzed. The form of items was analyzed by frequency and rate. Behavioral domain of items was analyzed by content analysis. In this study, some recommendations were suggested for the quality of home economics education items through discussion of science education and society education items, which were abstracted from the school year 2001 to the most recent year 2007. The results of this study were as follows. First, the score ratio of home economics education items was fluid as 20-30% from the school year 2001 to 2004 but it fixed as 30-35% since the school year 2005. In subcategory of home economics education, curriculum items accounted for highest ratio(43%). In the next thing, items of teaching-learning method(35%), evaluation(19%) and philosophy(3%) related to home economics education were followed in order. Second, the form of home economics education items was coexistent form of single item and subordinate item from the school year 2001 to 2004. But it was changed into form of single item by 100% since the school year 2005. Third, regarding the content of home economics education items, most of the curriculum items were related to the content of the 7th National Curriculum. Teaching-learning method items were taken mostly from model of teaching-learning. Evaluation items were taken mostly from performance assessment. Philosophy items related to home economics education were taken only from Habermas's three systems of action on the school year 2005. Fourth, about behavioral domain of home economics education items, most of the curriculum items were level of 'simple knowledge or memory'. Therefore, it was suggested that behavioral domain of curriculum items had to be changed into 'complex knowledge or comprehension and application'. The behavioral domain of teaching-learning method items and education evaluation items was mostly 'complex knowledge or comprehension and application'. However, to bettering the items it was suggested that the behavioral domain of them has to be changed 'comprehension' into more 'application'. Fifth, regarding the coverage of home economics education items, curriculum items were limited only superficial content of the 7th National Curriculum. Therefore, it was suggested that coverage of curriculum items had to be extended to theoretical content, which was philosophical background and various principles of curriculum. It was suggested that coverage of teaching-learning method items had to be extended to the content including various teaching-learning theories and the practical reasoning home economics instruction proved effective as home economics instruction recently. Evaluation items were taken mostly from performance assessment. Therefore, it was suggested that coverage of evaluation items had to be extended to analysis of evaluation result, item validity and reliability, and evaluator's philosophical perspective.