• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1582-1592
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to suggest production planning model for women's apparel manufacturer, which are relevant to the situation of Korean clothing industry. The research was based on simulation method. The basic model for the simulation was developed based on the empirical data from six production fm. After verifying the basic model, low alternative production plans went through trial run. In order to suggest the application of these alternative production plans for various style numbers and lot sizes, the simulation results were compared in terms of product efficiency and product cost. The four alternative plans were as follows: 1. The first alternative was to spread out work loads among workers in order to resolve bottlenecks in work flow. So this was suited to manufacturers that had constant production without regard to changing seasons. 2. The second alternative was to merge the skirt and trouser production, which require less work load, in one line. In this line, a few machine was justified by production improvement. It was suited to cases which producted various style suits. The third and fourth alternative were using another subcontractor for assembling inner shell garments. These was compatible in manufacturers which had to product more styles and sizes of trousers and skirts than those of upper garments. 3. The third alternative was to reassign the same workers in production line. Thus, production was increased. 4. The fourth alternative was to except two worker in production line, so expenses of worker's wage was decreased. The four alternatives could be one of the cost effective manufacturing plans according to manufacturer situations.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.714-719
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• 2000

In this paper, an application program is made to simulate the behavior of a ship block under various crane works and to generate data of lu9 reactions and wire tensions. The program is based on a CAD program, Pro/ENGINEER. A ship is composed of more than 100 ship blocks. In order to lift, move, turn, or put a ship block at a convenient location fur assembling, workers in a shipyard use cranes, wires, and lugs temporarily attached to the block. In the procedure of lifting and turning a ship block with a crane, it is important to find suitable lug points and wires to do the handling efficiently and prevent accidents. Evaluation of forces in lugs and wires is necessary, but the problem is rather complex due to nonlinearity and nonuniqueness. In the present development, the nonlinear system of equations for quasi-static equilibriums is derived and a Newton type solution method is adopted to solve the system. The importance of initial estimates to the solution is illustrated and two approaches are utilized and compared. With the program developed, users can assign lug points on the CAD model by mouse and choose various linking devices at each crane point. Users can try to simulate the motion for any prescribed conditions, compare the motion of the block and the reactions and choose appropriate lug points and the type of wires and lugs.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.223-236
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to improve the sanitary management of school foodservice. A survey questionnaire was administered to 153 dietitians from elementary, middle and high schools in the Daejeon area. The questions were categorized into four fields: 'General characteristics', 'Facility and equipment set up at the schools studied', 'Performance of CCP(criticai control point)s' and 'Reasons of barriers to HACCP(hazard analysis of critical control points) implementation'. The results were as follows. Most of the subjects were the dietitians of elementary school(56.9%), were university graduates(51.0%) and were in their thirties(58.2%). The average length of their career had been 5.8 years. The average ratio of students per dietitian was 1,163. The average ratio of students per full-time employee was 124. The ratio of self-operated management was 90.2 %. The CCP7(assembling and serving) received the highest performance score, while the performance score of CCP2(management of potentially hazardous foods) was the lowest. Eighty-four percent of the surveyed school foodservices did not have pre-preparation rooms. The school foodservice operations were not well equipped with hot/cold holding equipments. Self-operated management scored higher on almost all sections(CCP1-CCP7). Contracted management scored highest on CCP8. The higher the age and career of the subject were, the higher were all the CCP performance scores. The reasons of barriers to HACCP implementation were lack of understanding of standards CCP1 and CCP2, workers' lack of cooking knowledge, and lack of information about school foodservice.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.165-178
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• 2011

A gigantic ship is constructed by assembling various types of ship blocks, each block being made by cutting and piecing the steel-plates together. The steel-plate piling process as the initial stage of ship construction sorts and manages the steel-plates according to the ship blocks that the steel-plates are used to make. The steel-plate piling process poses some problems such as process delay due to piling errors, safety vulnerability due to the handling of extra heavy-weight objects, and the uncertainty of work plan due to lack of information management in the pile spaces. We constructed a steel-plate piling process system based on the context-aware computing to resolve such problems. We built simulation system that can simulate the piling process and then established a smart space within the system by using tags, sensors and a real-time location system in order to collect context information. Workers receive an appropriate or intelligent service from the system.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.334-345
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• 2009

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the management status of chronic disease at community health centers. Methods: The study subjects were 450 employed persons at community health centers in Jeonlanamdo. General characteristics, status of chronic disease management and health education were collected for statistical analysis. The differences on management status among working areas were assessed with chi-square test and ANOVA. Results: The mean values of work duration were 18.7 years in rural, 14.4 years in fishing village, and 17.4 years in urban-rural, respectively. The number of management registration was highest in hypertension. The ways of disease management were medication check-up, diet stopping smoking. The contents of group health education were exercise, diet and prohibition of smoking. The place of health education was town assembling hall. The fields which officials wanted to be educated were symptom, diagnosis, treatment and complication. The most important field was early detection of chronic disease patients and health education. Finally, the field requiring support was work standardization. Conclusions: Community health workers have worked positively in chronic disease management. The barriers to work were the lack of professional and preliminary data. The support system with other health organ and health education were needed for the improvement of working ability.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.19 no.1 s.19
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• pp.16-30
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• 1986

In order to prepare the fundamental data for the improvement of noisy working environments and the effective hearing conservation program on workers exposed to industrial noise, the authors surveyed the working processes and evaluated the noise levels on 56 manufacturing industries in Pusan area from April to July in 1985. The results were summarized as follows : 1. The noise level was the highest in shipbuilding and repairing(95.6 dBA), and followed by steel rolling(94.0 dBA), manufacture of motor vehicles(93.1 dBA), manufacture of fishing nets(92.9 dBA), manufacture of testiles(92.5 dBA), iron and steel foundries(89.3 dBA), manufacture of metal products(89.1 dBA), preserving and processing of marine foods(87.0 dBA), manufacture of rubber products(85.3 dBA), manufacture of plywood(84.9 dBA) and manufacture of paints(84.5 dBA). 2. Among fifty surveyed working processes, the noise level of twenty-one processes (42%) exceeded the threshold limit value for 8 hours per day. 3. As the allowable exposure times by governmental threshold limit values to industrial noise level(dBA), cocking of shipbuilding and repairing and plating(CGL) of steel rolling were the shortest(30 minutes), and followed by assembling(rivet) of manufacture of motor vehicles(1 hour) weaving of manufacture of textiles and shot, machine, pipe laying of shipbuilding and repairing(2 hours). 4. By the result of octave band analysis on noisy working processes in excess of 90 dBA, the sound level was the highest at 2,000 Hz or 4,000 Hz. 5. It was recognized that the measurement of overall sound pressure level was also effective as octave band analysis in evaluating the industrial noise.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 2015

Purpose: Time of operation has been reduced and accuracy of operation has been improved since C-arm, which offer real-time image of patient, was introduced in operation room. However, because of the contamination of patient, C-arm could not be used more appropriately. Therefore, this study is to know factors of controlling exposure dose, image quality and the exposed dose of health professional in operation room. Materials and methods: Height of Wilson frame (bed for operation) was fixed at 130 cm. Then, Model 76-2 Phantom, which was set by assembling manual of Fluke Company, was set on the bed. Head/Spine Fluoroscopy AEC mode was set for exposure condition. According to detector size of C-arm, the absorbed dose per min was measured in the 7 steps OFD (cm) from 10 cm to 40 cm (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 cm). In each step of OFD, the absorbed dose per min of same diameter of collimation was measured. Moreover, using Nero MAX Model 8000, exposure dose per min was measured according to 3 step of distance from detector (20 cm, 60 cm, 100 cm). Finally, resolution was measured by CDRH Disc Phantom and magnification of each OFD was measured by aluminum stick bar. Result: According to detector size of C-arm, difference of absorbed dose shows that the dose of 20 cm OFD is 1.750 times higher than the dose of 40 cm OFD. It means that the C-arm, which has smaller size of detector, shows the bigger difference of absorbed dose per min (p<0.05). In the difference of absorbed dose in the same step of OFD (from 20 cm to 40 cm), the absorbed dose of 9 inch detect or C-arm was 1.370 times higher than 12 inch' s (p<0.05). When OFD was set to 20 cm OFD, the absorbed dose of non-collimation case was approximately 0.816 times lower than the absorbed dose of collimation cases (p<0.05). When the distance was 20 cm from detector, exposed does includes first-ray and scatter-ray. When the distance was 60 cm and 100 cm from detector, exposed does includes just scatter-ray. So, there was the 2.200 times difference of absorbed does. Finally, when OFD was increased, spatial resolution was 4 to 5 step was increased. However, low contrast resolution was not relative. Moreover, there was 1.363 times difference of magnification (p<0.05). Conclusion: When C-Arm is used, avoiding contamination of patient is more important factor than reducing exposed dose of health professional in operation room. Just controlling exposure time is just way to reduce the exposed does of workers. However, in the case, non-probability influence could be occurred. Therefore, this study proved that the exposed dose will be reduced if the factors such as using small detector size of C-arm, setting OFD from 20 cm to 25 cm and non-collimating. Moreover, dose management of C-arm in the non-interesting area will be considered additionally.