• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.282-289
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• 2001

The study evaluated the effectiveness of intervention for male adolescent smokers by making an assessment in terms of changes in food habits, nutrition knowledge, plasma catalase, superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione peroxidase peroxidase(GSH-px) activities and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) after Vit C supplementation and nutrition education. The subjects, male adolescent smokers, were assigned into four groups : Control group(19 students), education(Educ.) group(19 students), Vit C supplementation (suppl) group(19 students), and Educ. + Vit C suppl. group(19 students). The Educ. group and Educ. + Vit C suppl. group received nutrition education once a week for 2 weeks. The Vit C suppl. group Educ. + Vit C suppl. group received 500 mg ascorbic acid for 35 days. All data were collected before intervention and after intervention. Nutrition knowledge of those who received education increased, and the frequency of fruit and yellow-green vegetable consumption also increased. Plasma antioxidant enzyme activities were not different except for the SOD activity in the Educ. + Vit C suppl. group, which was significantly increased. The plasma ceruloplasmin level of groups that received Vit C supplementation was reduced more than any other groups, and the specific ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity of groups that received Vit C supplementation was elevated more than other groups. These intervention programs had an impact on food habits, nutrition knowledge, plasma antioxidant enzyme activities, and plasma TBARS in male adolescent smokers. Various nutrition education programs must be implemented for adolescent smokers, and further studied are needed regarding sorts and amount of antioxidant nutrients and supplementation duration.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.1435-1447
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• 2012

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of hexaconazole (HEX), a triazole fungicide, on the growth, yield, photosynthetic response and antioxidant potential in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants subjected to UV-B stress. UV-B radiation and HEX were applied separately or in combination to cucumber seedlings. The growth parameters were significantly reduced under UV-B treatment, however, this growth inhibition was less in HEX treated plants. HEX caused noticeable changes in plant morphology such as reduced shoot length and leaf area, and increased leaf thickness. HEX was quite persistent in inhibiting shoot growth by causing a reduction in shoot fresh and dry weight. HEX noticeably recovered the UV-B induced inhibition of biomass production. Significant accumutation in anthocyanin and flavonoid pigments in the leaves occurred as a result of HEX or UV-B treatments. HEX permitted the survival of more green leaf tissue preventing chlorophyll content reduction and higher quantum yield for photosystemII under UV-B exposure. HEX treatment induced a transient rise in ABA levels in the leaves, and combined application of HEX and UV-B showed a significant enhancement of ABA content which activates $H_2O_2$ generation. UV-B exposure induced accumulation of $H_2O_2$ in the leaves, while HEX prevented UV-B induced increase in $H_2O_2$, indicating that HEX serves as an antioxidant agent able to scavenge $H_2O$ to protect cells from oxidative damage. An increase in the ascorbic acid was observed in the HEX treated cucumber leaves affecting many enzyme activities by removing $H_2O_2$ during photosynthetic processes. The activities of antioxidant enzymes including catalase(CAT), ascorbate peroxidase(APX), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) in the leaves in the presence of HEX under UV-B stress were higher than those under UV-B stress alone. These findings suggest that HEX may participate in the enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress. From these results it can be concluded that HEX moderately ameliolate the effect of UV-B stress in cucumber by improving the components of antioxidant defense system.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2008

무모쥐의 피부에 도포한 애엽 추출물과 positive 비교군인 아스코르브산이 피부 조직에 미치는 항산화효과를 조사하였다. 활성산소인 과산화수소의 생성량은 애엽 추출물과 아스코르브산 2%와 5% 도포군에서 유의적으로 감소하였다. 히드록시 라디칼의 생성량은 애엽 추출물 2%와 5% 도포군에서만 유의적인 감소효과가 있었다. 산화적 스트레스의 지표인 산화 단백질의 함량은 모든 애엽 추출물 도포군에서 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 감소($14.6%{\sim}18.5%$)하였으나, 아스코르브산의 경우는 2% 도포군에서만 저해효과가 인지되었다. 과산화지질 생성량은 대조군에 비해 애엽 추출물과 아스코르브산 도포그룹 모두에서 크게 감소하였다. 항산화효소인 카탈라아제의 활성은 애엽 추출물과 아스코르브산 모든 그룹에서 첨가 농도가 증가함에 따라 크게 증가하였으며, 글루타치온 퍼옥시다아제의 활성은 애엽 추출물 도포군은 2%와 5%에서, 아스코르브산의 경우는 모든 그룹에서 유의적인 활성 증가를 보였다. 이상의 결과는 피부 노화 억제기능성 화장품 소재로서 애엽 추출물의 활용 가능성을 제시한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3663-3667
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• 2013

Background: Multiple myeloma is a malignant silent incurable plasma cell disorder. The present study aimed to assessed the activation of the oxidative stress pathway in afected patients Materials and Methods: Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), malondialdehyde (MDA), adenosine deaminase (ADA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels, glutathione, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), ${\alpha}$-tocopherol (vitamin E) in addition to related enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-R) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analyzed in sixty patients with multiple myeloma before and after one month treatment with induction therapy. Results: The results of the study showed a significant elevation in AOPPs, MDA, ADA levels in patients with multiple myeloma before and after treatment in comparison to healthy control samples In contrast TAC glutathione, vitamin C and E, and the antioxidant enzymes levels were decreased significantly. On comparing samples of MM patients after treatment, there was significant increase of TAC glutathione, vitamin C and E, and the antioxidant enzymes in parallel with decreasing AOPPs, MDA and ADA levels in comparison with samples of patients before treatment. Conclusions: The results indicate oxidative stress and DNA damage activity increase in MM and are alleviated in response to therapy.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.309-313
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• 2000

UV-B 증가가 식물의 생장에 미치는 영향과 식물의 생화학적 방어반응을 조사하고자 오이를 이용하여 3단계의 UV-B[일일 평균 $UV-B_{BE}$; 무처리(0.03), 저UV-B(6.42), 고UV-B(11.30) $kJ\;m^{-2}$] 조사 실험을 수행하였다. UV-B 강도가 증가함에 따라 오이식물에 극심한 생육억제, chlorophyll 감소 및 황백화현상이 나타났다. AsA 및 GSH 함량은 UV-B 강도가 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였으나, MDA 함량과 DHA/AsA 및 GSSG/GSH의 비율은 크게 증가하였다. 또한 항산화효소인 SOD, AP, DHAR, GP 등의 활성도 UV-B 조사에 의해 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 UV-B 증가에 의해 오이 식물에 활성산소 생성에 의한 산화스트레스가 일어나며, 이를 무독화하기 위해 식물의 생화학적 방어반응이 작용하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.1271-1277
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• 2000

토마토, 사과, 당근, 아욱, 돌미나리+솔잎, 신선초, 대추, 레몬의 착즙액을 3 : 3 : 3 : 1/2 : 1/2 : 1/2 : 1/2 : 1/5의 비율로 혼합하여 착즙 혼합액을 $96^{\circ}C$에서 15초간 가열살균하거나 한외여과 또는 한외여과액에 $121^{\circ}C$에서 15분간 가열한 한외여과 잔사를 혼합하였다. 각 시료는 병에 담아 밀봉하거나 살균된 film에 담아 질소가스로 충진포장 후 $4^{\circ}$와 $20^{\circ}C$에서 8주간 저장하였다. 제균처리한 주스의 pH는 $4.07{\sim}4.10$, 적정산도는 $66.35{\sim}84.08$, 가용성 고형분은 $7{\sim}9^{\circ}Brix$, 환원당은 $5.42{\sim}6.97%$로 glucose는 $1.96{\sim}2.30%$, fructose는 $3.45{\sim}4.14%$으로 저장기간동안 변화가 없었다. Peroxidase 활성과 미생물은 열처리와 한외여과에 의해 저해되었다. 색도는 한외여과구의 강우 황색을 띄었고, 그외 다른구는 주황색을 나타내었다. 혼합과채주스의 저장 중에 야기되는 갈변현상은 비타민 C의 산화와 그밖의 비효소적 갈변반응에 의해 야기된 것으로 비타민 C의 파괴와 갈변현상은 용기 중의 산소를 질소가스로 치환, 포장하여 저장함으로 줄일 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2013

들깻잎 메탄올추출물(PLME)이 가지는 산화적 스트레스 개선효과를 확인하기 위하여 $H_2O_2$으로 유도된 산화적 스트레스에 대한 HaCaT 피부 각질세포의 보호효과를 조사하였다. 또한 PLME의 항산화 능력을 확인하기 위하여 DPPH, hydroxyl free radical 소거능 및 총 항산화물질(페놀류, 플라보노이드류 및 아스코르브산) 함량을 조사하였다. $H_2O_2$(500 ${\mu}M$)에 의한 산화적 스트레스가 유발된 HaCaT세포에 PLME를 처리한 결과, 농도 의존적으로 세포의 생존율이 증가하였고, 세포 지질과산화물질 MDA의 생성효과는 PLME 처리에 의해 유의적으로 감소하는 것을 관찰하였다. 또한 $H_2O_2$로 인하여 세포내 항산화효소인 SOD, GSH-px와 CAT 등의 활성이 감소된 HaCaT세포에 PLME를 처리했을 때, 이들 효소의 활성이 농도 의존적으로 증가되었다. PLME의 DPPH와 hydroxyl radical 소거능을 측정한 결과, 농도 의존적으로 radical 소거능이 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 50 ${\mu}g/mL$ 이상 농도의 PLME의 DPPH 소거능은 60%의 저해율을 나타낸 천연항산화제인 아스코르브산(50 ${\mu}g/mL$)과 유사한 효과를 보였고, ${\cdot}OH$ radical 소거능은 아스코르브산(50 ${\mu}g/mL$)보다 높은 결과를 나타냈다. 또한 PLME가 함유하고 있는 항산화물질인 폴리페놀류, 플라보노이드류, 아스코르브산의 함량을 측정한 결과 총 페놀류화합물은 $52.2{\pm}1.1$ mg GAE/g, 총 플라보노이드화합물은 $33.7{\pm}4.7$ mg RUE/g, 아스코르브산의 함량은 $17.0{\pm}0.5$ mg AA/g으로 나타났다. HaCaT 세포에서 $H_2O_2$에 의해 발생하는 산화적 스트레스에 대한 보호 효과를 측정한 결과 PLME는 세포 사멸을 방지하고, 세포 지질과산화물질(MDA)의 생성을 억제하여 세포내 항산화효소의 활성을 증가시키는 효과를 가지는 것으로 보인다. 이상의 결과로 들깻잎 메탄올추출물은 인체 피부각질 세포에 대한 보호 작용과 in vitro에서의 항산화 능력이 있는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.34-40
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• 2014

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to investigate the lipid and the antioxidant regulatory potential of a multigrain diet in laboratory animals with reference to lipid profiles, tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status. Methods: Two types of diets, with or without addition of cholesterol, were used in the study - a commercial diet and a formulated multigrain diet (with Sorghum vulgare, Avena sativa, Pennisetum typhoideum, Oryza sativa, Eleusine coracana and Zea mays grains). After a 10-week period of feeding the diets to albino rats the plasma, liver and fecal lipid profiles and the hepatic and renal antioxidant status of the animals that were fed the commercial and the formulated diets (with and without cholesterol addition) were assessed. Results: The commercial diet supplemented with cholesterol elevated the levels of plasma total lipids, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), as well as the atherogenic index (AI). The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) content and the antioxidant profiles (total ascorbic acid, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase reduced glutathione) declined along with increases in lipid peroxidation. The formulated diet (with and without addition of cholesterol) was found to be more efficient than the commercial diet in controlling plasma, hepatic and fecal lipid profiles, as well as hepatic and renal lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status, than of the hypercholesteremic animals. Conclusion: The multigrain diet used in the present study is effective in countering the hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress caused by high cholesterol intake.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.1024-1050
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• 2001

Avian spermatozoa are characterised by high concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), in particular docosatetraenoic (DTA, 22:4n-6) and arachidonic (AA, 20:4n-6) acids. As a result they are vulnerable to lipid peroxidation, which is considered to be an important factor of male infertility. Antioxidant systems are expressed in spermatozoa and seminal plasma and build three major levels of antioxidant defense. The first level is based on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) which is, in conjunction with glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase and metal-binding proteins, responsible for prevention of free radical formation. The second level of defence is responsible for prevention and restriction of chain reaction propagation and includes chain-breaking antioxidants such as vitamin E, ascorbic acid, glutathione and some others. The third level of antioxidant defence deals with damaged molecules, repairing or removing them from the cell and includes specific enzymes such as lipases, proteases, DNA repair enzymes etc. In the review, profiles of PUFAs and the two first lines of antioxidant defence in avian spermatozoa are characterised. Dietary manipulation of the breeder's diet (PUFA, vitamin E and selenium) as an effective means of modulating fatty acid composition and antioxidant system is also considered. Antioxidant properties of seminal plasma and efficiencies of inclusion of antioxidants into semen diluents are also characterised.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2002

Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide and are characterized by increased opacity of the lens that significantly diminishes visual acuity. It has been suggested that increased risk of lens opacities are associated with age, exposure to sunlight, diabetes, smoking, and poor nutrition. Antioxidant nutrients have born demonstrated to protect the lens membrane and protein against damage due to oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant system in the blood of cataract patients. The status of the blood antioxidant system was evaluated based on the levels of antioxidant vitamins and minerals as well as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (M7A) activity in 34 patients with cataracts (17 male and 17 female) and 45 control subjects (20 male and 25 female). After adjusting for age, the results showed significantly lower levels of antioxidant vitamins such as lycopene (M : p < 0.05, F: p < 0.01), zeaxanthin (F: p < 0.01), ${\gamma}$-tocopherol (F: p < 0.01) and ascorbic arid (M: p < 0.05) in the cataract patients than in the control subjects. In contrast, the concentration of cryptoxanthin (F : p < 0.07) showed a significantly higher value in the cataract patients. The serum level of the antioxidant mineral Zn (M : p < 0.01) was found to be significantly lower in the cataract patients while the ratio of cu/zn appeared significantly higher (M : p < 0.05). Significantly higher (M : p < 0.01, F: p < 0.05) concentrations of MDA in serum was found in the cataract patients as compared to the control subjects. GSH-Px activity was significantly lower (F: p < 0.05) in 71e cataract patients. In conclusion, the antioxidant system may play an important roll in cataract creation. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying these findings and to establish preventive measures with an emphasis on antioxidant nutrition for cataract patients.