• KIEAE Journal
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.49-56
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• 2006

The roof among the outer surfaces of buildings is an optimum place to install PV since it is the best favorable part in the building to be exposed to day light. Especially, in case of module of BIPV for Roof, it should have essentially the functions of both electricity generation and roof-finish as a construction material. The followings are the results of the study which has analyzed the architectural conditions and applications thereof at the job site. -The aesthetic function of BIPV module is very important because the roof, mostly located at the top of the buildings, is easily recognized and affects outer interior design of the building a lot. -The heat proof of BIPV for Roof could affect the energy consumption through the roof having a wide area. -For architectural condition to the weather, the roof has to ensure the stability of the weather, humidity proof, and airtightness to the wind respectively. -For architectural condition of the structure, endurance by physical power such as stability of both combining and fixing and transfer of load should be ensured. -For residents protection, it has also architectural functions to secure for the space and shield ozone, UV and noxious substances. -Through its practical applications, It is already confirmed that there are various types of BIPV modules overseas and its application has been proved successfully.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.69-74
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• 2008

This study is to analyze and compare on the sky condition of cloud amount and measured solar horizontal irradiation in Seoul. Sky cover method is determination of sky condition used by cloud amount of the Meteorological Administration. And HCI method is determination of sky condition used by measured solar horizontal irradiation. The HCI methods of Erbs et al.(1982), Orgill and Hollands(1977) appear a lot of error because of the air pollution such as smog phenomenon or yellow sand phenomenon and so on. Therefore, The purpose of this study is to improve the method for determination of sky condition.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.34
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• pp.140-148
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• 2002

This Study is concerned with the present condition and prospect of architectural stained glass in Korea. Stained glass had been architectural art from the origin. But it had declined since the Renaissance era, and began to revive in the early 20th century. The stained glass inflowed with church architecture occasionally by the western missionaries. And it has been developed actively since 1980' with the boom in church building. There are about 30 studios which are making stained glass in Korea, but very few studio work true architectural stained glass. Stained glass is still treated as simple decoration or 2-dimensional mosaic. Architect and interior designer even have little understanding of architectural character of stained glass.I have considered the problems and prospected architectural stained glass which inspire modern architecture with human sensitivity in Korea.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.7 no.2 s.15
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• pp.63-76
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• 1998

Seowon(書院) was an institute for education and sacrificial rite, established privately in rural villages throughout the middle period of the Chosun dynasty(1392-1910), where scholars researched classic studies, cultivated personal characters in accordance with the Neo-Confucianism, nurtured young disciples, and performed rites at a secluded shrine where spiritual tablets of honorees were housed. This study examines the architectural characteristics of Pilamseowon(筆巖書院) in Chans'seong, Chollanamdo Province, Korea. Through the study, the architectural characteristics of Pilamseowon were found as follows: First, Pilamseowon moved twice since it had been established. Second, through the moving, the area of Pilamseowon was expanded and buildings were added. Third, some buildings of Pilamseowon reflect the previous condition of the seowon site. Take Hwakyeonroo(廓然樓) as an example, which is the main entrance pavilion of Pilamseowon. Pavilion is an appropriate type of building in sloped site. Before Hwakyeonroo was moved to the present site, it was located on sloped site, where Hwakyeonroo accordingly took the pavilion type of building. Present site condition of Pilamseowon is plane, nonetheless, Hwakyeonroo has the pavilion type of building, which reflects the previous condition of the building site. Forth, Pilamseowon consists of six spatial domains and each domain has its own entrance gate to outer area.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.7 no.2 s.15
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• pp.127-140
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• 1998

It seems obvious to the contemporary eye that modern technology has finally brought chaotic abundance to the present world, and provided a superficial civilization over the last century. Nevertheless, such an argument about the external phenomena of present culture does not help constitute the right track of modern technology and architecture. Rather, this discussion comes to re-signify the importance of critical metaphysics as a part of man's cultural activities, especially the ontological meaning of them. In this point, the research is intended both to re-certify the essential nature and mythic value of technology through reviewing the ancient and modern philosophical contemplations, and to examine its architectural condition against the rapid expansion of commercial material-culture.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.49-56
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to provide a practical guide for optimum residential and useful architectural condition in a regional area. The data has been collected through survey from exist Housing of a Go-sung Gun Toa-Sung Mun area. Those 21 Housing samples are collected, and are analyzed by standard Architectural codes, country Architectural codes and regulations This study has been processed in analysis of the unit planning and codes condition of each housings, and situation analysis through the practical investing. As a results of this study, the Housing floor plan in rural area should reflect user's needs and functional unit plan. Especially, the unit planning have a good residental environments. An instance, laundry and balcony space. These result will become basic data for the future architectural design in the Housing floor plan in rural area.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.93-96
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• 2007

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.27-34
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• 2018

Concrete placed under hot weather condition suffers from larger slump loss, rapid moisture evaporation due to high air temperature. Proper measures for material, transportation and curing should be taken to prevent the quality deterioration of the concrete under hot weather condition. In Korea, Although the period of hot weather concrete in Korea occupies only 2 months, there are a lot of quality problems including plastic, drying shrinkage and cold joint. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to investigate and compare the temperature history and crack occurrence of the concrete, which was placed in the actual apartment house construction field under hot weather condition, in response to the application of surface covered curing blankets including PE film, single layer clear bubble sheet, white colored bubble sheet and aluminum metalized bubble sheet. Test results indicated that the application of white colored bubble sheet and aluminum metalized bubble sheet showed most favorable results in terms of reduction in temperature rise and crack occurrence as well as easiness in handling. But, due to light reflection by aluminum metalized bubble sheet, it is believed that white colored bubble sheet is preferable.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2009.09a
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• pp.1141-1146
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• 2009

The compressibility of clay has been expressed e-log p' graph. In natural clay, e-log p' graph are changed by deposition condition and chemical cementation as well as Atterberg limits, whereas in reconstituted clay, it is generally known that e-log p’ curve is varied with Atterberg limits. However, e-log p' graph is possible to change according to the reconstituting methods and test conditions. In this study, consolidation tests are performed as various test condition for reconstituted Busan clay. Test results show that the relationship e/$e_L$ and log p' is almost constant with $e_L$. And the compression index obtained from slurry method sample is larger than one obtained from kneading method sample. Intrinsic compression line (ICL) of Busan clay is identical with ICL suggested by Burland.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2019

This work experimentally determined the effect of microaerobic condition on anaerobic digestion of thickened waste activated sludge in semi-continuous mesophilic digesters at hydraulic retention time of 20 days. The concentration of hydrogen sulfide was $7{\pm}2ppm$ at the microaerobic condition and $14{\pm}2ppm$ at the anaerobic condition. Removal efficiency of volatile solid was not significantly different between microaerobic ($40{\pm}8%$) and anaerobic ($38{\pm}8%$) conditions. There was no important difference between microaerobic ($1,352{\pm}98ml/d$) and anaerobic ($1,362{\pm}104ml/d$) conditions in the biogas production, either. Therefore, it could be concluded that the application of the microaerobic condition was an efficient method of the hydrogen sulfide removal from the biogas.