• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.983-989
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• 2009

This study aims to systematically identify direct and indirect factors that influence labor productivity and to build a model that mathematically quantifies them so as to efficiently manage and increase labor productivity in the construction work. This study was performed based on the productivity model for workers in reinforced concrete construction projects, because it aims to establish a general construction labor productivity model that reflects many factors that influence labor productivity. Using statistical analysis, we found that the components that significantly influence productivity were the worker component, the work characteristic component, the work technique component, the work management component, the equipment & materials component, and the work guide component, while the work delay components did not significantly influence productivity. In addition, a priority analysis was performed based on the components that showed statistically significant effects. The results of the analysis indicated that the influence of work management component and the work technique component is more than that of the worker component and the work characteristic component. The construction labor productivity model that was formulated in this study could be used for the determining the standard productivity during the initial planning stage, so the best strategy for increasing labor productivity could be formulated.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.1601-1611
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• 2007

In this paper, we presented geometric CAD watermarking scheme for Architectural design drawings using line, arc, and circle components to prevent infringement of copyright from unlawfulness reproductions and distribution. The conventional CAD watermarking scheme can be applied to both line and arc components. But the proposed scheme consists of line, arc and circle watermarking schemes for three basic components of CAD design. After extracting line, arc and circle components from designed drawing, the watermark is embedded into the length of Line component, the angle of arc component, and the radius of circle component considering the robustness against various geometric transformations. The embedding strengths in each component are determined to be preserving the transparency of the watermark. By experimental result, we confirmed the robustness and the invisibility of embedded watermarks in several conversions of architectural design drawing.

• 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.606-617
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• 2018

Increased density of racks has resulted in increased use of data center cooling energy and the needs for energy efficient cooling systems has increased. In response to these needs, ASHRAE presented a performance indicator, which is Mechanical Load Component (MLC), for the purpose of evaluating systems at the design stage. However, the MLC metrics presented in the current standard can only be determined for system compliance and compared alternative systems with the system configuration completed. Therefore, there are limitations to considering MLC from the early stages of design. In this study, to extend the scope of application of MLC in the design phase, the design factors of the main equipment comprising the cooling system are classified by the MLC load component and interrelations between design factors were identified.

• Architectural research
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.203-210
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• 2014

The packaged terminal air conditioner, the typical cooling system for the residential buildings, consumes a large amount of electricity in a short period time during peak hours. In order to reduce the peak load and conserve the electricity, the thermally activated building system can be used as a secondary system to handle the partial cooling load. However, the thermally activated building system may cause condensation and under-cooling. Thus, design of both systems should be performed with careful investigation in characteristics of both systems to amplify the advantages. Since the thermally activated building system has the time-delay effect which may cause under-cooling, the system is designed to handle the base load of the building. Hence, simple simulation with EnergyPlus was performed to observe the characteristics of cooling load in residential buildings. Once the possible range of the load handling ratio of the thermally activated building system was decided, characteristics of system was analyzed in terms of hardware component and operation parameters. The hardware components were analyzed in plant and system aspects and the operation parameter was evaluated in the thermal comfort aspect. As the load handling ratio increased, the thermal comfort increased due to the lower radiant mean temperatures. Within the range of thermal comfort, the several adjustments were made in setpoint temperature and electricity consumptions of difference cases were observed to decide which components and parameters were important for designing the systems.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2019

Nonstructural elements are installed according to the function of a building, and refer to the elements other than a structural system that resists external loads. Although the nonstructural elements had the largest part of seismic loss of buildings, seismic design of buildings mainly focuses on structural system and the seismic design of nonstructural elements are rarely conducted. In this study, the seismic design provisions of nonstructural elements presented in Uniform Building Code (UBC) and International Building Code (IBC) were investigated in order to analyze the seismic design considerations of nonstructural elements presented in Korean Building Code (KBC). The results showed that the equivalent static load applied to seismic design of nonstructural elements was revised to take into consideration a total of five items such as effective ground acceleration, vertical amplification factor, response amplification factor, response modification factor, importance factor.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2004

국내의 경우 건설생산현장에서 고유동콘크리트의 제조시 주로 나프탈렌계 및 멜라민계가 적용되고 있으며, 또한 최근에는 콘크리트의 요구성능을 확보하기 위하여 이러한 두 성분을 혼합하여 적용하는 사례도 나타나고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 고유동콘크리트의 유동특성에 영향을 미치는 고성능감수제의 구성비율을 비교$\cdot$분석함으로서 혼합형 고성능감수제의 현장적용시 적용방법 및 품질기준 확립을 위한 기초적인 자료를 제시하기 위하여 고성능감수제를 분산제의 구성비율에 따라 N, NM, MN, M의 4수준으로 설정하였다. 그 결과 고성능감수제 구성비율에 따른 페이스트의 유동특성은 나프탈렌의 구성비율이 증가할수록 상대플로우면적비 및 흡착률이 증가하고 있어 유동성이 우수하게 나타났으며 멜라민 구성비율이 증가할수록 점성이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 나프탈렌-멜라민 혼합형 고성능감수제의 경우 유동성 및 간극통과성을 포함한 고유동 특성과 응결시간에 있어서 상대적으로 양호한 성능을 나타내고 있어 고유동콘크리트 제조시 고성능감수제를 구성하는 주요성분을 적절하게 혼합하여 사용함으로서 고성능감수제의 효율적인 성능향상이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to suggest the direction and recognition for applying to component of Emotion of the elementary school space with characteristics of child development. For the accomplishment of the study is to deduce types of emotional component and characteristics of child development based on literature and advanced research related to 'Child development and behavior', 'The elementary school space', and concept of 'children' and 'emotion'. In addition, The level of recognition of teachers and students about creation plan of school space by types of emotion component and preference and relationships of students on emotion component of elementary school space is investigated. The space environment has great influence in childhood going through big changes in physical, cognitive, emotional and social ways, Providing space environment built with emotion component such as 'affordance', 'diversity', 'territoriality', and 'relationships' considering characteristics of child development is most important of all, In particular, when building indoor space in elementary schools where students going through various development stages live, providing friendly environments for emotion of children put top priority on students in the decision-making process and guaranteed the participation of students is expected.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(3)
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• pp.195-198
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• 2001

Components are abstractions of system level computational entities, connectors are abstractions of component interrelationships. we propose connectors as transferable abstractions of system level component interconnection and inter-operation. Connectors are architectural abstractions of component coordination in the abstract architecture of a system only. Connectors describe a collaboration rationale for component adaptations, which are then modeled in the concrete architecture of a system.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2000

The meaning of light is not always developed aspect in process of architecture history as essence worth of the architecture. It means that architectural light is not affected simple development of civilization, but it has more complex aspect. The technology of applying architecture has continuous development of society that light is possible to extend quantity by development of technology because light is component not simple material or tools but strong worthy aspect, quality development of architecture comes true by exact understanding and application. Conversion from medieval society to modern society begins at the Industrial Revolution has new skills and materials, the architectural conform general space filled with non-characteristic light, and it gives rising to pursuit Utopia is not exist frequently. In result, light of metaphysical meaning is diminished and exterminated. In other hand light seems to be tools by development of technology in modern society, recovering its own meaning in other aspect. That light makes perfect image of architecture not by finite meaning only for simple space but by expressing strongly point that unify the whole architectural composition. Light is free from partial material of architecture. Light activates major composition through high-technology, and has possibility to carry out the essential worth animate architecture. The light expresses relative speciality for sense of place recognizes major component which the human being lives in and conform the real meaning of architecture.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2008년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.190-195
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• 2008

The objective of this research is to determine overall heat transfer coefficients (K-value) of exterior wall, floor, and roof of Nakseonjae, a Korean traditional residence via field measurement of transient heat flow and temperature difference across each envelope component. Heat flow sensors and T-type thermocouple were attached on the internal and the external surface of each building component, and real-time measurement data were collected for the three consecutive summer days. The K-values determined in this research showed good agreement with other results from open literature. Peak and annual thermal loads of the traditional residence estimated by a commercial energy simulation program were compared with those for a current apartment house. The traditional house showed lower annual cooling load than that of the current building. It may caused by the fact that the traditional building has less air-tight envelopes and no fenestration passing direct solar radiation into the space.