• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2008

In China, energy and environmental problems are becoming serious owing to rapid economic development. Coal is the most problematic energy source because it causes indoor and outdoor air pollution, acid rain, and global warming. One type of clean coal technology that has been developed is the coal-biomass briquette (or bio-briquette, BB) technique. BBs, which are produced from pulverized coal, biomass (typically, agricultural waste), and a sulfur fixation agent (slaked lime, $Ca(OH)_2$) under high pressure without any binder, have a high sulfur-fixation effect. In addition, BB combustion ash, that is, the waste material, can be used as a neutralization agent for acidic soil because of its high alkalinity, which originates from the added slaked lime. In this study, we evaluated the suitability of alternative biomass sources, namely, aquatic plants, as a BB constituent from the perspective of their use as a source of energy. We selected three types of aquatic plants for use in BB preparation and compared the fuel, handling, and environmental characteristics of the new BBs with those of conventional BBs. Our results showed that air-dried aquatic plants had a higher calorific value, which was in proportion to their carbon content, than agricultural waste biomass; the compressive strength of the new BBs, which depends on the lignin content of the biomass, was high enough to bear long-range intracontinental transport in China; and the new BBs had the same emission control capacity as the conventional BBs.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.487-496
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• 1996

This study was conducted to investigate pollutant loading, were quality and plant distribution of 8 streams which are tributaries of the Youngsan River. The nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and nutrient removall capacity of the most frequently occurring aquatic plants on streamside were also determined. As a result, the pollutant loading appeared to be correlated with the area of watershed, while the water quality was related to the land use pattern of each steam. The aquatic plants were distributed differently among the streams; Hydrilla verticillata - Potamogeton crispus, Numphoides peltata - Hydrocharis dubia and Polygonum thunbergii - Phragmites japonica were dominant at the Orye Chon, Jungan Chon, Whangryong River and Jiseok Chon, while potamogeton crispus - Lemma paucicostata, Zizania latifolia - Phragmites communis were dominant at the Youngam Chon and Munpyeong Chon. Persicaria hydropiper and Echinochloa crus-galli var. oryzicola were dominant at Kwangju Chon which was polluted with domestic wastewater. >From the measurement of leaf NRA for dominant species, the highest value of NRA was shown by the Polygonum thunbergii, followed by Oenanthe javanica > Phragmites communis > Zizania latifolia > Lemma paucicostata. The highest nitrogen and phosphorus removal capacity was found in Phragmites communis.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1038-1044
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• 2006

The floating island was investigated in order to make a purification of lake water quality with the uptake of nutrients, the prevention of algae growth and the supply of habitat for aquatic plants. Although the concentrations of organics and nutrients inside facility were shown higher than outside, the quantitative analysis was not attainable. Nitrogen uptakes by Cattail, Phragmites japonica, Reed and Wild rice were shown 48.2, 98.0, 111.1 and $72.0g/m^2{\cdot}year$, respectively, and in the case of phosphorus they were 3.2, 8.3, 6.1 and $4.6g/m^2{\cdot}year$, respectively. Considering total floating areas of $2,560m^2$, the nitrogen uptake is totally estimated to $210.7kg/m^2{\cdot}year$ and $14.2kg/m^2{\cdot}year$ for the phosphorus uptake. In order to promote the spread of floating island, the selection of aquatic plants, the control of growth rate properly and the method of quantitative analysis for the purification of water quality and the application to the stream water should be thoroughly surveyed from all angles prior to the application.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.579-603
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• 2020

In order to provide fundamental information about the floristic composition of the area along with an assessment of the environmental impact, a floristic study of the vascular plants in the Tamjin River estuary in Gangjin-gun was conducted for a total of nine days, in the period from June 2014 to September 2014. We found that the vascular plants in this region comprised 424 taxa belong to 102 families, 281 genera, 390 species, 5 subspecies, 26 varieties, and 3 forma. Five taxa of Korean endemic plants including Weigela subsessilis (Nakai) L.H.Bailey, Lespedeza maximowiczii var. tricolor (Nakai) Nakai, and Clematis trichotoma Nakai were collected. Two least concern (LC) taxa of rare plants (as designated by the Korea Forest Service) were collected: Hydrocharis dubia (Blume) Backer and Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco. Ten the floristic regional indicator taxa from the third to the fifth grade were identified: two taxa belonged to grade IV, and eight taxa belonged to grade III. Twenty-four taxa of salt-tolerant plants, including Artemisia fukudo Makino, Carex rugulosa Kuk., and Suaeda glauca (Bunge) Bunge, as well as 44 taxa of aquatic plants, including Najas marina L., Nuphar oguraensis Miki, and Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze, were investigated in this region. Fifty-nine taxa of naturalized plants were recorded, among which the following six taxa were plants that caused ecosystem disturbance: Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Humulus scandens (Lour.) Merr., Lactuca scariola L., Rumex acetosella L., Solidago altissima L., and Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) G.L.Nesom.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.34-45
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• 2013

마디풀과의 물여뀌 종집단(Polygonum amphibium L. complex)은 육상 및 수중 환경 모두에 서식할 수 있는 분류군으로, 서식 환경에 따라 다양한 형태 변이를 나타내어 현재까지 많은 분류군들이 기재되어 왔다. 아시아 및 북미산 107개체로부터 측정한 11개 형태형질을 사용하여 주성분분석을 수행한 결과, 본 종집단에서 존재하는 수생형 및 육생형 개체들은 모든 지역집단에서 잎의 형태 및 크기, 엽병의 길이 등에 의해 서로 구분되는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 동일 개체군 또는 동일 지역내에서 채집된 수생형과 육생형 개체들은 엽록체 DNA 4개 구간(matK, psbA-trnH IGS, rbcL-accD IGS, trnL-trnF)에서 완전히 동일한 염기서열을 공유하는 것으로 밝혀져 유전적으로는 분기되지 않은 것으로 추정되며, 따라서 본 종집단에서 나타나는 생육형간의 형태적 차이는 서식지 환경에 따른 개체 변이인 것으로 판단된다. 형태분석 및 엽록체 4구간 염기서열 유합자료의 계통분석 결과, 한국, 일본, 중국, 몽골, 극동 러시아 지역 등에 분포하는 아시아산 개체들은 북미지역집단 개체들 및 유럽의 영국산 개체와 형태적, 유전적으로 뚜렷이 구분되는 것으로 밝혀졌으며, 따라서 한반도산 개체들을 포함하는 아시아 지역집단 개체들은 P. amphibium의 하나의 변종(P. amphibium var. amurense Korsh.)으로 인식하는 것이 타당한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.51-77
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• 2006

Pond management is a critical part of overall golf course management, both during growth and maintenance modes of turf care. This study investigated 48 ponds in nine 18- or 27-hole golf courses to analyze the environmental characteristics of ponds. The research process had three phases: (1) inventory and analysis of grading plans and drainage plans, (2) field verification and interviews with greenskeepers, and (3) analyses of water quality and statistics. All data were collected from May to August in 2004. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. It is desirable to site a golf course in a small watershed with high watershed eccentricity to control storm water runoff efficiently and to minimize soil erosion during construction. 2. The siting and size of a pond should be determined through a land-use analysis of the watershed for the purpose of ecological management. The bigger the forest-to-golf course ratio, the better the water quality will be. 3. The size and capacity of each individual ponds varied and there were many somewhat longish rather than round ponds. 4. There were many differences among golf courses in naturalness of the ponds, and the correlation between naturalness and area of aquatic plants was very high. 5. Analyses of pond water quality indicated that the degrees of Dissolved Oxygen, Chemical Oxygen Demanded and Suspended Solids were relatively low values but Total Phosphorus and Total Nitrogen were too high. Therefore a systematic approach is needed to solve e problem. Pesticide residues were not detected in all ponds. 6. Water depth and area of hydrophyte should be considered when designing an ecological pond. 7. All ponds used storm water as a main source of water supply and added underground water. Aquatic plants and physical methods such as water aeration and spray fountains were the main choices for maintaining a healthy aquatic environment.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2000

부들, 갈대, 줄, 물고랭이 등의 정수식물을 이용하여 5개월 동안 용기재배로 산업폐수 정화용 정수식물을 선발하였다. 전기전도도가 3.0 dS/m이고, NH₄/sup ＋/-N 농도가 130 ppm인 산업폐수를 관수하였을때 증발산량(ETc)이 감소하지 않는 정수식물은 부들과 줄로서 내염성이 강하였고, 갈대는 폐수처리에 의하여 배양액재배시 보다 증발산량이 30% 감소하였으나 증발산량의 절대치가 가장 높아 수분요구량이 매우 높은 식물로 판명되었다. 부들과 줄의 건물생산량은 증발산량의 경우에서와 같이 배양액 관수구보다 오히려 산업폐수 관수구에서 높았고, 갈대는 폐수처리에 의하여 건물생산량이 14% 감소하였음에도 불구하고 4종식물중에 건물생산량이 가장 높았다. 물고랭이는 산업폐수를 관수하였을 때 건물생산량이 71.3% 감소하여 내염성과 고농도 암모니아성 질소에 대한 내성이 극히 불량한 것으로 나타났다. 줄과 갈대는 산업폐수 관수시에 총건물중과 조직내 질소 축적물이 부들이나 물고랭이 보다 훨씬 높아 단위면적당 질소 흡수제거량이 큰 정수식물로 판명되었다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.541-544
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• 2015

We report the status of wetland vascular plant species in Korea including the whole peninsula and its adjacent islands. This analysis was based on database from our previous categorized list. In all, 4,050 taxa have been reported, including 3,769 native and 281 naturalized. Of these, 479 taxa (12%) are considered as wetland vascular indicator species: 240 obligate wetland plants (OBW) and 239 facultative upland plants (FACW). Approximately 31% of those 479 taxa, i.e., 149 taxa, are labelled as aquatic macrophytes. Wetland plants, mostly herbaceous but some woody, inhabit aquatic bodies and wet meadows. Except for two OBW and six FACW taxa, the rest of the plants are summer-green only. The information provided here is valuable for making assessments of wetland ecosystem health, as well as for developing management plans to preserve and restore wetlands and their resident plant species while also creating artificial wetland environments.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제8권Supplyment
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• pp.64-64
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• 2004

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2002년도 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.137-149
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• 2002